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''OUR  METHOD" 


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COPYRIGHT,   1918, 

By  REBECCA  GODCHAUX  and 

JOSEPHINE  GODCHAUX 


All  rights  reserved. 


Our  Method" 


for  TEACHING 

PRACTICAL 
FRENCH 


Dedicated   to   "OUR    BOYS" 

BY  

Rebecca  and  Josephine  Godchaux 


tftft: 


DISTRIBUTING    AGENTS: 

"THE   WHITE    HOUSE" 
RAPHAEL   WEILL   &   CO. 

GRANT  AVENUE  &  SUTTER  STREET 

SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL. 


a 


w 


OUR     METHOD" 


CONTENTS 


Each  lesson  consists  of  a  conversation,  a  vocabu- 
lary relating  to  the  subject,  and  some  grammar. 


Page 

Preface  7 

Sounds:  vowels,  consonants,  rules,  etc.;  advice 
for  reading    11 

SUBJECTS    OF    THE    DIFFERENT    LESSONS: 
Lesson 

I :   Greetings 17 

II:   Parts  of  the  body;   Senses 22 

III:   Food,  Trees,  Flowers   29 

IV:   The  House   36 

V:   Name,  Age,  Family 45 

VI:   Days,  Months,  Seasons,  Time,  Measures, 

Numbers,  Coin   52 

VII:   S'oldier's  equipment   58 

VIII:   The  Weather,  Post-office 63 

IX:   The  Theatre,  The  Performance  69 

X:   Travels,  Animals   75 

XI:   Shopping 80 

VERB  SECTION 85 

XII:   The  Doctor,  Dentist   Ill 

XIII:   Stationery,  Bookstore,  Photography 118 

XIV:   Teacher  and  Pupil,  Arts,  Sciences,  Prof- 
essions   120 

XV:   Miscellaneous  Subjects:  Railroad,  Hotel, 
Bank,     Lawyers,     Telegraph,      Calling, 

Tailor,  Dressmaker,  etc 125 

Additional   Classified  Vocabulary,    relating    to 

the  fifteen  lessons 138 

Vocabulary  of  Virtues,  Vices,  Sentiments,  etc.  .145 

Grouping  of  useful  expressions 146 

Idiomatic  expressions  often  used 147 

Classified  idiomatic  expressions  (Surprise,  Re- 
gret, Anger,  Pride,  etc.)    149 

Formulas  for  Letter-writing,  Cards,  Notes,  etc. .  152 

385516 


'OUR    METHOD' 


Exercises  for  Translation,  relating  to  the  Gram- 
matical Rules . 156 

French  Anecdotes;  French  Witticisms   160 

Military  Section 163 

Army,     Navy,     Aviation,     Hospital,      Soldiers' 

Slang 170 

La  Marseillaise 172 

Sights  of  Paris  and  its  surroundings 174 

Supplementary  remarks    175 

A  few  suggestions  as  to  what  books  to  read. .  .176 

GRAMMAR 

The  articles:  "definite"  —  "indefinite"  (lesson 
I).  "At  the",  "to  the":  au,  a  la,  aux.  — 
"From  the",  "of  the":  du,  de  la,  des  (lesson 

II)    .    28 

Partitive  Article:   some,  any,  (lesson  II)...   27 

Gender  —  Plural  of  nouns  26 

Nouns:  Formation  of  some  nouns  (lesson  I) . . .   20 

Gender  —  Plural  of  nouns 26 

Interrogative  and  Negative  forms:    (lesson  I)..   19 

Also 35-36 

Auxiliary  Verbs:  Avoir  (have);  £tre  (be) 41 

Formation  of  Present  tense   19-34 

Formation  of  Past  tenses   72-73 

Formation  of  Future 77 

Formation  of  Conditional   84 

Reflective  or  pronominal  verbs 60 

Use  of  the  tenses  of  the  Verbs 114 

Verb  Section  complete  4  conjugations  —  regu- 
lar —  irregular  —  passive  —  impersonal, 
etc 85 

Adjectives 

Demonstrative  —  possessive  —  indefinite  ....   39 
qualifying  —  comparative  —  numeral   48-55 

Pronouns 

Possessive  —  demonstrative  62 

Personal  (conjunctive  and  disjunctive)   66 

Indefinite  —  Relative  —  Interrogative 68-73 

Conjunctions  —  Prepositions  —  Adverbs 79-83 


"OUR    METHOD" 


PREFACE 

This  little  book:  "Our  Method"— for 
teaching  practical  French  has  been  inspir- 
ed by  a  most  ardent  desire  to  help  the 
splendid  sons  of  great  America  in  their 
wonderful  "Fight  in  France,  for  Right  and 
Liberty". 

It  has  been  our  aim  to  make  the  study 
of  the  beautiful  French  language  accessible 
and  practical. 

After  many  years  of  teaching  we  have 
gathered  the  fruit  of  experience  and  gladly 
offer  its  harvest  to  "our  boys"  and  to  all 
those  whom  it  might  help. 

We  do  not  claim  for  our  little  book  the 
completeness  of  more  extensive  methods, 
but  we  feel  sure  that  we  have  accomplished 
our  aim,  which  is  to  eliminate  the  super- 
fluous and  absorb  the  essential. ' ' 

Too  often,  memories  are  taxed  with  rules 
and  expressions  seldom  used  and  which 
crowd  out  the  more  necessary  elements, 
while   creating  confusion. 

We  have  tried  to  adapt  our  method  to  the 
requirements  of  the  human  mind,  remember- 
ing that  we  are  "creatures  of  habit" — too 
much  so  perhaps — but  that,  nevertheless, 
habit  is  a  strong  factor  to  be  used  with  great 
benefit.  Therefore,  we  have  chosen  this 
conversational  system  which  by  constant 
repetition,  accustoms  the  ear  and  tongue  of 
the  pupil  to  the  rhythm  of  the  French  con- 


"OUR     METHOD" 


struction  and  to  the  sound  of  French  words. 
The  latter  have  been  grouped  according  to 
subjects. 

We  have  reversed  the  traditional  order  of 
methods  by  giving  the  example  before  the 
rule — the  Synthesis  before  the  Analysis — 
the  whole  before  the  part. 

The  ''Whys,"  "Whats"  and  "Where- 
fores" could  never  exist  without  the  sug- 
gestion which  the  object  in  its  completion 
can  alone  inspire. 

Grammar  should  not  be  forced  upon  the 
mind,  but  "granted"  as  an  answer  to  the 
intelligent,  awakened  and  inquiring  curios- 
ity of  the  pupil. 

If  we  have  succeeded  in  making  the  way 
easier  for  students  of  French,  and  helped  to 
spread  the  knowledge  and  love  of  "le  parler 
le  plus  delectable"  (the  most  delightful  lan- 
guage) as  it  was  called  already  centuries 
ago ! — we  will  feel  repaid  for  our  efforts. 

May  we  thus  have  helped  in  our  humble 
capacity,  to  equip  this  wonderful  living 
hyphen  between  two  great  Countries — the 
American  Army! — in  its  sublime  answer  to 
an  Ideal  Call  so  splendidly  expressed  by  the 
words  of  General  Pershing: 

"La  Fayette,  we  are  here!" 
La  Fayette,  nous  voici ! 

Rebecca  Godchaux, 

"Officier  de  l'lnstruction  Publique". 

San  Francisco,  October  1st,  1918. 


"OUR     METHOD" 


HOW  TO  USE  THIS  METHOD 


Our-  aim  in  publishing  this  little  book  is 
to  facilitate  the  mastering  of  a  practical 
knowledge  of  French  and  to  enable  students 
to  talk  fluently  and  unhesitatingly. 

A  few  suggestions  may  assist  the  pupils : 

1.  Study  the  lesson  until  every  word  is 
thoroughly  retained. 

2.  When  taking  a  new  lesson,  always  re- 
view those  preceding.  Our  experience 
in  teaching  has  so  absolutely  convinced 
us  of  the  great  value  and  indispensabil- 
ity  of  " repetition' '  that  we  can  not  lay 
enough  stress  on  the  necessity  of  review- 
ing, of  "repeating". 

In  this  way,  not  words  only,  but  also 
entire  sentences  properly  constructed 
will  naturally  present  themselves  to  the 
pupil's  mind. 

3.  When  studying  the  vocabulary,  pupils 
are  advised  to  always  connect  the  proper 
article  with  the  noun.  This  will  greatly 
facilitate  the  use  of  the  correct  gender. 
For  example,  learn  : 

La  legon 
Le  jardin 
Le  livre 
La  maison,  etc. 


10  "OUR    METHOD" 

thus  training  the  ear  (which  can  be- 
come so  helpful  a  guide)  to  the  sound 
of  the  right  article. 

4.  To  obviate  the  trouble  which  pupils  often 
experience  in  "catching"  (as  they  say) 
the  spoken  French  words,  we  urge  teach- 
ers using  this  method  to  question  pupils 
frequently. 

The  lessons  have  been  so  arranged  as 
to  easily  afford  the  opportunity  and  facil- 
ity of  doing  so. 

This  will  largely  help  the  students  to 
gain  much  more  than  the  "visual"  know- 
ledge of  French  to  which  they  have  too 
often  been  restricted,  and  will  enable 
them  to  understand  with  the  ear  as  well 
as  with  the  eye.  We  also  advise  pupils 
to  study  aloud. 


OUR     METHOD"  11 


ALPHABET 

A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

F 

G 

H 

1 

ah 

bay 

say 

day 

ay 

eff 

jay 

ash 

ee 

J 

K 

L 

M 

N 

0 

P 

Q 

R 

gee 

ka 

ell 

em 

en 

oh 

pay 

ku 

air 

S 

T 

U 

V 

W 

X 

Y 

Z 

es 

tay 

U 

vay     dooblev 

eeks     eegrek 

zed 

SOUNDS 

VOYELLES  —  VOWELS 

a  e  i  o  u  y  (i) 

a 

has  two  sounds  in  French: 
a — (short,  like  "a"  in  "mast",  although  less  nasal. 

Ex.:    ma  —  tas  —  pas  —  alle  —  va 
a — (long),  like  "a"  in  "father"  —  "arm". 

Ex.:     ame  —  pate 

e 

has  three  sounds: 
e (muet  —  silent),  like  "u"  in  "curl",  —  "fur". 

Ex:   le  cheval  —  table, 
e (ferme  —  closed),  with  the  "accent  aigu"   (') 

is  pronounced  like  "a"  in  "skate",  "rate. 

Ex:  clarte  —  charite. 
e (ouvert  —   open),   with    the     "accent   grave" 

(e)  above  it,  is  pronounced  like  "e"  in  (<egg,f. 

Ex.:      pere  —  mere  —  frere. 
e (long),  with  the  "accent  circonflexe",  like  e, 

but  longer,  more  drawn. 

Ex.:     tete  —  bete  —  fete. 

i 

i is  pronounced  like  "ee"  in  "knee". 

Ex.:     lit  —  nid  —  cri   (t,  d,  silent). 

o 

has  two  sounds: 

O (closed)  as  in  "rose". 

Ex.:  chose  —  pose  —  mot  —  usually  pro- 
nounced thus  before  "s"  "t"  and  words 
ending  in  "tion"  like:  notion  —  potion 
sot  —  pot  —  vos. 

o (ouvert  —  open)  like  "u"  in  "rub"  "mud". 

Ex.:     mode  —   robe  —  votre. 
U — (whistling  sound)    the  lips  should  be  shaped 
as  if  to  whistle: 
Ex.:     vu  —  lu  —  dune  —  lune. 

y (i  grec)  is  sounded  like  i  (ee). 

Ex.:      lys. 


12  "OUR     METHOD" 

DIPHTHONGS 
ai  —  ei  —  (e) 
(open  "e"  like  in  "egg" 
Ex.:    balai  —  jamais  —  mais  —  veine  —  Seine 

au  —  eau  —  (o) 
Ex.:     etau  —  blaireau  —  chaud  —  beau 
eu  —  u  in  fur 
"e"  mute  (like  "fur") 
Ex.:      peu  —  feu  —  bleu  —  cheveu  —  neveu 
pleut. 
When  followed   by  an  "r",  "eu"   takes  a   more 
open  sound  like  "purr". 

Ex.:     peur  —  fleur  — pleur. 

oi    ("oa"  or  "wa") 
Ex.:      Moi  —  toi  —  loi  —  trois  —  froid. 

ou  "oo" 
Ex.:      nous  —  chou  —  trou  —  four  —  lourd. 

ENDINGS 
er  —  ez  —  ed 

as  endings,  have  the  sound  of  "e"   (closed) 
Ex.:    diner  —  chanter  —  nez  —  venez  —  pied 

et 
as  ending,  has  the   sound   of  "e"    (open) 
Ex.:     sujet  —  muguet  —  objet 

L    MOUILLE   —   LIQUID    L 
The  liquid  I  sound  is  the  "ye"  sound,  as  "y"  in 
"young"  —  "yield". 

ail  —  aille 
"eye" 
Ex.:     bail  —  corail  —  email  —  travail — faille 
maille. 

eil  —  eille 
"a-ye" 
Ex.:      soleil  —  vermeil 
oreille  —  abeille 

euil  —  euille   (eu-ye) 
Ex.:     seuil  —  deuil  —  feuille 
chevreuil  —  feuillage. 
ouil  —  ouille   (oo-ye) 
Ex.:     fouille  —  bouilli  —  grenouille. 

ille  (ee-ye) 
Ex.:     fille  —  famille. 
There  are  exceptions  to  the  latter  as: 

ville  (city)  pupille  (ward  —  pupil  of  the  eye) 
tranquille  (quiet),  mille  (thousand),  where 
"I"  is  sounded. 


"OUR     METHOD"  13 

NASALES  —  Nasal  syllables 
The  nasal  sound  is  slightly  pronounced  through 
the  nose — just  enough  to  color  agreeably  the  son- 
orous sound  of  the  vowel.     It  is  always  expressed 
by  an  "n"  or  an  "m"  following  a  vowel — thus: 

an,   am,   en,   em 
(like  the  English  "on",  being  careful  not  to  pro- 
nounce the  n,  but  stop  at  it. 

Ex.:      banc  —  lampe  —  den*  —  vent. 

on,  om 
like  above,  only  rounding  the  lips  for  the 

"o"   sound 
Ex.:   rond  —  bon  — mon. 

ain,  aim,  ein,  eim,  in,  im 
like  "an"  in  "and",  "bank"  dropping  the  "nk" 
and  "nd"  sounds. 
Ex.:      main  —  pain  —  saint  —  sein  —  peint 
lapin  —  divin  —  vint 
ian,  iam 
like  "yawn",  dropping  the  n  sound. 
Ex.:     viande  —  pliant. 

ion  (i-on) 
like  the  preceding   sound,  only  rounding  the 

mouth  and  lips  for  the  o  sound. 
Ex.:     lion  —  espion. 

ien 
like   "yankee"   dropping  the   "nkee"   sound. 
Ex.:      bien — viens  —  chien  —  ancien  —  mien. 

oin    ("o-in"   in   rapid   succession) 
Ex.:     moins  —  point  —  loin. 
un 
can  be  learned  only  by  mouth  of  teacher.     It  is 
the   whistling   position   of   the   lips   used   for   "u" 
with  the  nasal  sound  of  a  "grunt". 
Ex.:      un  —  lundi. 
When  the  V  or  "m"  of  a  nasal  syllable  is  fol- 
lowed by  another  "n",   "m"   or  by   a  vowel,   the 
nasal  quality  disappears,  for  the  "n",  then  becomes 
the  initial  consonant  of  the  following  syllable,  and 
the  preceding  vowel  resumes  its  natural  sound. 
Ex.     divin  —  divine  lundi  —  lune 

cousin cousine  un  —  une 

main  —  maine 
igne 
"gn"  sounded  like  "kn"  in  the  word  "knew" 
Ex.:     ligne  —  vigne —  signe  —  enseigne  — 
ignorer. 


14  "OUR     METHOD" 

CONSONANTS 
The  Consonants  are  articulated  in  French  the 
same  way  as  in  English:   ba  —  bo  —  da  — do. 

A  few  remarks  should  be  made  about  the  "c" 
which  has  two  pronunciations,  as  follows: 
"c"  is  pronounced  like  "k"  before  a  —  o  —  u. 

Ex.:     car  —  comme  —  cure, 
(qu   has  also  the  sound  of  k). 
"c"  is  pronounced  like  "s"  before  e  and  i. 

Ex.:     ce  —  cette  —  ci  — ceci. 
Before  a  —  o  —  u,  "c"  can  be  made  to  have 
the  pronunciation  of  "s"  by  putting  under  it  a  lit- 
tle  sign   called   cedilla    (cedille) :    5. 
Ex.:     francais  —  lecon  —  recu. 
G  also  has  two  sounds. 

1.  Before  a — 0 — u  it  is  sounded  like  g  in  "girl". 
Ex.:     gare    (station — depot). 

gomme   (gum)  guerre   (war) 

2.  Before   e   and    i    it  is   sounded   like    "s"    in 
"pleasure",   j  also  has  the  sound  of  "s"  in  pleasure. 

Ex.:     gilet   (vest)   —  genou    (knee). 
The  "h"  has   two   sounds:    one   "mute"    (muet) 
which  really  eliminates  it.    Thus,  words  beginning 
with    "h    mute"    are    treated   as    those    beginning 
with  a  vowel.     The  article  is  elided  before  them, 
and  the  "liaison"  or  "slurring"  is  felt. 
Ex.:      I'homme  —   leswhommes. 
2.     The  aspirated   h,  which  does  not  allow  the 
"liaison". 

Ex.:     le  heros  —  les  heros. 
"s"  has  two  sounds:  1.  that  of  the  s  in  the  Eng- 
lish word  "side"; 
2.  that  of  a  "z". 

It  is  pronounced  "z"  between  two  vowels. 
Ex.:     asile  —  rose  —  chose 
Except  when  it  follows  a  prefix,  when  it  takes  the 
hard  sound  of  "s"  in  "side". 

Ex.:      parasol  —  presupposer  —  entresol  — 
vraisemblable. 
It  has.  the  hard   (side)   sound:   1.  when  at  the 
beginning  of  a  word. 
Ex.:.  soleil  * —  secours  —  silence. 

2.    at  the  end.  of  some  words,  as  in: 
jadis  — os  —  ours  —  f ils  ^ — •  lis. 
In  "fleur  de  lis"  (the  emblem  of  French  royalty) 
the  "s"  is  silent:  fleur  de  li  (s). 

In  the-  word  "sens",  s  is  pronounced  hard: 
(side) ,  except  when  accompanied  with  an  adject- 
ive, in  which  case  it  is  not  sounded. 


"OUR    METHOD"  15 

Ex.:     bon  sens  —  sens  commun. 

But  there  is  a  tendency  now  to  sound  the  "s". 

x 
The  letter  x  has  two  sounds: 
1.    that  of  "eks";        2.    that  of  "egs". 
It  is  pronounced  "egs"  in  the  following  words: 
examen  exemple  hexametre 

exhiber  exhaler  execrer 

exaucer 
Also  when  it  is  preceded  by  "in". 

Ex.:      inexerce  —  inexplorable. 

It  is  pronounced :"ks"  in  the  following  words: 
axe  luxe  exception 

sexe  phenix  excessif 

texte  Styx  exciter 

Alexandre  reflexion  lynx  larynx 

flexible  exces  maxime 

It  is  pronounced  "ss": 

1.  in  dix  and  six;    (excepting  when  they  precede 
a  vowel:  dix  ans  (diz  ans). 

2.  in:  Auxerre  —  Bruxelles  —  soixante. 

(Ausserre)  (Brusselles)     soissante) 
Between  two  vowels  it  often  has  a  "z"  sound: 
deuxieme  —  dixieme. 

At  the  end  of  some  words,  it  is  often  silent: 
Ex.:     heureux  —  prix  —  crucifix. 

"tion"   as   an   ending   has   the   sound   of   "sion" 
(the  "s"  hard).    Ex.:   nation   (pronounce  nassion). 
"th"  is  sounded  as  plain  "t":  theatre  —  the. 
"d",  when  linked  on  to  a  vowel  beginning  the 
following  word,  takes  the  sound  of  "t". 
grand  homme  (t  homme) 
quand  il  vient  (t  il  vient) 
when  he  comes.  .  0 

The  above   indications  if  well  followed   should 
enable    the    pupil    to    pronounce    correctly    any 
French  word. 

A    FEW    REMARKS 

The  "en t",  as  ending  of  verbs,  is  never  pronounced. 

Ex.:      Ms  aiment. 

Notice  that  in   lourd,   court,   premier,  the  iinal 

consonants  are  not  pronounced.    Final  consonants 

rarely- are.  . .  .    .  ...  -—'....    ..;;         ::    _  : 

But  if— as  it  i&  the  caae  in  the.  .f eminine.-T-an 
e  is  added,  these  consonants  are. sounded;  ; 

Ex.:     lourde  —  courte  tt-u  premiere.  _.  _  ;.". 
The  r  in  "er"  endings  is  silent,  except  in;    ; - 
mer  (sea)  i^-fer  (iron  — -  araer  (bittei-) 
hiver  (winter),. where  is  is.prcgiounced-*- 


16  "OUR     METHOD" 

The  trema  (")  (diaerisis)  separates  two  vowels: 
Ex.:   hair,  ha-ir.  —  Esau,  Esa-u. 

SOME    ADVICE    FOR     READING 

It  must  be  remembered  that  in  French  syl- 
lables usually  begin  with  a  consonant  or  a  nasal, 
in  the  course  of  a  word,  and  end  with  a  vowel  or 
nasal. 

Ex.:  mon — ta — gne  con — den — ser 

a — ni — mal  che — vreau 

Except  where   there   are  double  con- 
sonants:   bal-lon. 
The  "liaison"  or  linking  of  words  must  be  ob- 
served.     This  consists  in  slurring  the  final  con- 
sonant of  a  word,  in  joining  it  to  the  vowel  begin- 
ning the  following  word. 
Ex.:         Leswenfants 
llswont — ete 
Nous^avons — eu 
It   is    important   to   accustom    oneself    to    the 
"liaisons"  if  one  would  be  enabled  to  understand 
French  as  it  is  spoken  by  the  French. 

Remember — in  reading  the  exquisite  French 
language  that  its  beauty  lies  in  its  simple,  fluent, 
uniform  evenness  of  diction. 

There  is  no  "sing-song",  hardly  any  stress,  but 
that  of  expression  given  to  the  "mot  de  valeur" 
(word  of  importance). 

The  "accent  tonique"  or  stress,  slight  as  it  is, 
rests  on  the  last  syllable,  or,  if  this  is  a  silent 
one,  the  accent  will  be  placed  on  the  syllable  pre- 
ceding it: 

maison   —  chapeau   —  respectable  —  delivrance 
Read  Jhis  sentence  thus: 

Je  ne  vous  connais  pas 
12        3         4     5        6 
as  evenly  as  you  would  say  the  numbers  beneath 
the  words. 

Be  careful  not  to  accent  as  one  does  in  English, 
rushing  the  vowels  and  bringing  out  the  con- 
sonants. French  is  a  language  of  vowels.  Besides, 
the  syllables  are  pronounced  evenly— without  any 
stress  upon  any — only,  perhaps,  a  slight  one  on 
the  last  In  English  the  word  "opera"  is  sounded 
so  as  to  bring  out  the  letters  o  p  r. 
In  French  it  is  thus: 
o-pS-ra. 

The  consonants  are  only  means  of  articulation 
—  to  bring  out  the  vowels  o    6     a. 


"OUR     METHOD"  17 

PREMIERE  LEQON 
First  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 
"SALUTATIONS"  —  "GREETINGS" 

Bonjour,  Monsieur  —  Messieurs 
Madame  —  Mesdames. 

Good  Day  Sir  —  Gentlemen  —  Madam  —  Ladies. 

Bonsoir,  Mademoiselle  —  Mesdempiselles. 

Good  Evening,  Miss  —  Misses. 

Comment  allez-vous? 

How  go  you?  (How  do  you  do?) 

Comment  vous  portez-vous? 

How  do  you  carry  yourself?   (How  are  you?) 

Je  vais  bien,  tres  bien. 

i  go  well,  very  well.   (I  am  well) 

Je  me  porte  bien.  —  Merci. 

i  myself  cany  well.  Thanks.    (I  am  well) 

Vous  voulez  apprendre  le  frangais,  n'est-ce 
pas? 

You  wish  (want)  to  learn  (the)  French,  is  it  not? 

Vous  voulez  prendre  une  legon  de  frangais: 

You  want  to  take  a  lesson  in  French: 

Oui,  je  veux  apprendre  la  langue  frangaise. 

Yes.  I  want  to  learn  the  French  language. 

Vous  ne  parlez  pas  frangais? 

You  do  not  speak  French? 

Non,  Mademoiselle,  je  ne  parle  pas  frangais. 

No,  Miss,  I  do  not  speak  French. 

Adieu  —  Au  revoir. 

Farewell.  —  Good  bye. 

Vous  savez   maintenant  quelques  mots   de 
frangais. 

You  know  now  a  few  words  of  French. 

Si  vous  voulez  ecrire  une  lettre,  vous  deman- 
dez,  vous  prenez  une  plume,  de  Tencre, 
du  papier,  une  feuille  de  papier,  des  en- 
veloppes,  un  timbre-poste. 

If  you  -wish  to  write  a  letter,  you  nsk  for  —  you  take 
—  a  pen,  some  ink,  paper,  a  sheet  of  paper  +- 
envelopes  —   a   postage   stamp. 


18  "OUR    METHOD1 


VOCABULAIRE 

Bonjour Good  day 

bon    •  •  .good 

le  jour the  day 

bonsoir     .  •  • good  evening 

le  soir   the  evening 

la  legon the   lesson 

une   legon    a  lesson 

premier •  • first 

premiere    (fern.)    first 

comment how 

allez-vous? -go  you  (do  you  do) 

prendre    to  take 

I'homme the  man 

la  femme •  • the  woman 

les  parents  the  parents. 

les  grands-parents   the  grand  parents 

le  fils  —  la  f i lie   the  son — girl,  daughter 

le  garcon  the  boy 

I'enfant   the  child 

le  bebe   the  baby 

de of,  from 

et •  • and 

n'est-ce  pas?  is  it  not?  do  you  not? 

parler   to  speak 

je  parle   • I  speak 

je  ne  parle  pas   . .  •  • I  do  not  speak 

le   monsieur    the  gentleman 

la  dame   • the  lady 

le  jeune  homme   •  •  .the  young  man 

la  jeune  fille the  young  lady 

le  ciel   •  .the  sky,  heaven 

la  terre    the   earth,   ground 

le  monde  the  world,  the  people 

le   mot    the  word 

la  parole   . . .  •  • the  word   (moral  sense 

also) 

la  chose the  thing 

le  livre the  book 

lire to  read 

ecrire    -to  write 

le  papier   •  • the  paper 

Pencre  —  encrier   the  ink  —  inkstand 

le   crayon    the  pencil 

faire   une   chose   to  do  a  thing 

dire  quelque  chose ..to  say  something 

SMI  vous  plait  (S.  V.  P.) . .  If  you  please 

NOTE-See  additional  classified  vocabulary,  page  137. 


"OUR    METHOD"  19 

GRAMMAIRE 
The  article  —  The  negative  form 
The  is  rendered  in  French  by: 
Le  —  for  the  masculine:  le  pere; 
La  — •  for  the  feminine:   la  mere; 
Les  —  for  the  plural  of  both  genders:  les  parents; 
F  is  used  instead  of  "le"  —    "la"  in    front  of  a 
vowel:  I'ami  (the  friend)  or  a  silent  h: 
Fhomme. 
A   or   an    is   rendered   by   un   for  the    masculine, 

une  for  the  feminine:    un  pere;    une  mere. 
The  negative  "not"  is  translated  in  French  by  two 
words:   ne-pas.    Ne  is  placed  before  the  verb, 
pas  after. 
Ex.:  Je  ne  parle  pas  (I  do  not  speak). 
Je  ne  prends  pas  (I  do  not  take) 
To  form  the  interrogative,  we  have  seen  that  the 

pronoun  subject  is  placed,  after  the  verb. 
Ex.:   Allez-vous?   (do  you  go?   (are  you?) 
Parlez-vous?   (do  you  speak?) 
N'est-ce  pas?   (Is  it  not?) 
There  is   still  another  form   "Est-ce   que",  which 
will  be  given  further    (see  lesson  3). 

Compter  jusqu'a  dix   (counting  until  ten): 

un  (1),  deux  (2),  trois  (3),  quatre  (4),  cinq 
(5),  six  (6),  sept  (7),  huit  (8),  neuf  (9), 
dix   (10). 

Avoir  —  to  have 
Present: 

J'ai I  have 

Tu  as   '. .  •  • Thou  hast 

II  a,  elle  a   He,  she  has 

Nous  avons    We  have 

Vous  avez •  • You  have 

Ms  ont,  elles  ont   . .  .They  have 

On  a  one  has 

Etre  —  to  be 
Present: 

Je  suis  I  am 

Tu  es   •  • — .Thou  art 

II  est .j .He,  she  is 

Nous  sommes    We  are 

Vous  etes    ._ You  are 

lis  sont   ..'....•• they  are 

On  est   . . . .--. . . . , . . . .  .one  is,  they  are     -    - 


20  "OUR     METHOD" 

Students  of  French  invariably  will  ask  the 
question:  How  can  we  tell  whether  a  noun  is 
masculine  or  feminine?  Unfortunately,  there  is 
no  definite  way,  and  practice  and  reading  must 
be  our  only  guides. 

However,  the  following  rules  may  afford  a  little 
help: 

Words  ending  in  "tion",  "ion"  are  of  the  femi- 
nine gender.  And  as  most  of  those  words  are 
similar  to  the  English,  it  will  give  already  quite 
a  little  vocabulary. 

Ex.:     institution  —  institution 
instruction  —  instruction 
la  construction  —  construction 
la  pension  —  pension 

Are  also  of  the  feminine  gender:  words  in  "te", 
which  can  often  be  translated  by  the  English  cor- 
responding word  in  "ty". 

Ex.:     la  beaute  —  beauty 
la  charite  —  charity 
la  pitie  —  pity 

also  words  ending  in  "ence": 

Ex.:     la  clemence  —  clemency 

la  violence  —  violence 
and  in  "ie": 

philosophie  —  philosophy 

geographie  —  geography,  etc. 

Are  of  the  masculine  gender:  nouns  ending  in 
"ment". 

Ex.:     compliment  —  compliment 
Ie  devouement  —  devotion 

also  nouns  formed  from  the  verb,  like: 

Ex:     Ie  manger  —  the  eating 
Ie  bo  ire  —  the  drinking 
Ie  diner  —  the  dinner 

Most  of  the  nouns  ending  in  "e"  are  feminine — 
but  this  is  far  from  being  an  absolute  rule,  as 
will  be  seen  in  the  words: 

Ie  pere  —  Ie  frere  —  Ie  globe 
which  are  masculine,  although  ending  in  "e". 


"OUR     METHOD"  21 

For  vocabulary  purposes,  it  is  well  to  know  that: 
many  words  ending  in  "age"  are  the  same  in 
both  languages: 

image  —  plumage  —  courage  —  carnage  — • 
sage. 

2.  In  able  —  ible  —  acle  —  ice: 

Ex.:  table  —  obstacle  —  visible  —  justice  — 
avarice. 

3.  Words  ending  in  "ary"  in  English  often  take 
in  French  the  ending  "aire". 

Ex.:     dictionary  —  dictionnaire 
calvary  — ■  calvaire 
secretary  —  secretaire,  etc. 

4.  Words  ending  in  "or"  change  that  ending  into 
"eur". 

Ex.:     doctor  —  docteur 

dictator  —  dictateur 
odor  —  odeur 
author  —  auteur,  etc. 

5.  W^ords  ending  in  "ic"  change  into  "ique". 

Republic  —  republique 
music  —  musique,  etc. 

6.  Words  ending  in  "ism"  change  into  "isme". 

heroism  —  heroTsme,  etc. 

7.  Adverbs  ending  in  "ly"    end    in "  French    in 
"ment". 

simply  —  simplement 
admirably  —  admirablement 


22  "OUR     METHOD" 

DEUXIEME  LEQON 
Second  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

"LE    CORPS     ET    LES    SENS" 

"The  body  and  the  senses" 

Nous  avons  une  tete,  deux  yeux,  un  nez,  une 
bouche  et  deux  oreilles. 

We  have  a  head,  two  eyes,  a  nose,  a  mouth  and  two 
ears. 

Nous  avons  deux  bras,  deux  mains,  deux 
jambes  et  deux  pieds. 

We  have  two  arms,  two  hands,  two  legs  and  two  feet. 

Combien  de  mains  avez-vous?  J'ai  deux 
mains,  la  main  droite  et  la  main  gauche. 

How  many  hands  have  you?  I  have  two  hands,  the 
right   hand   and   the   left   hand. 

Combien  de  pieds  avez-vous?  J'ai  deux 
pieds,  le  pied  droit  et  le  pied  gauche. 

How  many  feet  have  you?  I  have  two  feet,  the  right 
foot  and  the  left  foot. 

Chaque  main  a  cinq  doigts.    Nous  avons 
dix  doigts. 

Each  hand  has  five  fingers.     We  have  ten  fingers. 

Combien  d'yeux  avez-vous?  J'ai  deux 
yeux,  l'ceil  droit  et  l'ceil  gauche. 

How  many  eyes  have  you?  I  have  two  eyes,  the  right 
eye  and  the  left  eye. 

Pourquoi  avons-nous  des  mains?  Nous 
avons  des  mains  pour  toucher  et  pour 
prendre. 

Why  have  we  hands?  We  have  hands  to  touch  (with) 
and  to  take   (with}. 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  faites  avec  les  mains? 

What  is   it  you   do   with  the  hands? 

Que  faites-vous  avec  les  mains? 

What  do  you    (do)   with  the  hands? 

Je  touche,  je  prends.  —  Je  tiens  les  objets. 

I  touch,  I  take.  —  I  hold  the  objects. 

Je  couds,  j'ecris,  je  joue,  nous  jouons. 

I  sew,   I  write,  I  play,   we  play. 

Nous  prenons  —  vous  prenez. 

We  take  —  you  take. 


"OUR    METHOD"  23 

Pourquoi     avons-nous     des     pieds     et     des 
jambes? 

Why  have  we  feet  and  legs? 

Nous  avons  des  pieds  et  des  jambes  pour 
marcher,  pour  courir. 

We  have  feet  and  leg's  to  walk   (with),  to  run  (with). 

Que  faites-vous  avec  vos  pieds? 

What  do  you   (do)  with  your  feet? 

Avec  mes  pieds,  je  marche,  je  cours. 

With  my  feet,   I  walk,   I  run. 

Pourquoi  avons-nous  des  yeux? 

Why  have  we  eyes? 

Nous  avons  des  yeux  pour  regarder,  pour 
voir. 

We  have   eyes   to   look,   to   see    (with). 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  faites  avec  les  yeux? 

What     is   it  you   do  with   the   eyes? 

Avec  les  yeux,  je  regarde,  je  vois. 

With  the  eyes,  I  look,  I  see. 

Je  ferme  et  j'ouvre  les  yeux. 

I  close  and  I  open  the  eyes. 

Nous  avons  des  oreilles  pour  entendre. 

We  have  ears  to  hear. 

Que  faisons-nous  avec  les  oreilles? 

"What  do  we  do  with  the  ears? 

Avec  les  oreilles,  nous  ecoutons,  nous  en- 
tendons. 

With  the  ears,  we  listen,  we  hear. 

Pourquoi  avons-nous  un  nez? 

Why  have  we  a  nose? 

Nous  avons  un  nez  pour  respirer  et  pour 
sentir. 

We  have  a  nose  to  breathe  (with)  and  to  smell  (with). 

Que  faites-vous  avec  le  nez?  Avec  le  nez, 
je  respire,  je  sens,  nous  sentons. 

What  do  you  (do)  with  the  nose?  With  the  nose, 
I  breathe,  I  smell,  we  smell. 

Pourquoi   avons-nous    une    bouche?  Nous 

avons  une  bouche  pour  manger.  Nous 

avons  une  langue  et  des    levres  pour 
parler. 

Why  have  we  a  mouth?  We  have  a  mouth  to  eat 
(with).  We  have  a  tongue  and  lips  to  speak 
with.     4 


24  "OUR     METHOD 


VOCABULA1RE 

La  tete the  head 

'oeil   (m.),  les  yeux the  eye,  the  eyes 

e  nez  the  nose 

a   bouche    the  mouth 

es  oreilles  (f.)    the  ears 

e  front    the  forehead 

e  menton    the  chin 

a  figure    the  face 

a    langue    the  tongue 

es  levres   (f.)    the  lips 

es   dents    (f.)    the  teeth 

es  cils  (m.)    the  eyelashes 

es  sourcils  (m.)   the  eyebrows 

es  narlnes   (f.)    the  nostrils 

es  paupieres  (f.)    the  eyelids 

e  cou   the  neck 

a    gorge    the  throat 

a  poitrine,  le  sein   the  chest,  breast 

'estomac    (m.)    the  stomach 

e  coeur   the  heart 

es    poumons    the  lungs 

e  dos   the  back 

'epaule   (f.)    the  shoulder 

e  bras   the  arm 

e  poignet   ....the  wrist 

a   main    the  hand 

e  doigt   the  finger,  toe 

e  poing the  fist 

es  ongles   .the  nails 

e  pouce the  thumb 

'index the  index 

e    petit   doigt    the  small  finger 

e   genou    the  knee 

i  genoux   on  one's  knees  — 

kneeling 

a  cheviNe  the  ankle 

a  cuisse   the  thigh 

a  jam  be    the  leg 

e    pied     the  foot 

courir,  je  cours  to  run,  I  run 

pourquoi     why 

est-ce  que is  it  that 

qu'est-ce  que    what  is  it  that 

que what  (also:  "that") 

faire,  je  fais to  do,  to  make,  I  do 

vous  faites   you  do,  yousmake 


"OUR     METHOD"  25 

regarder to  look 

je  regarde I  look 

voir,  je  vois   to  see,  I  see 

respirer to  breathe 

je   respire    I  breathe 

sentir,  je  sens   to  feel,  to  smell,  I  feel 

manger  . to  eat 

je  mange  I  eat 

mordre,  je  mords  to  bite,  I  bite 

les  sens   the  senses 

la  vue the   sight 

I'ouie    (f.) the  hearing 

I'odorat   (m.)    the  smell 

le  toucher  the  touch 

le  gout the  taste 

avoir  I'ouTe  dure   to  be  hard  of  hearing 

avoir  I'ouTe  fine   to  have  an  acute  hear- 
ing 

avoir  la  vue  longue   to  be  far  sighted 

avoir  la  vue  basse   to  be  near  sighted 

avoir  bon   gout   have  good  taste 

aveugle blind 

sourd (e)  deaf 

muet    (muette)    dumb 

sourd-muet deaf  and  dumb 

la   cecite    the  blindness 

la   surdite .the  deafness 

le  mutisme   the  dumbness 

le  palais the  palate 

gouter to  taste 

sensible sensitive 

insensible insensible,  senseless 

sense sensible 

f ou  mad,  insane 

esprit spirit,  wit 

ame soul 

intelligence intelligence 


26  "OUR     MET  HO  D  " 

GRAMMAIRE 

Plural  of  nouns  —  Partitive  article 

The  plural  of  nouns  is  generally  formed  by  adding 
an  s: 

Le  livre  —  les  livres; 
La  table  —  les  tables. 

Words  ending  in  s,  x,  z,  do   not    change    in    the 

plural. 
Ex.:    Le  bras  —  les  bras; 

le  nez  —  les  nez. 
Words  ending  in  "eau"  and  "eu"  take  an  x: 

Le  chapeau  —  les  chapeaux. 

Le  feu  — •  les  feux. 
Many  words  ending  in  "al"  and  "ail"  change  "al" 

in  "aux". 

le  cheval  —  les  chevaux 

l'animal  —  les  animaux. 

le  general  —  les  generaux. 

le  travail  — >  les  travaux 
Except:  le  bal  —  les  bals 

le  carnaval  —  les  carnavals. 

festival,  chacal,  regal. 
Words  in  "ou"  take  s:  les  clous  (nails). — Except: 

bijou       (jewel),      chou       (cabbage),      caillou 

(pebble),   genou    (knee)    joujou    (toy),     hibou 

(owl),  pou   (louse),  which  take  an  x:   les  bi- 
joux, les  poux. 

Plural  of  compound  nouns. 

When  a  compound  word  is  formed  of  two  substan- 
tives, or  of  a  substantive   and  an  adjective, 
both  take  the  plural  form. 
Ex.:    les  choux-fleurs  —  (cauliflowers,  choufleurs) 

les  belles-meres  —  (mothers  in  law) 
Exceptions — 

When  the  two  substantives  are  united  by  a 
preposition,    only   the   first   takes   the   plural 
form. 
Ex.:     les  chefs-d'oeuvre  —  (masterpieces) 

les  arcs-en-ciel  —  (rainbows) 
When  the  compound  word  is  formed  of  a  verb  and 
a  substantive,  the  substantive  only  takes  the 
plural  form. 
Ex.:     les  tire-bouchons  —  (cork  screws) 
les  couvre-pieds  —   (coverlets) 
les  cure-dents  —  (tooth  picks) 


"OUR    METHOD"  27' 

Partitive  article:  some  —  any 
Article  partitif:  du  —  de  la  — des 

When  a  noun  expresses  a  totality,  a  generality, 
we  use  the  definite  article: 

Ex.:   j'aime  le  pain  —  I  like  bread   (in  general). 

But,  if  you  wish  to  say:  I  want  bread,  you  would 
mean:  some,  a  portion,  a  part  only,  and  that 
is  expressed  by  some,  any  in  English,  and  in 
French  as  follows: 

For  the  masculine:  "du",  which  is  a  contraction 
of  "de  le".   Ex.:  Je  veux  du  pain. 

For  the  feminine:  "de  la".  Ex.:  Je  veux  de  la 
viande. 

Before  vowels:    "  de   I'".     Ex.:   Je  veux  de   I'eau. 

For  the  plural  of  both  genders:  "des",  a  contrac- 
tion of  "de  les".     Ex.:  des  livres. 

The  partitive  article  must  always  be  expressed 
in  French  —  even  when  unexpressed  in  Eng- 
lish:  I  want  bread  —  Je  veux  du  pain. 

When  the  noun  in  the  partitive  is  not  expressed, 
we  use  in  French  "en",  meaning  "some  of  it". 

Ex.:  Voulez-vous  du  pain?    Merci,  j'en  ai  (I  have 
some  of  it.) 
Combien  de  livres  avez-vous?     J'en  ai  trois — 

I  have  three  (of  them). 

Exceptions:  "de"  is  used  alone  (for  either  mas- 
culine, feminine  or  plural)  in  the  three  follow- 
ing cases: 

1st — After  a  negative. 

Ex.:     J'ai  des  fleurs  —  I  have  flowers 

Je  n'ai  pas  de  fleurs  *—  I  have  no  flowers 

II  y  a  des  livres  —  There  are  books 

II  n'y  a  pas  de  livres  —  There  are  no  books 
Vous  avez  de  la  viande  —  You  have  meat 
Vous  n'avez  pas   de  viande  —  You  have  no 

meat 
Je  veux  de  I'eau  —  I  want  water 
Je  ne  veux  pas  d'eau  —  I  want  no  water 

2nd — After  adverbs  of  quantity: 
beaucoup  —  much 
peu  —  few,  little 
assez  —  enough 

combien  —  how  much,  how  many 
trop  —  too  much,  too  many 
autant  —  as  much,  as  many 
plus  —  more. 


28  "OUR     METHOD" 

Ex.:  J'ai  beaucoup  d'amis  —  I  have  many  friends 
II  a  assez  de  viande  —  He  has  enough  meal 
J'ai  trop  de  pain  —  I  have  too  much  bread 
Combien    d'argent   avez-vous?  —   How   much 

money  have  you*: 

3rd — Before  an  adjective. 

Ex.:  J'ai  des  fleurs  —  I  have  flowers 

J'ai  de  belles  fleurs — I  have  beautiful  flowers 

II  a  des  livres  —  He  has  books 

II  a  de  bons  livres  —  He  has  good  books 

The  possessive  form  u  'S  "  in  English  is  translated 
by  "du",  "de  la",  "des",  "de". 

Ex.:   My  brother's  gun  — 
Le  fusil  de  mon  frere. 
The  captain's  orders  — 
Les  ordres  du  capitaine. 

De  is  used  in  examples  as  such: 

Une  robe  de  soie  — 

A  dress  of  silk   (silk  dress). 

Une  feuille  de  papier  — 

A  sheet  of  paper. 

Une  plume  d'or  — 

A  pen  of  gold. 

Un  panier  de  fleurs  — 

A  basket  of  flowers. 

Un  pot  de  lait  — 

A  pot  of  milk. 

But  in  the  following,  "a"  is  used: 

Ex.:   Un  pot  a  lait  — 
A  milk  pot. 
Du  papier  a  lettre  — 
Letter  paper. 

So  we  see  that  "de"  is  used  before  words  denot 
ing  substance  or  contents  and  "a"  before 
words  denoting  purpose  —  use. 

"To  the"  —  "at  the"  —  are  translated  by: 
au  —  for  the  masculine, 
a  la  —  for  the  feminine, 
a  I'  —  before  vowels, 
aux  —  for  the  plural. 
au  livre  —  to  the  book 
aux  livres  —  to  the  books. 


"OUR    METHOD"  29 

TROISIEME   LEQON 
Third  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

LA  NOURRITURE,  ARBRES,  FLEURS 

Food,  trees,  flowers 

Avez-vous  faim? 

Have   you   hunger?      (Are  you   hungry?) 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  avez? 

What  is  it  you  have?  —  What  is  the  matter  with  you? 

Qu 'avez-vous?  —  J'ai  faim. 

What  have  you?  —  I  have  hunger  (I  am  hungry). 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  voulez? 

What  is  it  you  want   (wish)? 

Que  voulez-vous? 

What   want   or  wish  you? 

Je  veux  manger. 

I  want  to  eat. 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  voulez  manger? 

What   is   it   you   want   to   eat? 

Que  voulez-vous  manger? 

What  do  you  want  to  eat? 

Je  veux  manger  du  pain,  du  beurre  et  du 
fromage. 

I  want  to  eat  (some)  bread,  butter  (some  butter)   and 
cheese. 

Voulez-vous  aussi  un  morceau  de  viande? 

Do   you   also    want   a   piece   of   meat? 

Oui.    Donnez-moi  de  la  viande,  des  legumes 
et  des  fruits. 

Yes.      Give  me  some  meat,  some  vegetables  and  fruit. 

Avez-vous  soif? 

Have  you   thirst?    (Are   you   thirsty?) 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  avez? 

What  is  it  you   have? 

Qu'avez-vous?  —  J'ai  soif. 

What  have  you?  —  I  have  thirst   (I  am  thirsty). 

Voulez-vous  boire? 

Do  you  want  to   drink? 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  voulez  boire? 

What  is  it  you  want  to  drink? 

Que  voulez-vous  boire? 

What  do  you  want   to  drink? 


30  "OUR    METHOD" 

Je  veux  boire  de  l'eau. 

I  want  to  drink  water. 

Voulez-vous  du  vin,  de  la  biere,  du  cafe,  du 
lait  ou  du  the? 

Do  you  want  wine,    (some)   beer,  coffee,  milk  or  tea? 

Donnez-moi  un  verre  de  vin. 

Give  me  a  glass  of  wine. 

S'il  vous  plait.  —  Merci. 

If  you  please.  —  Thank  you. 

Au  restaurant  —  At  the  restaurant 
Gargon — apportez-moi  la  carte. 

Waiter — bring-  me  the  bill  of  fare. 

Apportez-nous  de  la  soupe  (etc.). 

Bring  us  some  soup    (etc.). 

Goutez  cette  soupe;  elle  est  bonne. 

Taste  this  soupe;   it  is  good. 

Qu'en  pensez-vous?  —  Est-ce  bon? 

What  do  you  think  of  it?  —  Is  it  good? 

Je  la  trouve  delicieuse. 

I  find  it  delicious. 

Pour  moi,  elle  manque  de  sel,  de  poivre ;  elle 
n'est  pas  assez  salee,  pas  assez  relevee. 

For  me  (my  taste)  it  lacks  salt,  pepper;  it  is  not  salted 
enough  —  not  spicy  enough. 

Quel  plat  sucre  avez-vous  pour  dessert? 

What  sweets  (or  dessert)  have  you? 

Quels  vins  voulez-vous? 

What  wines  do  you  wish? 

Du  vin  blanc — du  vin  rouge. 

White  wine  —  Red  wine. 

Apportez-moi  l'addition.  —  C'est  bien. 

Bring  me   the   bill.   —  That's   good,   allright. 

Un  pourboire   (pourboire). 

A   tip. 

VOCABULAIRE 

La  faim   , .  .the  hunger, 

j'ai   faim .1  am  hungry 

la   soif    the  thirst 

manger -to  eat 

boire   to  drink 

avoir  soif    .... to  be  thirsty 

le  pain   the  bread 

les  legumes  (m.) ... . .  the  vegetables 

la    viande    ...the  meat 


"OUR     METHOD"  31 

de  I'eau    (some)    water 

le  vin    the  wine 

la   biere    the  beer 

le  the   the  tea 

le  cafe    the  coffee 

le  cafe  au   lait   coffee  and  milk 

le    lait    the  milk 

le  chocolat   the  chocolate 

une  tasse  de  the   a  cup  of  tea 

cuire to  cook   . 

frire to  fry 

les   ceufs    the  eggs 

un  ceuf an  egg 

des  ceufs  a  la  coque boiled  eggs 

des  ceufs  sur  le  plat fried  eggs 

des  ceufs  et  du  jambon  .  .  .ham  and  eggs 

des  ceufs  brouilles   scrambled  eggs 

le    sucre    the  sugar 

le  beurre   the  butter 

le  fromage    the  cheese 

la  creme the  cream 

mettre  la  table   to  set  the  table 

la   nappe the  tablecloth 

la    serviette    the  napkin 

le   plat    the  dish,  platter 

I'assiette  (f.)    the  plate 

la  fourchette    the  fork 

la  cuiller   the  spoon 

le    couteau    the  knife 

le  verre    the  glass 

la  tasse  —  la  soucoupe. . .  .the  cup  —  the  saucer 

du  sel   some  salt 

du  poivre some   pepper 

de    I'huile    some  oil 

le  vinaigre    the  vinegar 

la  salade   the  salad 

des  pommes  de  terre 

f rites fried  potatoes 

pommes  de  terre  au  four,  baked  potatoes 

le    boucher    the  butcher 

le   charcutier   the  pork  butcher 

I'epicier  (m.)   the  grocer 

le  fruitier   the  fruit  dealer 

le  boulanger the  baker 

le  bceuf   the  beef 

le   veau the  veal 

decouper. to  carve 

servir to  serve 

verser v ......  ? to  pour  out 


32  "OUR     METHOD" 

r6tir. to  roast 

un    roti a  roast 

le  mouton    the  mutton 

I'agneau   the  lamb 

le   bifteck    the  steak 

les  cotelettes  (f.)    the  chops 

le  pore   the  pork 

la  saucisse    the  sausage 

le  saucisson    the  sausage 

le  jambon the  ham 

les  epices  (f.) the   spices 

le  gingembre    the  ginger 

le  rlz the  rice 

le  gateau   the  cake 

la  pate  the  dough  —  paste 

les  bonbons the  candies 

la  glace   the  ice,   ice-cream 

prendre  une  glace to  take  an  ice-cream 

la  volaille   the  poultry 

le  gibier the  game 

le  poulet    the  chicken 

la  poule   the  hen 

le  coq   the  rooster 

la  dinde  —  le  dindon   the  turkey 

le  pigeon -the  pigeon,  the  squab 

le  canard  the  duck 

le  caneton   the  duckling 

le  canard  sauvage the  wild  duck 

le  faisan    the  pheasant 

le   lapin    the  rabbit 

le  lievre  the  hare 

le  poisson    • . .  .the  fish 

la  truite  the  trout 

le  saumon   the  salmon 

la  sole the  sole 

les  huftres  (f.) the  cysters 

les  moules   (f.)    the  mussels 

le  homard   the  lobster 

les  crevettes  (f.)    the  shrimps 

les  ecrevisses   (f.)    the  crawfish 

le  crabe  •  •  the  crab 

le   fruit    the  fruit 

la  pomme    •  the  apple 

le  pommier  the  apple  tree 

la   poire   the  pear 

le  poirier  ... the  pear  tree 

Porange  (f .)    ... the  orange 

Toranger  (m.)    the  orange  tree^ 

la   peche    the  peach 


"OUR     METHOD"  33 

e  pecher the  peach  tree 

'abricot    (m.)     the  apricot 

'abricotier the  apricot  tree 

e   citron    the  lemon 

a   cerise    -the  cherry 

e  cerisier   the  cherry  tree 

a   f raise    the  strawberry 

e  fraisier   the  strawberry  plant 

a   framboise    the  raspberry 

a    groseille    the  currant 

a  figue   the  fig 

a    prune    the  plum 

e  prunier   the  plum  tree 

a   mure    the  mulberry 

a   banane    the  banana 

a  datte   the  date 

'ananas  (m.)    the  pineapple 

es  noix   (f.)    the  nuts 

es  amandes  (f.)    the  almonds 

es  noisettes   (f.)    the  hazelnuts 

es  marrons  (m.)    the  chestnuts 

es  legumes the  vegetables 

es  petits  pois   the  peas 

es  haricots the  beans 

e   chou    the  cabbage 

e   chou-fleur    the  cauliflower 

e  navet  the  turnip 

a  carotte    the  carrot 

a    laitue    the  lettuce 

e  cresson   the  watercress 

a  pomme  de  terre   the  potato 

J"   arbre    a  tree 

e  chene the  oak  tree 

e   peuplier    the  poplar 

'olivier .the  olive  tree 

e    marronnier    the  chestnut  tree 

e   tilleul    the  linden  tree 

e    palmier    the  palm  tree 

e  rosier the  rose  bush 

a  rose   the  rose 

'ceillet  (m.)    the  carnation 

a  violette  the  violet 

a  pensee the  pansy 

'heliotrope  (m.)   the  heliotrope 

e  myosotis  ou 
ne  m'oubliez  pas    forget  me  not 

le  lilas   the  lilac 

fane  faded 

f IStri  withered 


34  "OUR     METHOD" 

frais  (fratche  (f.) fresh 

le  muguet   lily  of  the  valley 

le  dahlia    the  dahlia 

le  chrysantheme the  chrysanthemum 

le  lys   (lis)    the  lily 

cueillir  des  fleurs    to  pick  flowers 

le  bouton   the  bud 

en  bouton   in  bud 

arroser  les  fleurs   to  water  the  flowers 

I'arrosoir watering   pot 

planter  —  semer   to  plant  —  to  sow 

GRAMMAIRE 

Interrogative  forms: 
Donnez-vous?  —  Do  you  give? 
Est-ce  que  vous  donnez?  —  Do  you  give? 
Voulez-vous?  —  Do  you  wish? 
Est-ce  que  vous  voulez?  —  Do  you  wish? 
From  the  above  examples,  it  is   seen  that  there 
are  in  French  two  interrogative  forms:    one 
which   consists   in   placing   the   subject   after 
the  verb:   "Donnez-vous?".    The  other,  which 
consists  in  using  the  expression  "Est-ce  que", 
while   leaving   the   subject   before   the   verb: 
"Est-ce   que   vous  donnez?". 
"What"   can   thus   be   also  translated  in   the  two 

forms:   Que  and  Qu'est-ce  que. 
Ex.:     Que  voulez-vous?  —  What  do  you  want? 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  voulez?  —  What  do  you 

want? 
Qu'est-ce  que  c'est?  —  What  is  it? 

Present  tense  of  some  verbs  used  in  this  lesson: 
Donner  —  to  give 

je  donne I  give 

tu   donnes   thou  givest 

il    donne    he  gives 

elle  donne  she  gives 

nous   donnons    we  give 

vous  donnez  you  give 

ils    donnent    they  give 

Interrogatively : 

donne-Je? Do  I  give? 

donnes-tu? does  thou  give? 

donne-t-il? .does  he  give? 

donne-t-elle? .does  she  give? 

donnons-nous?   .. .    do  we  give? 

donnez-vous? do  you  give? 

donnent-ils? .do  they  give? 


"OUR     METHOD"  35 

Negatively : 
Je  ne  donne  pas I  do  not  give 

Neg.  interr. 

ne  donnez-vous  pas? Do  you  not  give? 

est-ce  que  vous  ne  don- 

nez  pas Do  you  not  give? 

Notice  the  accent  on  the  "£"  of  the  first  per- 
son —  for  euphony  —  and  the  "T"  added  to  the 
third  person  —  also  for  euphony. 

In  the  First  person  the  form  "Est-ce  que"  is 
preferable:  "Est-ce  que  je  donne?"  instead  of 
"donne-je?". 

Vouloir  —  to  wish,  want 

je  veux  nous  voulons 

tu  veux  vous  voulez 

il  veut  ils  veulent 

Manger  —  eat 

je   mange  nous  mangeons 

tu    manges  vous  mangez 

ii    mange  ils  mangent 

The  "e"  in  nous  mangeons  is  retained  for  the 
sake  of  the  pronunciation  of  the  "g". 

It  must  be  remembered  that  before  "o"  g  has 
the  sound  of  g  in  "girl". 


36  "OUR     METHOD" 

QUATRIEME  LEgON 
Fourth  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 
LA  MAISON  —  The  house 

Voici  ma  maison.  —  Cette  maison  est  a  moi. 

Here   is   my  house.   —   This   house  is   mine. 

Elle  a  deux  etages;  c'est  une  grande  maison. 

It  has  two  floors;  it  is  a  large  house. 

En  bas  il  y  a  l'antichambre,  le  salon,  la  salle 
a  manger,  la  cuisine  et  Toff  ice. 

Down-stairs  there  is  the  hall,  parlor,  dining  room, 
kitchen   and   pantry. 

En  haut  se  trouvent  les  chambres  a  coucher 
et  les  salles  de  bains. 

Up  stairs  are  (one  finds)  the  bed  rooms  and  the  bath 
rooms. 

C'est   simplement   meuble. 

It    is   plainly   furnished. 

Voulez-vous  monter?  —  descendre? 

Do   you  want   to   go   up-stairs?   —   down-stairs? 

Les  fenetres  donnent  d'un  cote  sur  la  rue, 
de  l'autre  sur  le  jardin. 

The  windows  look  on  one  side  on  the  street,  on  the 
other  on  the  garden. 

Les  portes  sont  vitrees. 

The   doors   are   of  glass. 

Les  boiseries  sont  tres  belles. 

The  woodwork  is  beautiful. 

Dans  le  salon  on  regoit  —  on  cause  —  on 
fait  de  la  musique  —  on  danse. 

In  the  parlor,  one  entertains  (converses)  —  has  music 
dances. 

II  y  a  aussi  une  bibliotheque,  dans  laquelle 
on  lit  de  bons  livres  —  on  fait  de  la  lec- 
ture. 

There  is  also  a  library,  in  which  one  reads  good  books 

—  one  does   reading. 

Dans  la  salle  a  manger,  on  prend  les  repas 

—  le  dejeuner  —  le  diner. 

In  the  dining  room,  one  takes  one's  meals,  the  lunch 
(breakfast),   the  dinner. 


"OUR     METHOD"  37 

Dans  la  cuisine,  on  cuit,  on  fait  la  cuisine  — 
on  prepare,  on  assaisonne  les  mets. 

In  the  kitchen,  one  cooks  —  one  prepares,  seasons  the 
dishes. 

Dans  Toff  ice,  on  met  la  vaisselle,  la  verrerie. 

In  the  pantry,   one  puts  the  dishes,   the  glassware. 

Dans  les  chambres  a  coucher,  on  dort  —  on 
va  se  coucher  —  on  se  repose  quand  on 
est  fatigue. 

In  the  bed  rooms,  one  sleeps  —  one  goes  to  bed  — 
one  rests  when  one  is  tired. 

Dans  la  salle  de  bain,  on  se  baigne  —  on 
se  lave  —  on  se  coiffe. 

In  the  bath  room,  one  bathes  —  one  washes  —  dresses 
one's  hair. 

II  y  a  aussi  une  chambre  de  couture,  ou 
Ton  coud. 

There  is  also  a  sewing  room  where  one  sews. 

J'ai  une  machine  a  coudre. 

I  have  a  sewing  machine. 

Avez-vous  de  bons  domestiques?  —  un  bon 
personnel? 

Have  you  good  servants? 

Ma  cuisiniere  est  excellente,  mais  j'ai  du 
renvoyer  ma  femme  de  chambre;  elle 
n'etait  pas  assez  propre  —  elle  etait 
meme  sale. 

My  cook  is  excellent,  but  I  have  had  to  send  away 
my  chamber  maid;  she  was  not  clean  enough  — 
she  was  even  dirty. 

II  faut  bien  faire  les  lits  et  balayer  et  epous- 

seter  les  chambres. 

It  is  necessary  to  make  the  beds  well,  and  to  swTeep 
and  dust  the  rooms. 

II  ne  faut  pas  avoir  peur  de  se  servir  du  ba- 
lai  et  de  la  pelle  —  du  plumeau  —  et 
des  chiffons. 

One  must  not  be  afraid  to  use  the  broom  and  dust 
pan  —  the  duster  and  the  rags. 

II  est  bon  d 'avoir  un  seau  d'eau  tout  pret 
pour  laver  et  nettoyer  les  fenetres. 

It  is  good  to  have  a  bucket  of  water  all  ready  to  wash 
and   clean   windows. 


38  "OUR    METHOD" 

VOCABULAIRE 

le  toit the  roof 

1'escalier  (m.) the  staircase 

les  marches  (f.) the  steps 

la  rampe   the  banister 

le  mur    the  wall 

le  plafond    the  ceiling 

le  plancher   -the  floor 

la  lumiere  electrique the  electric  light 

le  gaz  the  gas 

la  cheminee   the  mantle,  the  chimney 

le   fourneau the  range  —  stove 

le  four   the  oven 

le   bois    the  wood 

le   charbon    the  coal 

la  table    the  table 

la  chaise   the  chair 

le  fauteuil   the  armchair 

le   canape    the  lounge 

le   buffet    the  sideboard 

le  lit  the  bed 

le   drap the  sheet 

la  couverture  the  blanket 

le    matelas    the  mattress 

Poreiller    (m.)    the  pillow 

I'armoire  (f.) the   closet  —  wardrobe 

la  commode the  bureau 

le  tiroir the  drawer 

le  bureau  —  le  secretaire. the  writing  desk 

les  rideaux  (m.)    the  curtains 

la  glace  —  le  miroir the  looking  glass 

la  cour the  yard 

allumer to  light 

eteindre   to  put  out — extinguish 

emmenager to  move  in 

demenager to  move  out 

la  chambre  de  debarras  ..the  store  room 

la  salle  de  bal the  ball  room 

la  salle  de  jeu    the  card  room  (game) 

le  fumoir  the  smoking  room 

jouer  au  billard  to  play  billiards 

jouer  aux  cartes  to  play  cards 

faire  une  partie  de  — play  a  game  of  — 

la  cave the  cellar 

cabinet  de  toilette    dressing  room 

le  jour  de  reception the  reception  day 

day  at  home 

Chambre  a  coucher  —  Bed  room 
avoir  un  bon  lit to  have  a  good  bed 


"OUR     METHOD" 


avez-vous  bien  dormi? have  you  slept  well? 

passer  une  bonne  nuit  ...  .to  have  a  good  night 
rever  —  faire  un  reve   . .  .to  dream  —  have  a 

dream 

avoir  le  cauchemar   to  have   a  nightmare 

se  moucher  .to  blow(wipe)one's  nose 

ronfler   snore 

eternuer to  sneeze 

coudre  a  la  machine   to  sew  on  the  machine 

le  f il   the  thread 

I'aiguille    the  needle 

les  epingles    the  pins 

le  de   the  thimble 

les  ciseaux   the  scissors 

couper   ....to  cut 

batir to  baste 

un   patron    a  pattern 


GRAMMAIRE 

Adjectives 

Demonstrative  adjectives: 

Donnez-moi  ce    (this)   livre,     cette   (this)      plume 
cet  (this)   encrier,  ces  (these)   crayons. 

Cet  (this)  homme,  cette  (this)  femme,  ces  (these 
enfants  sont  mes  voisins   (neighbors). 

Thus.,  the  demonstrative  adjectives  are: 
ce  —  for  the  masculine 
cette  — ■  for  the  feminine 
cet  —  for  the  masculine  before  a  vowel  or  a 

silent  "h". 
ces  — ■  for  the  plural. 

cet  homme-ci  —  cette  femme-la. 
ci  —  la  —  correspond  to  the  English  "here", 
"there"   (this  —  that). 


Possessive  adjectives: 

Mon    (my)    pere  et   ma    (my)    mere. 
Mes  (my)  freres  et  leurs   (their)  amis. 
Cette  femme  et  son  fils  — 
This  woman  and  her  son. 
Cet  homme  et  sa  fille  — 
This  man  and  his  daughter. 


40  "OUR    METHOD." 

Possessive  adjectives: 

masculine :  feminine :  plural : 

mon  —  my  ma  —  my  mes  — ■  my 

ton  —  thy  ta  —  thy  tes  —  thy 

son  —  his,  her  sa  —  his,  her  ses  —  his,  her 

notre  —  our  notre  —  our  nos  — ■  our 

votre  —  your  votre  —  your  vos  — ■  your 

leur  —  their  leur  —  their  leurs  —  their 

Note   that   in  French,   possessives   agree  with 
the  object   possessed  —  not  with  the   possessor. 
Ex.:  son  pere  —  his,  her  father 
sa  mere  —  his,  her  mother. 

The  possessives   must  be  repeated  before   every 

noun: 
Ex.:  mon  pere  et  ma  mere — my  father  and  mother 

Before  a  feminine  word  beginning  with  a  vowel, 
the  masculine  is  used  for  euphony: 
Ex.:      mon  amie   Marie 

son   orange 

ton   image. 

The  most  important   indefinite  adjectives: 

aucun(e)  —  no,  none 

mil,  nulle  —  no 

plusieurs  —  several 

chaque  — ■  each,  every 

autre  — ■  other 

meme  —  same 

quelques  —  some,  a  few 

tout  —  all,  every 

toute  —  all,  every  (fern.) 

tous  —  all,  every  (m.  pi.) 

toutes  —  all,  every  (f.  pi.) 

certain   (e)  —  certain 
Ex.:   quelques  livres  —  a  few  books. 

les   memes   lecons  —  the   same  lessons. 

une  autre  fois  —  another  time. 

tous  les  jours  —  every  day  (all  days). 

NOTE: — After   "tout",   the   article   is    often   used 
as  in: 

tous  les  hommes  —  all  men 
tout  le  monde  —  all  the  world,  everybody. 

When  meaning  "any",  the  article  is  not  used: 
Ex.:    tout  homme  —  any  man 

toute  personne  —  any  woman. 


OUR     METHOD" 


41 


VERBE  AUXILIAIRE  AVOIR 
AUXILIARY  VERB  "TO  HAVE" 

INDICATIF 
TEMPS   SIMPLES  TEMPS   COMPOSES 

Simple  tenses  Compound  tenses 


Present 

I  have,  I  am  having 
J'ai 

Tu  as 

II  a,  el le  a,  on  a 
Nous  avons 
Vous  avez 

lis   (elles)   ont 

Imparfait 

I  had,  I  was  having, 
I  used  to  have 

J'avais 
Tu  avais 

II  (elle)    avait 
Nous  avions 
Vous  aviez 

lis  avaient 

Passe   Defini 
(narrative  past) 

I  had 
J'eus 
Tu   eus 

II  (elle)  eut 
Nous  eumes 
Vous  eutes 
Us  eurent 


Passe  Indefini 

I  have  had 
J'ai  eu 

Tu  as  eu 

II  a  eu 

Nous  avons  eu 
Vous  avez  eu 
Ms  ont  eu 

Plus-que-Parfait 

I  had  had 

J'avais  eu 
Tu  avais  eu 

II  avait  eu 
Nous  avions  eu 
Vous  aviez  eu 
Ms  avaient  eu 

Passe  anterieur 

I  had  had 
J'eus  eu 
Tu  eus  eu 

II  eut  eu 
Nous  eumes  eu 
Vous  eutes  eu 
Ms  eurent  eu 


FUTUR 


Present 

I  will  or  shall  have 
J 'aural 

Tu  auras 

II  aura 
Nous   aurons 
Vous  aurez 
Ms  auront 


Futur  Anterieur 

I  will  or  shall  have  had 
J'aurai  eu 

Tu  auras  eu 

II  aura  eu 
Nous  aurons  eu 
Vous  aurez  eu 
Ms  auront  eu 


42 


OUR    METHOD" 


CONDITIONNEL 

Present 
I  would  or  should 

have 

Passe 
I  would  or  should  have 
had 

J'aurais 
Tu  aurais 
II  aurait 
Nous  aurions 
Vous  auriez 
Ms  auraient 

J'aurais  eu 
Tu   aurais  eu 
II  aurait  eu 
Nous  aurions  eu 
Vous  auriez  eu 
Ms  auraient  eu 

IMPfiRATIF 

have 
Aie 

let  us  have                       have  (you) 
Ayons                                 Ayez 

SUBJONCTIF 


Present 
that  I  may  have 
Que  j'aie 
Que  tu  aies 
Qu'il   (elle)  ait 
Que  nous  ayons 
Que  vous  ayez 
Qu'ils    (elles)    aient 

Imparfait 
that  I  might  have 


Passe 
that  I  may  have  had 
Que  j'aie  eu 
Que  tu  aies  eu 
Qu'il  ait  eu 
Que  nous  ayons  eu 
Que  vous  ayez  eu 
Qu'ils  aient  eu 

Plus-que-Parfait 
that  I  might  have  had 


Que  j'eusse 

Que  j'eusse  eu 

Que  tu  eusses 

Que  tu  eusses  eu 

Qu'il  eut 

Qu'il  eut  eu 

Que  nous  eussions 

Que  nous  eussions  eu 

Que  vous  eussiez 

Que  vous  eussiez  eu 

Qu'ils  eussent 

Qu'ils   eussent   eu 

INFINITIF 

Present 

Passe 

Avoir  —  to  have 

Avoir  eu  —  to  have  hi 

PARTICIPE 

Present 

Passe 

having 

had,  having  had 

Ayant 

Eu,  eue,  ayant  eu 

"OUR    METHOD' 


43 


VERBE   AUXILIAIRE    £TRE 
AUXILIARY   VERB   "TO   BE" 


INDICATIF 


TEMPS  SIMPLES 
Simple  tenses 

Present 

I  am 
Je  suis 
Tu  es 

II  (elle)   est 
Nous  sommes 
Vous  etes 

Ms  sont 

Imparfait 

I  was,  I  used  to  be, 
I  was  being 

J'etais 
Tu   etais 

II  etait 
Nous  etions 
Vous  etiez 
Ms  etaient 

Passe   defini 
(narrative  past) 

I  was 
Je  fus 
Tu  fus 

II  fut 

Nous  fumes 
Vous  futes 
lis  furent 


TEMPS  COMPOSES 
Compound  tenses 

Passe  Indefini 

I  have  been 
J'ai  ete 

Tu  as  ete 

II  a  ete 

Nous  avons  ete 
Vous  avez  ete 
Ms  ont  ete 

Plus-que-Parfait 

I  had  been 

J'avais  ete 
Tu  avais  ete 

II  avait  ete 
Nous  avions  ete 
Vous  aviez  ete 
Ms  avaient  ete 

Passe  anterieur 

I  had  been 
J'eus  ete 
Tu  eus  ete 

II  eut  ete 
Nous  eumes  ete 
Vous  eutes  ete 
Ms  eurent  ete 


Present 

I  will  or  shall  be 
Je  serai 

Tu  seras 

II  sera 
Nous  serons 
Vous  serez 
Ms  seront 


FUTUR 

Futur  Anterieur 

I  will  or  shall  have  been 
J'aurai   ete 

Tu  auras  ete 

II  aura  ete 
Nous  aurons  ete 
Vous  aurez  ete 
Ms  auront  ete 


44 


"OUR     METHOD'1 


CONDITIONNEL 


Present 

I  would  or  should  be 

Je  serais 
Tu  serais 

II  serait 
Nous   serions 
Vous  seriez 
lis  seraient 


PassS 

I  would  or  should  have 
been 

J'aurais  ete 
Tu  aurais  ete 

II  aurait  ete 
Nous  aurions  ete 
Vous  auriez  ete 
lis  auraient  ete 


be    (thou) 
So  is 


IMPeRATIF 

let  us  be 
Soyons 


be    (you) 
Soyez 


Present 
that  I  may  be 
Que  je  sois 
Que  tu  sois 
Qu'il  soit 
Que  nous  soyons 
Que  vous  soyez 
Qu'ils   (elles)   soient 


SUBJONCTIF 

Passe 
that  I  may  have  been 
Que  j'aie   ete 
Que  tu  aies  ete 
Qu'il   ait   ete 
Que   nous  ayons   ete 
Que  vous  ayez  ete 
Qu'ils  aient  ete 


Imparfait 
that  I  might  be 
Que  je  fusse 
Que  tu  fusses 
Qu'il    (elle)   fut 
Que  nous  fussions 
Que  vous  fussiez 
Qu'ils   fussent 

Plus-que-Parfait 
that  I  might  have  been 
Que   j'eusse   ete 
Que  tu  eusses  ete 
Qu'il   eut   ete 
Que  nous  eussions  ete 
Que  vous  eussiez  ete 
Qu'ils   eussent  ete 

INFINITIF 

to  be 
£tre 

Present 

Passe 
to  have  been 
Avoir  ete 

PARTICIPE 

being 
Etant 

Present 

PassS 

been,  having  been 
Ayant  ete 

OUR    METHOD"  45 


CINQUIEME  LEQON 
Fifth  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

LE    NOM    —    L'AGE    —    LA    FAMILLE 
Name  —  Age  —  Family 


Quel  est  votre  nom? 

What   (which)   is  your  name? 

Comment  vous  appelez-vous? 

How  do  you  call  yourself?   (What  is  your  name?) 

Je  m'appelle  Paul. 

I  call  myself  Faul   (My  name  is  Paul). 

Comment  s'appelle  votre  sceur. 

How  does  your  sister  call  herself? 

Elle  s'appelle  Marie. 

Her  name  is  Marie. 

C'est  un  joli  nom. 

It  is  a  pretty  name. 

Quel  age  avez-vous? 

What  age  have  you?    (How   old  are   you?) 

J'ai  vingt  ans. 

I  am  twenty  years  old   (I  have  20  years). 

Etes-vous  plus  age  que  votre  soeur? 

Are  j'ou  older  than  your  sister? 

Non,  je  suis  plus  jeune. 

No,  I  am'  younger. 

Elle  a  vingt-deux  ans. 

She   is   twenty-two   years   old. 

Elle  est  plus  petite  que  moi. 

She  is  smaller  than  I. 

Avez-vous  vos  parents? 

Have  you   your  parents? 

Sont-ils  Americains? 

Are  they  Americans? 

Ma  mere  est  Frangaise.    Elle  est  nee  a  Paris. 

My  mother  is  French.     She  is  (was)  born  in  Paris. 

Mon  pere  est  Anglais.   II  est  ne  a  Londres, 

My  father  is  English.     He  is  (was)  born  in  London. 


46  "OUR    METHOD" 

Mon  frere  est  ne  ici. 

My  brother  is  (was)   born  here. 

Aimez-vous  la  France? 

Do  you  like  France? 

Tout  le  monde  aime  la  France. 

Everybody  loves  France. 

Avez-vous  de  la  famille? 

Have  you  any  relatives? 

J'ai  un  oncle,  une  tante,  deux  cousins,  une 
cousine. 

I  have  an  uncle,  an  aunt,  two  cousins,  a  cousin 
(feminine). 

Je  n'ai  pas  de  neveu,  ni  de  niece. 

I  have  no  nephew  nor  niece. 

J'ai  beaucoup  d'amis. 

I  have  many  friends. 

Etes-vous  marie?  —  Je  vais  me  marier. 

Are  you   married?  —  I   am  going1  to  be   married. 

Ma  fiancee  —  ma  femme. 

My  intended  —  my  wife. 

Mon  fiance  —  mon  mari. 

My  intended  —  my  husband. 

Le  mariage  de  mon  ami  Ernest  va  etre  ce- 
lebre  dans  deux  jours. 

My  friend  Ernest's  wedding  will  be  celebrated  in  two 
days. 

La  ceremonie  religieuse  aura  lieu  a  l'eglise 
de  la  Madeleine. 

The  religious  ceremony  will  take  place  at  the  Church 
of  the  Madeleine. 

Sa  fiancee  est  blonde  et  jolie.  C'est  une 
jeune  fille  tres  bien  elevee.  —  Son  edu- 
cation est  tres  soignee. 

His  intended  is  blond  and  pretty.  She  is  a  very  well 
bred  young  lady.  —  Her  education  has  been 
very  well  directed. 


OUR    METHOD"  47 


VOCABULAIRE 

Quel  (m.),  quelle  (fern.).,  what,  which 

quel    pere    what  father? 

quelle   mere    what  mother? 

appeler to  call 

s'appeler to  call  oneself 

be  called 

le  frere    the  brother 

la  soeur   the  sister 

I'oncle the  uncle 

la  tante   the  aunt 

le  cousin   the  cousin 

la  couslne   the  cousin  (fern.) 

I'ami    the  friend 

I'amie   the  friend   (fern.) 

Tan  (m.)   the  year 

Page  (m.)   the  age 

jeune young 

age old 

moi me 

plus  que    more  than 

les  parents the  parents 

les  beaux-parents  parents  in  law 

le  gendre  son  in  law 

la  bru daughter  in  law 

ne born 

grand   —  grande    (fern.).. tall 

petit  —  petite  (fem.)    ....small,  little 

ici here 

la  famille family  —  relatives 

le   neveu    nephew 

se  marier to  marry — get'  married 

epouser get  married  to 

le  mari  —  I'epoux the  husband 

la  femme  —  Tepouse    ...the  wife 

la  niece   the  niece 

ni   neither,  nor 

beaucoup .much,  many 

le    lieu the  place 

avoir  lieu    to  take  place 

aura   lieu    will  take  place 

a  eu  lieu   has  taken  place 


48  "OUR     METHOD" 

GRAMMAIRE 

Verbe:   £tre  —  To  be 

interrog.  and  negative 
Interrogatively : 

Suis-je?   Am  I? 

es-tu    art  thou? 

est-il?,  est-elle?   is  he?  —  is  she? 

sommes-nous?    are  we? 

etes-vous? are  you? 

sont-ils?      sont-elles?    ....  are  they? 
Negatively: 

Je  ne  suis   pas    1  am  not 

tu  n'es  pas   thou  art  not 

il    n'est   pas    he  is  not 

nous  ne  sommes  pas   ....we  are  not 

vous   n'etes   pas    you  are  not 

ils  ne  sont  pas   they  are  not 

Avoir  —  Have 

Interrogatively: 

Ai-je? Have  I? 

as-tu ?   hast  thou? 

a-t-il?      a-t-elle?    has  he?  —  has  she? 

avons-nous?   .have  we? 

avez-vous? have  you? 

ont-ils?    ont-elles?  have  they? 

Negatively: 

Je  n'ai  pas   I  have  not 

tu  n'as  pas   thou  hast  not 

il   n'a   pas    he  has  not 

nous  n'avons  pas   we  have  not 

vous  n'avez  pas   you  have  not 

ils  n'ont  pas they  have  not 

n'ai-je  pas? have  I  not? 

Qualifying  adjectives  and  comparatives 

In  French,  adjectives  agree  in  gender  and  number 
with  the  noun,  the  feminine  being  generally 
formed  by  adding  an  "e",  unless  the  word 
ends  with  "e'%  in  which  case  it  remains  the 
same.  —  (The  plural  is  generally  formed  by 
adding  an  "s'\  —  Same  rule  as  for  nouns.) 

Ex.:       masculine  feminine  plural 

grand  grande  grands,  grandes 

poli  polie  polis,  polies 

petit  petite  petits,  petit es 

jeune  jeune  jeunes 


"OUR    METHOD"  49 

The  exceptions  to  this  rule  are  many;    a  few  of 

them  are  as  follows: 

adjectives  ending  in  "x"  change  the  x  into  se 
Ex.:  heureux  —  heureuse  (happy) 

serieux  —  serieuse  (serious) 
faux  (false),    roux  (reddish),    doux  (sweet)  form 

the  feminine  thus:    fausse,  rousse,  douce. 

Adjectives  ending  in  "f"  form  the  feminine  in  "ve" 
neuf   (new)   —  neuve 
veuf  —  veuve   (widowed) 
actif  —  active 

Adjectives  in  "er"  form  their  feminine  in  "ere" 
Ex.:  leger  — ■  legere 

premier  — ■  premiere 

Adjectives  in  "el"  double  the  "I"  and  add  "e" 
Ex.:      cruel  —  cruelle 

Adjectives    ending   in   "et"    double   the   "t"      and 

add  "e" 
Ex.:     coquet  —  coquette 

beau  —  fou  —  mou  —  nouveau  —  vieux  —  before 
a  vowel  or  silent  "h"  are:  bel  —  fol  —  mol  — 
nouvel  —  vieil. 

Ex.:     un  bel  homme 
un  fol  espoir 

Some  irregularities  in  adjectives: 

masculine     feminine 

bon  —  bonne   good 

beau  —  belle   beautiful 

nouveau  —  nouvelle   new 

gros  —  grosse fat,    stout 

epais  —  epaisse .thick 

fou  —  fclle    mad 

vieux  —  vieille old 

mou  —  molle  soft 

gentil  —  gentille    nice 

sot  —  sotte    silly 

pareil  —  pareille   same 

complet  —  complete   complete 

inquiet  —  inquiete restless 

secret  —  secrete   secret 

discret  —  discrete   discreet 

frais  —  fratche .fresh 

blanc  —   blanche white 

etc. 


50  "OUR    METHOD" 

Couleurs  —  Colors 

noir  —  noire   black 

rouge  —  rouge   red 

blanc  —  blanche white 

bleu  —  bleue .blue 

gris  —  grlse gray 

vert  —  verte   green 

rose  —  rose  pink 

jaune  —  jaune    yellow 

marron  —  marron   chestnut 

brun  —  brune   brown 

Formes  —  Shapes 

rond    (e) round 

carre    (e)    square 

pointu    (e) pointed 

ovale    oval 

Adjectives  are  placed  sometimes  before,  some- 
times after  the  nouns.  The  following  usually 
precede: 

bon   (good)  gros  (big) 

grand   (tall,  large)  mauvais    (bad) 

vilaln  (ugly)  petit    (small) 

joli   (pretty)  beau    (beautiful) 

premier   (first)  dernier  (last) 

nouveau   (new)  vieux   (old) 

Adjectives     denoting     color,     shape,     nationality, 

follow  the  noun: 
Ex.:    une  robe   bleue 

une   grammaire   francaise 

une    table    ronde. 

Ordinals  precede  the  nouns. 
Ex. :la  deuxieme  fois  (time) 

la  troisieme    lecon. 
In  most  other  cases,  the  taste  of  the  writer    or 

speaker  decides: 
Ex.:   une  harmonie  suave 

une  suave  harmonie 
Some  adjectives  change  their  meaning  according 

to  their  place: 
Ex.:  grand  homme  —  great  man 

homme  grand  —  tall  man 

honnete  homme  —  honest  man 

homme   honnete  —  courteous  man 

braves  gens  —  good  people 

un  homme  brave  —  brave  man 

mechante  epigramme  —  poor  epigram 

epigramme  mechante  —  mean,  vicious 


"OUR     METHOD"  51 

The   comparative   is   formed    by   means    of   "plus 
que"  (more  than) : 
plus  grand  que  — -  taller  than 
moins  que  —  less  than 

The  comparative  of  equality  is   formed  with  the 

words:  "aussi  —  que". 
Ex.:     Mon  livre  est  aussi  grand  que  le  votre. 
My  book  is  as  large  as  yours. 

The  "superlative"  form  is: 

le   plus 
le  moins 

plus  petit  que  —  smaller  than 
plus  joli  que  —  prettier  than 
plus  mauvais  que  —  worse  than 
le  plus  joli  —  the  prettiest 
le  plus  petit  —  the  smallest 

Some  are  irregularly  formed,  as: 

Bon  —  meilleur  —  le   meilleur 
good  —  better  —  the  best 
mauvais  —  pire  —  le  pire 
bad  —  worse  —  the  worst 

The  adverb  "bien"   (well)  is  compared  thus: 

bien  —  mieux  —  le  mieux 

well  —  better  —  the  best 

Mai  —  pis  —  le   pis 

bad,  badly  —  worse  —  the  worst. 


52  "OUR     METHOD" 

SIXIEME  LEgON 
Sixth  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 
LES      JOURS,       LES      MOIS,      LES        SAISONS, 
L'HEURE,    LES    MESURES,    LES    NOMBRES    ET 

LA  MONNAIE 
Days,    months,    seasons,    time,    numbers    and    coin 

(or  money) 

Savez-vous  les  noms  des  jours? 

Do  you   know    (know  you)    the  names   of  the  days? 

Quels  sont  les  noms  des  jours  de  la 
semaine? 

What  (which)  are  the  names  of  the  days  of  the  week? 

Je  sais  les  noms  des  jours  de  la  semaine. 

I  know  the  names  of  the  days  of  the  week. 

II  y  a  sept  jours  dans  une  semaine. 

There  are  (is)  seven  days  in  a  week. 

Quels  sont-ils? 

What   (which)   are  they? 

Les  jours  de  la  semaine  sont:  lundi,  mardi, 
mercredi,  jeudi,  vendredi,  samedi,  di- 
manche. 

The  days  of  the  week  are:  Monday,  Thuesday,  Wed- 
nesday,  Thursday,   Friday,    Saturday,   Sunday. 

L'annee  est  divisee  en  mois. 

The  year  is  divided   into  months. 

En  combien  de  mois? 

In    (into)    how   many   months? 

II  y  a  douze  mois  dans  l'annee. 

There   are   (is)   twelve   months  in  a  year. 

Les  mois  de  l'annee  sont:  Janvier,  fevrier, 
mars,  avril,  mai,  juin,  juillet,  aout,  sep- 
tembre,  octobre,  novembre,  decembre. 

The  months  of  the  year  are:  January,  february,  march, 
april,  may,  June,  July,  august,  September,  Oc- 
tober,  november,   december. 

L'annee  est  divisee  en  quatre  saisons: 

The  year  is  divided   into  four  seasons. 

Savez-vous  les  noms  des  saisons? 

Do  you  know  the  names  of  the  seasons? 

Les  quatre  saisons  sont:  le  printemps,  l'ete, 
l'automne,  l'hiver. 

The  four  seasons  are:  spring,  summer,  autumn,  winter. 


"OUR     METHOD"  53 

Combien  de  jours  y  a-t-il  dans  un  mois? 

How  many  days  are  there  in  a  month? 

II  y  a  trente  jours  dans  un  mois.    Quelques 
mois  ont  trente  et  un  jours. 

There  are  thirty  days.      Some  months  have   thirty-one 
days. 

Combien  d 'heures  y  a-t-il  dans  un  jour? 

How  many  hours  are  there  in  a  day? 

II  y  vingt-quatre  heures  dans  un  jour. 

There  are  twenty-four  hours  in   a  day. 

Le  jour  est  divise  en  quatre  parties:  le  ma- 
tin; l'apres-midi;  le  soir  et  la  nuit. 

The    day    is    divided    into    four    parts:    morning-,    after- 
noon, evening-  and  night. 

Savez-vous  dire  l'heure  en  frangais? 

Do  you  know  (how)  to  tell  the  time  in  French? 

Oui,  je  sais  dire  l'heure. 

Yes  I  know    (how)   to  tell  the  time. 

Quelle  heure  est-il? 

What  time  is  it? 

II  est  une  heure.  —  II  est  deux  heures. 

It  is  one  o'clock.  —  It  is  two   o'clock. 

II  est  midi.  —  II  est  minuit. 

It   is  noon.  —  It  is  midnight. 

II  est  une  heure  et  demie. 

It  is  half  past  one. 

II  est  trois  heures  et  quart. 

It  is  a  quarter  past  three. 

II  est  cinq  heures  dix. 

It  is  ten  minutes  past  five. 

II  est  six  heures  vingt. 

It  is  twenty  minutes  past  six. 

II  est  midi  vingt-cinq. 

It   is   twenty-five   minutes    past   twelve. 

II  est  quatre  heures  moins  cinq. 

It  is  five  minutes  to  four. 

II  est  huit  heures  moins  dix. 

It  is  ten  minutes  to  eight. 

II  est  neuf  heures  moins  vingt-cinq. 

It  is  twenty-five  minutes  to  nine. 

II  est  midi  moins  le  quart.* 

It  is  a  quarter  to  twelve. 

II  est  une  heure  du  matin. 

It   is  one  o'clock  in  the   morning. 


54  "OUR     METHOD" 

II  est  cinq  heures  du  soir. 

It  is  five  o'clock  in   the  evening. 

II  est  de  bonne  heure.  —  II  est  tard. 

It  is  early.  —  It  is  late. 

II  n'est  que  six  heures. 

It  is  but  six  o'clock. 

Ne  venez  qu'a  la  derniere  reunion. 

Come   only    (but)   at  the   last  meeting. 

Venez  de  bonne  heure. 

Come  early. 

Ne  venez  pas  tard.  —  Vous  etes  en  retard. 

Do  not  come  late.  —  You  are  late. 

Venez  plus  tot  la  prochaine  fois. 

Come  earlier  next  time. 

Dans  huit  jours,  —  Dans  une  huitaine,  une 
quinzaine. 

In  a  week.  —  In  about  a  week,   in  about  two  weeks. 

Aujourd'hui  en  huit.  —  Demain  en  quinze. 

A  week  from  today.  —  Two  Weeks  from  to-morrow. 

II  y  a  eu  huit  jours  hier. 

Yesterday  a  week  ago. 

La  derniere  fois. 

Last  time. 

La  prochaine  fois.    Une  autre  fois. 

Next  time.      Some  other  time. 

N.  B. — 5  heures  du  soir  fait  maintenant  17  heures, 
les  heures  se  comptant  en  Francais  depuis 
quelques  annees  de  1  du  matin  a  24  du  soir. 

One  often  hears  now  time  expressed  in  the  follow- 
ing manner: 
II  est  treize  heures  — 
It  is  thirteen  o'clock  (1  p.  m.) 
II  est  seize  heures  — 
It  is  sixteen  o'clock  (4  p.  m.). 

Note — ne  que  is  used  for  "but",  "only"  —  ne  is 
placed  before  the  verb,  que  after  the  verb. 
Ex.:     Je  n'ai  qu'un  frere 

I  have  but  one  brother 

VOCABULAIRE 

le  temps the  time 

I'heure    the  hour  —  time 

la  fois  —  cette  fois the  time  —  this  time 

combien  de  fois? how  many  times? 

le    matin    the  morning 

le  soir    the  evening 

I'apres-midi  . .  • afternoon 


"OUR     METHOD"  55 

apres  —  avant   after  —  before 

aujourd'hui   to-day 

hier yesterday 

demain   to-morrow 

apres-demain    day  after  to-morrow 

avant-hier .day  before  yesterday 

il  y  a   there  are  —  there  is 

y  a-t-il?   are  there?  —  is  there? 

il  n'y  a  pas  there  is  not,  there  are 

la  fin    the  end  [not 

la  moitie   the  half 

le    quart    the  quarter 

le  cinquieme    the  fifth 

le   centieme    the  hundredth 

le  tiers -the  third    (fraction) 

deux  fois  deux  font  quatre.  2  times  2  are  4 
combien  font  un  et  deux?. how  much  is  1  and  2? 

la  date  the  date 

les  fetes    the  holidays 

la  fete,  le  jour  de  fete... the  holiday  —  birthday 
anniversaire  de  naissance. birthday 

I'anniversaire  (m.)   ... the  anniversary 

Noel    (la)    Christmas 

la  veilie  de  Noel  Christmas  eve 

le  jour  de  Tan  New  Year's  day 

Paques Easter 

une  fete  nationale   a  national  holiday 

le  quatre  juillet   the  4th  of  July 

le  quatorze  juillet the  14th   of  July 

SPECIAL:          NOMBRES  -—  NUMBERS 

Un 1      vingt 20 

deux 2      vingt-et-un 21 

trois 3      vingt-deux 22 

quatre 4      vingt-trois 23 

cinq 5      vingt-quatre 24 

six 6      vingt-cinq 25 

sept 7  vingt  etc. 

huit 8      trente 30 

neuf 9      trente-et-un 31 

dix 10      trente-deux 32 

onze 11  trente  etc. 

douze 12      quarante 40 

treize 13      quarante-et-un 41 

quatorze 14      quarante-deux 42 

quinze 15  quarante  etc. 

seize 16      cinquante 50 

dix-sept 17  cinquante-et-un  .  .   . .  51 

dix-huit 18  cinquante-deux  .  .   ..  52 

dix-neuf 19  cinquante  etc. 


56  "OUR     METHOD" 

solxante 60      soixante-quinze   ...   75 

soixante-et-un 61      soixante-seize 76 

soixante-deux 62      soixante-dix-sept    ...   77 

soixante  etc.  soixante-dix-huit    ...   78 

soixante-dix 70       soixante-dix-neuf  .  ..   79 

soixante-et-onze  ...    71      quatre-vlngts 80 

soixante-douze  .  .  ..  72  quatre-vingt-un  .  .  ..  81 
soixante-treize  ....  73  quatre-vingt-deux  .  .  82 
soixante-quatorze  .    .    74      quatre-vingt-trois  ...   83 

quatre-vingt-quatre 84 

quatre-vingt-dix 90 

quatre-vingt-onze 91 

quatre-vingt-douze 92 

quatre-vingt-treize 93 

quatre-vingt-quatorze 94 

quatre-vingt-quinze 95 

quatre-vingt-seize 96 

quatre-vingt-dix-sept 97 

quatre-vingt-dix-huit 98 

quatre-vingt-dix-neuf -99 

cent 100 

mille 1000 

un  million    one  million 

un  billion  one  billion 

une   douzaine    a  dozen 

une  vingtaine   about  twenty 

une  centaine  about  a  hundred 

un  millier   about  a  thousand 

ORDINALS 

The  ordinals  are  formed  by  adding  "ieme"  to  the 
number,  except  for: 

premier   (premiere  f.)   —  first 
dernier  —  (last) 
Ex.:   deuxieme  —  second     quatrieme  —  fourth 

troisieme  —   third       centieme  —  a  hundreth 

millieme  —  a  thousandth 
In  dates  we  use  the  ordinal  only  for  first  and  the 

cardinal  for  all  others: 

Le   premier  Mai  —  1st  of  May 

Le  deux  Juin  —  2nd  of  June 

Le  quatre  Juillet  —  4th  of  July 
The  same  rule  applies  to  sovereigns: 

Charles  Premier  —  Charles  1st 

Napoleon   Premier  —  Napoleon  1st 

Louis  Quatorze  —  Louis  XIV 

Henri  Quatre  —  Henri  IV 
LA  MONNAIE  FRANQAISE  —  FRENCH  COIN 
I'argent  —  the  silver         Tor  —  the  gold 
le  cuivre  —  copper 


"OUR     METHOD"  57 

le  franc  —  the  franc=20  sous  (cents) 
le  sou.  —  the  cent 

le     centime   —    one     hundieth     of    a 

"franc";    one  fifth   of  a  "sou" 

Five  francs  or  100  sous  (cents)   equal  one  dollar. 

The  "franc"  being  the  unit,  is  the  equal  of  one 

hundred  "centimes"   or  twenty   sous    (cents), 

as: 

1  franc=20  sous=100  centimes. 
The    prices   or   sums   of   money     are    always     ex- 
pressed in  francs  and  centimes,  never  in  sous: 
thus — 

2  francs  50   (centimes)=50   cents 

3  francs  60    (centimes)=72  cents 

4  francs  75    (centimes)=95  cents 

So,   whenever   you   wish   to   find   the   value   of   a 
French  sum,  in  American  money,  multiply  the 
francs  by  20    (if  the   sum  does  not  exceed   5 
francs),  and  divide  the  centimes  by  five.  You 
will  get  the  number  of  cents  the  sum  repre- 
sents.    Ex.:   3  francs  80   (centimes): 
3X20=60  cents 
80  :  5=16  cents 
60+16=76  cents. 
The  francs  give  60  cents 
the  centimes  give  16  cents, 
which  added  make  76  cents. 
When   the   sum   exceeds  5   francs,    divide    by    5. 
Since   five  francs  make  one  dollar,   you   will 
thus  get  the  number  of  dollars,  as: 
15  francs   :   5 — 3  dollars 
20  francs    :    5 — 4  dollars 
25  francs  75   (centimes)    :   5 — $5.15 

MESURES  —  MEASURES 

1    pouce    1  inch 

1   pied 1  foot 

1    metre 39%  inches 

1  kilometre 1,093  yards   (%  mile) 

8  kilometres  5  miles 

Superficie  — ■  Surface 

are • 100  square  meters 

hectare 10,000  square  meters 

1  kilometre  1000  meters 

Liquid  measures 

1   litre   1%  pints 

1  decalitre  (10  litres)    ..-.2  gallons 
1  hectolitre   (100  litres)    ..22  gallons 


58  "OUR     METHOD" 

Poids  —  Weights 

1   gramme    -1-30  oz. 

hectogramme  (100  gr.)    .  .  .3%  oz. 

demi-kilogramme    1  lb. 

1    kilogramme    2  lbs. 

1    kilogramme    1000  grammes 

500  grammes    1  pound 


SEPTIEME  LECON 
Seventh  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

"LA    DIANE",   L'EQUIPEMENT   DU    SOLDAT 

Soldiers'   Reveille,  Equipment 

On  sonne  la  diane.  —  II  est  temps. 

The  reveille  is  sounded.  —  It  is  time. 

Ecoutez.  —  Entendez-vous? 

Listen.   —  Hear  you?   (Do  you  hear?) 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  entendez? 

What  is  it  you  hear? 

J'entends  la  diane. 

I  hear  the   reveille. 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  faites? 

What  is  it  you  do. 

Que  faites-vous?  —  Je  me  leve. 

What  are  you  doing?  — '  I  get  up. 

Asseyez-vous. 

Sit  down. 

Que  faites-vous?  —  Je  m'assieds. 

What  are  you  doing?  —  I  sit  down. 

Ou  vous  asseyez-vous? 

Where  do  you  sit? 

Je  m'assieds  sur  une  chaise. 

I  sit  on  a  chair. 

Lavez-vous. 

Wash   yourself. 

Avec  quoi  vous  lavez-vous? 

With  what  do  you  wash  yourself? 

Je  me  lave  avec  de  l'eau  et  du  savon. 

I  wash  myself  with  water  and   soap. 

De  l'eau  froide.  —  De  l'eau  chaude. 

(Some)   cold  water.   —   (Some)   warm  water. 


"OUR     METHOD"  59 

Voulez-vous  me  donner  de  1'eau  bouillante? 

Will  you  give  me  boiling-  water? 

Un  essuie-mains.  —  Une  serviette. 

A  towel. 

Je  m'essuie  les  mains. 

I   wipe   my   hands. 

Je  veux  me  raser.  —  Rasez-vous. 

I  wish  to  shave.   —  Shave  yourself. 

Avec  quoi  vous  rasez-vous? 

With  what  do  you  shave  yourself? 

Je  me  rase  avec  un  rasoir  et  un  blaireau. 

I  shave  myself  with  a  razor  and  a  shaving  brush. 

Je  me  peigne  avec  un  peigne. 

I  comb  myself  with  a  comb. 

Brossez-vous.  —  Nous  nous  brossons. 

Brush   yourself.   —  W~e   brush   ourselves. 

Je  me  brosse  avec  une  brosse. 

I  brush  myself  with  a  brush. 

Mettez   vos  souliers,  vos  bottes,  vos  jam- 
bieres,  vos  chaussettes. 

Put   on   your  shoes,    your   boots,    your    leggings,    your 
socks. 

Chaussez-vous.  —  Habillez-vous. 

Put   on  your  shoes.   —  Dress  yourself. 

Je  m'habille.  —  Je  mets  mes  vetements. 

I   dress  myself.   —  I  put  on  my   clothes. 

Mettez  vos   calegons,  votre  chemise,      vos 
pantalons. 

Put   on  your  drawers,   your  shirt,  your  trousers. 

J'ai  un  mouchoir  propre  dans  ma  poche. 

I  have  a  clean  handkerchief  in  my  pocket. 

Je  voudrais  bien  fumer;  je  suis  grand  fu- 
meur. 

I  would  like  to  smoke.  —  I  am  a  great  smoker. 

Qu'est-ce   que    vous    voulez    fumer?     Une 
pipe?  un  cigare?  une  cigarette? 

What  do  you  want  to  smoke?     A  pipe?     A  cigar?     A 
cigarette? 

Voila  du  tabac  qui  ne  vaut  rien;  celui-ci  est 
meilleur. 

This    tobacco    is    no    good    (worth    nothing);    this    one 
here  is  better. 


60  "OUR     METHOD" 

Ces  allumettes  ne  brulent  pas ;  prenez  celles- 
la. 

These   matches   do  not   burn  —  take  those. 

La  fumee  vous  incommode-t-elle? 

Does   smoking-  incommode   you? 

Cela  m'est  egal.   (Qa  m'est  egal).    J'y  suis 
habitue  (accoutume). 

I  don't  care.  —  I  am  used  to  it. 

Vos     cigarettes    sont    meilleures     que    les 
miennes  et  que  les  siennes. 

Your   cigarettes   are  better  than  mine  or  his. 

Donnez-m'en  une.  —  Je  n'en  ai  plus. 

Give  me  one   (of   them).   —  I  have   no   more. 

VOCABULAIRE 

un  mouchoir a  handkerchief 

une  ceinture  a  belt 

le  col    the  collar 

le  bouton  the  button 

le  tricot   the  sweater 

le    chandail soldier's  sweater 

le  cache-nez   the  muffler 

le    casque    the   helmet 

le  kepi French   cap 

la  tunique   the  coat 

la  capote   great  coat 

les  bretelles  the  suspenders 

I'uniforme   the  uniform 

la   musette    the  haversack 

le    sac    the  knapsack 

la  cartouchiere    the  cartridge  belt 

le   masque   a  gaz   the  gas  mask 

la    couverture    the  blanket 

la    gamelle    the  mess  tin 

le  quart   the  tin  cup 

le  bidon   the  water  bottle 

la  courroie the  strap 

boucler to  buckle 

bouclez  votre  ceinture   ...buckle  your  belt 

GRAMMAIRE 
Reflective  verbs 
In  the   preceding  lesson,  we  have  several   ex- 
amples of  what  is  called  "reflective  or  pronominal 
verbs"   —   or   verbs   using   two   pronouns   —   one 
subject,  the  other  object  —  all  through  the  con- 


"OUR    METHOD"  61 

jugation.      The   infinitive   of  such  verbs  is   given 
with  the  pronoun  "se"  preceding  it,  as: 

se  lever  —  to  get  up 

se  laver  —  to  wash  oneself 

se  peigner  —  to  comb  one's  hair 

s'asseoir  —  to  sit  down 

se  brosser  —  to  brush  oneself 

The   present   of   such   verbs   is   conjugated   as 
follows: 

Je  me  lave  —  I  wash  myself 

Tu  te  laves  —  thou  washest  thyself 

II  se  lave  —  he  washes  himself 

Nous  nous  lavons  —  we  wash  ourselves 

Vous  vous  lavez  —  you  wash  yourselves 

lis  se  lavent  —  they  wash  themselves 

In  the  Imperative  the  pronoun   follows,   and  "me" 
is   changed   into  "moi",   "te"   is   changed  into 
"toi". 
Ex.:         Lave-toi 

Habille-toi 
Lavez-vous. 

The  past  of  pronominal  verbs   is  formed   always 

with  the  auxiliary  verb  "etre"  —  to  be. 
Ex.:   Je  me  suis  lave  —  I  washed  myself 
Je  me  suis  habille  —  I  dressed  myself 
Vous  etes-vous  leve?  —  Did  you  get  up? 
II   s'est  marie  hier  — 

He  got  married  yesterday. 
Depuis  quand  etes-vous  marie?  — 

How  long  have  you  been  married? 
Nous  nous  sommes  maries   I'annee  derniere. 
We  got  married  last  year. 
Le  juge  nous  a  maries  — 
The  judge  married  us. 

Notice  that  "to  get  married"  is  reflective  —  while 
"to   marry"   —   perform    the   ceremony   —   is 
active:    "marier". 
We  also  can  use  "epouser" — to  get  married  to 

Ex.:      II  a  epouse  sa  cousine  — 
He  married  his  cousin. 

PRONOUNS 

Possessives 
Mon  pere  et  le  sien   (his,  hers) 
Ma  mere  et  la  sienne  (his,  hers) 
Mes  livres  et  les  votres  (yours) 
Vos  enfants  et  les  notres  (ours) 


62 


OUR     METHOD 


Masc: 

Fern. 

le  mien 

la  mienne 

mine 

le  tien 

la  tienne 

thine 

le  sien 

la  sienne 

his,  hers 

le  notre 

la  notre 

ours 

le  votre 

la  votre 

yours 

le  leur 

la  leur 
Plural: 

theirs 

les  miens 

les  miennes 

mine 

les  tiens 

les  tiennes 

thine 

les  siens 

les  siennes 

his,  hers 

les  notres 

les  notres 

ours 

les  votres 

les  votres 

yours 

les  leurs 

les  leurs 

theirs 

NOTE — To  avoid  ambiguity  when  the  possessor  is 
not  clearly  defined  —  owing  to  the  fact  that 
possessive  adjectives  and  pronouns  agree  with 
the  object,  not  the  possessor  —  we  use  the 
expression:  "a  lui"  —  "a  elle"  as  for  example: 
His  father  is  living  —  her  father  is  dead. 
Son  pere  (a  lui)  vit  —  le  sien  (a  elle)  est  mort 

The  pronouns,  as  the  adjectives,  agree  with  the 
object  possessed  —  not  with  the  possessor. 

Demonstratives 
Ce  livre  et  celui  de  mon  frere  — 

This  book  and  that  of  my  brother. 
Cette  plume  et  celle  du   (that  of  the)   garcon. 
Ces  livres  et  ceux  (those)  de  mon  frere. 
Ces  plumes  et  celles   (those)   du  garcon. 
Ceci  me  plaTt  — 

This  pleases  me. 
Cela  ne  me  plait  pas  — 

That  does  not  please  me. 
§a  ne  me  platt  pas  — 

That  does  not  please  me. 
C'est  vous  — 

It  is  you. 
Celui  —  this,  that  (masc.  sing.) 
Celle  —  this,  that  (fern.) 
Ceux  —  those  (m.  pi.) 
Celles  —  those  (f.  pi.) 
Ce  —  this   (before  etre) 
Ceci  —  this  (when  noun  is  not  expressed) 
Cela  —  that  (when  noun  is  not  expressed) 
Qa  —  (abbreviation  of  cela) 
Celui-ci  —  this  one 
Celui-la  —  that  one 


"OUR    METHOD"  63 

HUITIEME  LEQON 
Eighth  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

LE  TEMPS  —  LA  POSTE 

Weather  —  Post-office 

Quel  temps  fait-il? 

What  weather  is  it?     (How  is  the  weather?) 

II  fait  beau.  —  II  ne  fait  pas  beau. 

It  is  nice  weather.  —  The  weather  is  not  nice. 

II  fait  chaud.  —  II  fait  froid. 

It  is  (makes)  warm.  —  It  is  cold. 

Avez-vous  froid?  —  chaud? 

Are  you'  cold?  —  warm? 

L'air  est  tiede  —  pur.  —  II  y  a  une  brise. 

The  air  is  lukewarm-pure.  —  There  is  a  breeze. 

Chauffez-vous  au  soleil. 

Warm  yourself  in  the  sun. 

II  fait  clair  de  lune. 

There   is   moonlight. 

Le  soleil  brille.  —  Les  etoiles  brillent. 

The  sun  shines.   —  The   stars  are  shining. 

Prenez-garde !     N'attrapez  pas  froid. 

Take  care!    Do  not  take  cold. 

II  fait  un  peu  frais. 

It  is  somewhat  cool. 

II  y  a  des  nuages;  il  va  pleuvoir. 

There  are  clouds;   it  is  going  to  rain. 

II  pleut  deja;  j'ai  senti  une  goutte  d'eau. 

It  is  already  raining;  I  felt  a  drop  of  water. 

C'est  ennuyeux;  j'ai  oublie  mon  parapluie, 
et  j'ai  un  chapeau  neuf! 

It  is  annoying;   I   have   forgotten   my  umbrella,   and   I 
have  a  new  hat! 

Mon  chapeau  va  etre  mouille  et  abime. 

-My.  hat  will   be  wet  and   spoiled. 

II  y  a  un  brouillard  epais. 

There  is  a  heavy  fog. 

Quand  il  fait  froid,  nous  allumons  du  feu 
pour  nous  chauffer. 

When  it  is  cold,  we  light  a  fire  to  warm  ourselves. 

Nous  portons    des  vetements    chauds,  -des 
fourrures. 

We  wear  warm  clothes,  furs. 


64  "OUR    METHOD" 

Le  temps  s'eclaircit;  voulez-vous  sortir? 

The  weather  is  clearing;   will  you  go  out?  - 

J'ai  quelques  visites  a  faire. 

I  have  a  few  calls  to  pay. 

II  faut  que  j'aille  chez  Mme  X. 

I  have  to  go  to  Mme.  X. 

Moi  aussi.  —  Allons-y  ensemble. 

I  also.  —  Let  us  go  there  together. 

Oh!  pendant  que  j'y  pense!  J'ai  besoin 
d'aller  a  la  poste,  et  je  ne  connais  pas  le 
chemin ! 

Ah!  While  I  think  of  it!  I  have  to  go  to  the  post- 
office,   and  I  do  not  know   the  way. 

Prenez  la  premiere  rue  a  droite,  et  vous  y 
serez. 

Take  the  first  street  to  the  right,  and  you  will  be 
there. 

Voici  la  poste  centrale  —  la  poste  restante. 

Here   fas   the   main   post-office  —  the   general  delivery. 

Je  voudrais  savoir  s'il  y  a  des  lettres  pour 
moi  (a  mon  adresse)  —  a  la  poste  res- 
tante. 

I  would  like  to  know  if  there  are  any  letters  for  me 
at  the  general   delivery. 

J  'ai  deux  lettres  a  affranchir.  —  Je  vais  vous 
les  donner. 

I  have  two  letters  to  mail.  —  I  am  going  to  give  them 

to  you. 

Ou  est  le  guichet  des  timbres-poste? 

'Where   is   the   window    (ticket   office)    of   stamps? 

II  faut  mettre  un  timbre  de  25  centimes  sur 

cette  lettre-ci. 

You  must  put  a  25   centimes  stamp  on  this  one. 

Donnez-m'en  deux  a  15  centimes.  —  Les 
voici. 

Give  me  two  (stamps)  of  15  centimes.  —  Here  they  are. 

C'est  bien.  —  Donnez-les  moi. 

It  is  well   (allright).  —  Give  them  to  me. 

Je  vous  les  ai  donnes.    Je  la  lui  ai  donnee. 

I  have  given  them  to  you.     I  have  given  it  to  him. 

Donnez-lui  votre  adresse. 

Give  him  your  address. 

Voulez-vous  enregistrer  cette  lettre. 

Will   you  register  this  letter? 


"OUR     METHOD"  65 

VOCABULAIRE 

la    rue    the  street 

la  route   the  road 

le  trottolr   the  sidewalk 

la   chaussee    the  middle  of  the  street 

I'avenue the  avenue 

le  boulevard   the  boulevard 

le  coin  —  au  coin   the     corner,     at     the 

corner 

le  monument    the  monument 

I'eglise    the  church 

I'ecole the  school 

traverser to  cross 

trouver   son    chemin    to  find  one's  way 

demander  son  chemin  au  ask  the   way   from   the 

sergent  de  ville policeman 

I'humidite  —  humide   the  dampness  —  damp 

la  neige   '.  .the  snow 

la   vapeur    the   steam 

la  gelee  —  je  gele   the  frost  —  I  freeze 

la   grele   the  hail 

la  foudre  the   thunderbolt 

le  tonnerre   the  thunder 

I'eclair the  lightning 

Forage the  storm 

la   tempete    . . ." the  tempest 

le  tremblement  de  terre..the  earthquake 

il  est  tot  it  is  early 

patiner —  le  patinage  ....to   skate  —  skating 

la    Poste    the  post-office 

la  poste  restante general  delivery 

le  guichet the  ticket  office  or  the 

window 
mettre   une    lettre     a     la 

poste,     affranchir    une 

lettre to  mail  a  letter 

faire  enregistrer to  register 

une  lettre  enregistree a  registered  letter 

le  facteur   the  letter  carrier 

un   mandat-poste a  money  order 

acheter  —  j'achete to  buy  —  I  buy 

GRAM  M  AIRE 

This  lesson  has  introduced  the  impersonal 
verbs,  used  only  in  the  third  person,  "il"  meaning 
it:  II  fait  chaud  —  it  is  (makes)  warm  —  fait 
(makes)  being  used  for  "is",  referring  to  the 
weather. 


66  "OUR    METHOD" 

Notice  tlie  idiomatic  expressions: 

j'ai  froid    1  am   cold 

j'ai   chaud    I  am  warm 

j'ai  sommeil    I  am  sleepy 

j'ai  faim  —  soif   I  am  hungry  —  thirsty 

J'ai  peur I  am  afraid 

j'ai  tort   1  am  wrong 

j'ai  raison I  am  right 

j'ai  honte 1  am  ashamed 

REFLECTIVE  PRONOUNS  —  Pronoms   Reflechis 
je  me  —  I  myself         nous  nous  —  we  ourselves 
tu  te  —  thou  thyself      vous  vous  —  you  yourselves 
il  se  —  he  himself       ils  se  — ■  they  themselves 
elle  se  —  she  herself     elles  se  — •  they  themselves 

PERSONAL  PRONOUNS  —  Pronoms  personnels 
We  have  had  the  nominative  pronouns  with 
the  verbs.  There  are  also  the  objective  personal 
pronouns  (or  conjunctives),  which  should  be 
placed  before  the  verb  as  follows: 

Examples : 
je  vous  donne   I  give  you 

to  you 
il   me  donne   he  gives  me 

to  me 
je  lui  donne  I  give  him,  her 

to  him     to  her 
il  leur  donne   he   gives   them 

to  them 
je  te  vois    I  see  thee 

thee 
il  me  voit  he  sees  me 

me 
nous  le  voyons   we  see  him 

him 
vous  la  voyez you  see  her 

her 
nous  les  voyons   we  see  them 

them 
je  vous  le  donne   ....... .1  give  it  to  you 

I  to  you  it 
II   me  le  donne   he  gives  it  to  me 

he  to  me  it 
nous   le  lui   donnons    .....we   give   it   to   him 

it  to  him    it  to  her  to  her 

vous  le  leur  donnez    you  give  it  to  them 

you  it  to  them 
je  te  le  donne  ........  ^.  .1  give  it  to  thee 

to  thee  it 


t  to  us 
it  to  you 
t  to  them 
it  to  them 


"OUR     METHOD"  67 

Thus  the  order  is: 

me   le    (la)    it.  to  me 

te   le    (la)    it  to  thee 

le    1 1.1  i .it  to  him  —  to  her 

la  lui   it  to  him  —  to  her 

nous    le    (la)     

vous  le    (la) 

le   leur 

la   leur    

les   leur theirs   to  them 

Y  —  EN 

y to  it 

en    of  it,  from  it 

Ex.:.  Jy  pense  —  I  think  of  it. (to  it) 

J'y  mets  —  I  put  to  it 

J'en  parle  —  I  speak  of  it 
Negatively: 
je  ne  vous  donne  pas  ....I  do  not  give  you 

il  ne  me  voit  pas  he  does  not  see  me 

je  ne  vous  parle  pas I  do  not  speak  to  you 

je  ne  vous  ai  pas  vu   I  did  not  see  you 

je  ne  lui  ai  pas  parle   ...  .1  did  not  speak  to  him 

Interrogatively: 

le  voyez-vous?   do  you  see  him? 

me   parlez-vous?    do  you  speak  to  me? 

me  I'avez-vous  dit?    did  you  tell  it  to  me? 

ne    le   lui    avez-vous    pas        did  you  not  tell  it  to 
dit?  . him? 

In  the  imperative  the  order  is  reversed  and  the 
pronouns  follow,  unless  there  is  a  negative,  in 
which  case  the  pronouns  will  again  precede  the 
Verb.  Ex.: 

Donnez-moi .give  me 

Donnez   m'en give  me  some 

ne  me  donnez  pas do  not  give  me 

The  following  pronouns  are  called  "disjunctive 
personal  pronouns": 

moi I  —  me 

toi thou  —  thee 

lui    he  —  him 

elle .she  —  her 

nous we  —  us 

vous .you  —  you 

eux they  —  them 

They  are  used  as  follows: 
Ex.: 

II  parle  de  moi. .he  speaks  of  me 

Donnez-moi    -?ive   me 


"OUR     METHOD" 


je  parle  d'elle    I  speak  of  her 

C'est  lui   it  is  he    avec  eux  .  .  with  them 

qui?  —  moi  —  lui  —  elle..Who?  —  I  —  he  —  she 

Thus,  we  see  that  disjunctives  are  used  after 
prepositions  —  after  "c'est"  —  and,  when  alone 
(separated  from  the  verb). 

"CE"  —  "IL"  before  the  verb  "to  be"  —  etre: 

c'est  mon  ami he  is  my  friend 

c'est  un   bon   garcon    he  is  a  good  boy 

c'est  une  bonne  fille  she  is  a  good  girl 

c'est  un  coiffeur  he  is  a  hairdresser 

il   est  coiffeur   he  is  a  hairdresser 

By  the  above  examples  it  is  seen  that  "ce" 
is  used  sometimes  for  "il"  —  "elle".  This  happens 
before  an  adjective. 

"il"  is  used  before  a  name  of  profession  when 
the  article  is  omitted.    Ex.:     II  est  soMat. 

With  the  article,  "ce"  would  be  used. 
Ex.:     C'est  un  soldat.  II  est  avocat. 

C'est  un  avocat'. 

Indefinite  pronouns. 

On   one   (the  people) 

Personne nobody      Quelqu'un  .  ..somebody 

Quelque  chose  something   Rjen    (ne)    nothing 

Quelques-uns a  few 

Tout,  toute,  tous,  toutes..,all 

On   a   apporte    ...•• They  brought 

lei  on  parle  francais they  speak  French  here 

(French  is  spoken) 

Que   dit-on?    what  do  they  say? 

On   dit    they  say  (it  isrumored) 

Comment  dit-on?    how  do  you  say? 

Personne  n'est  venu   -....nobody  came 
Je  ne  connais  personne  .  .1  know  nobody 

II   n'y  a  rien    there  is  nothing 

Cela   ne  fait  rien    it   matters   nothing 

it  does  not  matter 

J'ai  quelque  chose   I  have  something 

(something      is      the    matter  with  me) 

Je  n'ai  rien  I  have  nothing  (nothing 

is     the     matter    with     me) 
After   "quelque   chose",   "rien",   and   "que"   we 
use  "de"  before  an  adjective: 
Ex.:     quelque  chose  de  bon  —  something  good. 

rien  de  joli  —  nothing  pretty. 

qu'avez-vous  de  nouveau?  —  what  have  you 

new? 


"OUR    METHOD"  69 

NEUVIEME  LEQON. 

Ninth  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

LE   THEATRE  —   LA    REPRESENTATION 

The  theatre        The  performance 

Ou  etes-vous  alle  hier  au  soir? 

Where  did  you  go  last  evening? 

Je  suis  alle  au  theatre;  a  la  Comedie  Fran- 
gaise. 

I  went  to  the  theatre  —  to  the   "Comedie  Franchise". 

Qu'est-ce  qu'on  jouait?    (Que  jouait-on?) 

What  were  they  playing? 

On  jouait  "Phedre",  le  chef-d'oeuvre  de 
Racine. 

They  played   "PTiedra",   the  masterpiece  of  Racine. 

Avez-vous  bien  compris?  Vous  etes-vous 
bien  amuse? 

Did  you  understand  well?     Did  you  enjoy  yourself? 

Oui,  j'ai  tres  bien  compris,  et  je  me  suis  ad- 
mirablement  amuse. 

Yes,  I  understood  very  well,  and  I  enjoyed  myself 
admirably. 

Comment  avez-vous  trouve  la  representa- 
tion? 

How  did  you  find   (like)   the  performance? 

Tres  belle.  La  piece  etait  bien  montee,  et 
la  distribution  excellente. 

Splendid.  The  play  was  well  staged  —  and  the  cast 
excellent. 

Et  les  decors?  —  Oh!  vous  n'ignorez  pas 
que  dans  ces  ceuvres  classiques  du  dix- 
septieme  siecle,  les  decors  sont  de  la 
plus  grande  simplicite. 

And  the  scenery?  —  Oh!  you  are  not  ignorant  (of  the 
fact)  that  in  those  classic  (works)  of  the  seven- 
teenth century,  the  scenery  is  of  the  greatest 
simplicity. 

Je  reproche  a  certains  acteurs  de  parler  trop 
bas.    J'avais  du  mal  a  les  comprendre. 

I  would  reproach  certain  actors  for  speaking  too  low. 
I  had  trouble  to  understand  them. 


70  "OUR     METHOD" 

Peut-etre  etiez-vous  mal  place?  Quelle  place 
aviez-vous? 

Perhaps  you  had  a  bad  seat.     What  seat  did  you  have? 

Je  suis  alle  tres  tard  au  bureau  de  location, 
et  les  meilleures  places,  etaient  deja 
prises. 

I  went  late  to  the  box-office  and  the  best  seats  were 
already  taken. 

J'avais  un  fauteuil  d'orchestre  assez  eloigne 
de  la  scene. 

I  had  an  orchestra  seat,  rather  far  from  the  stage. 

Toutes  les  loges  etaient  occupees.  II  y  avait 
beaucoup  de  monde,  un  public  choisi,  de 
belles  toilettes,  des  bijoux  etincelants. 
C'etait  une  soiree  tres  brillante. 

All  the  boxes  were  occupied.  There  were  many  people 
there,  a  select  audience,  beautiful  garments, 
sparkling   of  jewels.      It   was   a  fine   evening. 

J'ai  vu  la  notre  ami  D.,  l'auteur  bien  conriu; 
il  parlait  a  une  dame  de  nos  connais- 
sances.  Vous  savez,  n'est-ce  pas,  qu'il 
a  le  ruban  rouge? 

I  saw  there  our  friend  D.,  the  well  known  writer;  he 
was  talking  to  one  of  our  lady  acquaintances. 
You  know  —  do  you  not  —  that  he  has  received 
the  decoration  of  the  "red  ribbon"  (Legion 
d'honneur). 

Je  1'ai  entendu  dire. 

I  have  heard  so. 

Ce  qui  m'etonne,  c'est  qu'il  ne  l'ait  pas  eu 
plus  tot. 

What   surprises   me   is    that   he    did   not   get.   it   sooner. 

Ce  que  vous  dites  m'etonne  de  votre  part. 
II  me  semblait  que  vous  ne  l'admiriez 
pas. 

What  you  say  surprises  me,  from  you;  it  seemed  to 
me  you  did  not  admire   him. 

Ce  n'est  pas  votre  genre. 

It  is  not  your  style. 

C'est  vrai.  —  Mais  je  rends  justice  a  ses 
qualites.  —  C'est  un  homme  de  talent. 

It  is  true  —  but  I  do  justice  to  his  qualities.  —  He  is 
a  talented  man. 


"OUR    METHOD"  71 

Vous  etes  un  homme  sans  prejuges. 

You  are  a  man  without  prejudice. 

L'auteur  dont  nous  parlons  est  appele  a  de- 
venir  celebre. 

The  author  we  speak  of  is  destined  to  become  celeb- 
rated. 

Le  livre  auquel  nous  faisions  allusion  fait 
fureur. 

The  book  to  which  we  were   alluding  is  all  the  rage. 


VOCABULAIRE 

le  bureau  de  location   the  ticket  office 

les  places    •  •  .the  seats 

de  face  —  de  cote   opposite  —  on  the  side 

le  balcon   the  balcony 

la   scene    the  stage 

la  rampe   •  • the  footlights 

la  musique    the  music 

la   danse    the  dance 

le  jeu    •  • . .  .the  acting 

les  decors   the  scenery 

I'orchestre   the  orchestra 

les  acteurs   (m.)    the  actors 

les  actrices   (f.)    the  actresses  — 

le  danseur  (la  danseuse)  .the  dancer 

les  coulisses the  wings  (of  stage) 

le  foyer   the  lobby 

la  distribution   the  cast   (of  a  play) 

le   role    the  part 

la   piece   the  play 

la  tragedie  —  la  comedie.  .the  tragedy  —  comedy 

drole   (adj)    funny 

c'est    drole    it  is  funny 

amusant amusing 

gai   lively 

triste sad 

ennuyeux   annoying 

spirituel   witty 

interessant .interesting 

tragique tragic 

comique comical 

agreable agreeable 

desagreable disagreeable 

merveilleux  (se)    marvelous 

que  (conj.) that 


72  "OUR    METHOD" 

GRAMMAIRE 
In  this  lesson  you  may  notice  the  frequent  use 
of   the   two   past   tenses:    the   Imparfait   and   the 
Passe  Indefini.      These   tenses  can  not  be   inter- 
changed, but  are  subject  to  the  following  rules: 
The  "Imparfait"   or  descriptive  tense  is  used  to 
describe   persons    or   things,    their    state     of 
being,  qualities,  defects,  conditions. 
Ex.:     Cette  fille  etait  belle  et  jeune. 

II  faisait  beau;   le  soleil  brillait. 
2.    It  expresses  an  action  as  going  on  when  an- 
other takes  place,  and  corresponds  then  to  the 
English:    "1  used  to"  or  "I  was  doing",  "was 
speaking",  etc. 
Ex.:  Je  parlais  a  votre  mere  quand  vous  etes  entre 
I    was    talking   to    your    mother    when    you 
came  in. 
Je  prenais  des  lecons  de  chant  quand  j'etais 

plus  jeune. 
I  used   to   take   singing  lessons  when  I  was 
younger. 
In  other  cases,  where  the  act  expressed  is  entirely 
finished  —  past  —  we  use  in  conversation  the 
Passe  Indefini — 
Ex.:     Je  I'ai  vu  hier  —  I  saw  him  yesterday. 
Je  lui  ai  parle  —  I  spoke  to  him. 
Imparfait  du  verbe  Avoir  —  To  have 

J'avais   I  had 

Tu  avais   •  • . .  .thou  hadst 

II   avait    he  had 

nous  avions   we  had 

vous   aviez    •  • you  had 

ils   avaient    they  had 

li  y  avait there  was,  there  were 

Imparfait  du  verbe  £tre  —  To  be 

J'etais •  • .  I  was 

tu   etais   thou  wert 

il  etait   •  • .  .he  was 

nous    etions    we  were 

vous  etiez   you  were 

ils  etaient  ....•• they  were 

Imparfait:  Jouer  —  To  play 

Je  jouais  I  played 

tu  jouais  

il  jouait  

nous   jouions    

vous  jouiez   

ils  jouaient, 


"OUR     METHOD"  73 

Imparfait:  Connaitre  —  To  know 

Je  connaissais   I  knew 

tu  connaissais   

ii  connaissait   

nous   connaissions    ....••. 

vous  connaissiez 

ils   connaissaient 

Conjugate:  Venir  —  To  come  —  in  the  imperfect. 

Je  venais,  etc. 
also:   Parler  —  To  speak 

Je  parlais,  etc. 
Pouvoir  —  To  be  able  to 

Je  pouvais,  etc. 
and  all  verbs  of  this  lesson  in  the  same  manner. 
The  compound  past  tenses  are  formed  with  the 
verb  "Avoir"   (have)   and  "£tre"   (be),  as  in  Eng- 
lish.    Ex.: 

J'ai   eu I  have  had 

II  y  a  eu   there  has  been 

J'ai    parle    I  spoke 

J'ai  vu    --.I  saw 

Vous   avez  vu    you  saw 

J'ai  paye   I  paid 

"Aller"  is  used  with  "etre".    Ex.: 

Je  suis  alle   •  •  . .  .1  went 

Vous  etes  alle   you  went 

£tes-vous  alle    did  you  go? 

Je  ne  suis  pas  alle I  did  not  go 

Other  verbs  conjugated  with  "£tre"  are:  Venir 
(come),  Partir  (go  away),  Sortir  (go  out),  entrer 
(go  in)  —  as  will  be  seen  further. 
Also  all  verbs  used  with  the  double  pronouns. 
Ex.:         Je  suis  venu  —  I  came 

Je  me  suis  amuse 

Nous  nous  sommes  amuses 

Vous  vous  etes  amuses 

Relative  pronouns 
The  most  important  relative  pronouns  are: 
qui  — ■  who,  which,  that  (subj.) 
que  —  whom,  which,  that  (object) 
dont  —  of  which,  whose   (ind.  object) 
lequel,  laquelle  —  which  (m.)    (f.) 
lesquels,  lesquelles  —  which,  whom   (plur.) 
auquel,  a  laquelle  —  to  which,  to  whom 
auxquels,  auxquelles — to  which,  to  whom  (pi.) 
duquel,  de  laquelle  —  of  which,  of  whom 
desquels,  desquelles — of  which,  of  whom  (pi.) 


74  "OUR     METHOD" 

Ex.:      L'homme  qui  est  venu 
The  man  who  came. 
La  femme  qui  est  la 
The  woman  who  is  there. 
Le  livre  qui  est  sur  la  table 
The  book  which  is  on  the  table. 
Le  livre  que  je  lis 
The  book  which  I  am  reading. 
Le  livre  dont  vous  parlez 
The  book  of  which  you  speak. 
L'enfant  a  la  mere  duquel  vous  avez  parle 
The  child  to  whose  mother  (to  the  mother 
of  whom)   you  have  spoken. 

For  interrogative  pronouns  we  use  the  relatives: 

qui  — ■  who? 

que  — -  what?  (before  verbs) 

quoi  —  what?  (alone,  or  after  a  preposition) 

lequel?  —  which  one? 
Ex.:     Qui  est  la?  —  who  is  there? 

Que  voulez-vous?  —  What  do  you  want? 

Quoi?  —  What? 

De   quoi    parlez-vous?   —   Of   what   do   you 

speak? 
"Qui",  when  preceded  by  a  preposition,  is  used  for 

persons  only. 
Ex.:     La  dame  a  qui  je  parle 

The  lady  to  whom  I  speak 

For  things  —  or  objects  —  we  use  lequel  —  la- 

quelle. 
Ex.:     La  plume  avec  laquelle  j'ecris. 
The  pen  with  which  I  write. 

"What"  in  the  nominative  meaning  "that  which" 

is  translated  by  "ce  qui". 
Ex.:     What  pleases  me 
Ce  qui  me  plait. 

"What"   in   the   objective   meaning   "that   which" 

is  translated  by  "ce  que". 
Ex.:    What  you  see  is  mine 

Ce  que  vous  voyez  est  a  moi. 

I  do  not  know  what  he  wants 

Je  ne  sais  pas  ce  qu'il  veut. 


"OUR    METHOD"  75 


DIXIEME  LEQON. 
Tenth  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

LES  VOYAGES,  LES  ANIMAUX,  LES  OISEAUX 

TRAVELS,  ANIMALS,  BIRDS 

On  me  dit  que  vous  allez  partir. 

One  tells  me   (1  am  told)   that  you  are  going  away. 

Cela  (or:  ce)  sera-t-il  pour  longtemps? 

Will  it  be  for  long? 

Non;  cela  ne  sera  que  pour  quelques  mois. 

No,   it  will  be  only  for  a  few  months. 

Ou  irez-vous  d'abord? 

Where  will  you  go  first? 

Je  crois  que  je  commencerai  par  un  tour  de 
France. 

I  think  I  will  begin  with  a  tour  of  France. 

Ensuite,  j'irai  en  Italie,  ou  je  resterai  envi- 
ron trois  semaines. 

Then  I  will  go  to  Italy,  where  I  will  remain  about 
three  weeks. 

Puis  je  parcourrai  rapidement  les  autres 
pays  de  V Europe. 

The  I  will  go  rapidly  over  the  other  countries  of 
Europe. 

J'irai  en  Espagne  et  au  Portugal  en  tous  les 
cas. 

t  will   go   to  Spain  and   Portugal,   at   any  rate. 

Je  veux  passer  quelques  jours  a  Madrid,  et 
en  visiter  les  monuments  et  les  galeries 
de  tableaux,  les  musees. 

I  want  to  spend  a  few  days  in  Madrid,  and  visit  its 
monuments   and   picture  galleries    (museums). 

Et  vous,  Monsieur?  Y  a-t-il  longtemps  que 
vous  n'avez  voyage? 

And  you,  Sir?     Is  it  long  since  you  have  travelled? 

J'ai  fait  dans  ma  jeunesse  de  longs  voyages, 
en  bateau,  en  chemin  de  fer,  en  automo- 
bile et  meme  a  cheval. 

I  have  taken  long  trips,  in  my  youth:  by  sea  (boat), 
rail,    in   auto,   even  on  horse  back. 


76  "OUR    METHOD" 

J'irai  un  de  ces  jours  en  Orient:  au  Japon, 
en  Chine,  a  Yokohama,  a  Pekin. 

I  will,  one  of  these  days,  go  to  the  Orient:  in  Japan, 
in   China  —  to   Yokohama  and  Peking. 

Je  reverrai  avec  plaisir  aussi  l'Amerique  du 
Sud,  avec  ses  oiseaux  merveilleux,  et 
ses  animaux  curieux. 

I  will  also  see  again  with  pleasure  South  America, 
with  its  marvelous  birds  and  its  curious  animals, 

Je  sais  que  je  suis  bon  voyageur  et  supporte- 
rai  facilement  la  mer,  et  les  fatigues 
ainsi  que  les  changements  de  climat. 

I  know  that  I  am  a  good  traveler,  and  that  I  wil 
stand  the  sea,  the  fatigue,  as  well  as  the  change; 
of  climate. 

Je  n'ai  jamais  eu  le  mal  de  mer. 

I   have   never   been   sea-sick. 

VOCABULAIRE 

La  ville    the  city 

la   campagne    the  country 

le    pays    the  country,  fatherlanc 

la   mer   the  sea 

la    plage    the  beach 

le  voyage    the  trip 

le  bateau   the  boat 

le  navire   the  ship 

le  chemin  de  fer   the  railroad 

la  voiture    the  carriage 

I'automobile the  automobile 

la  carte   the  map 

le   paysage    the  landscape 

les  montagnes   the  mountains 

la  riviere  the  river 

le   lac   the  lake 

le  fleuve    the  river 

pile the  island 

le  ruisseau  the  brook 

la   verdure    the  verdure,  green 

le  pelouse   the  lawn 

les   arbres    (m.)    the  trees 

les  plantes    the  plants 

les  fleurs the  flowers 

les  feuilles   the  leaves 

la  ville  d'eau   the  watering  place 

la   vue    the  sight,  the  view 


"OUR    METHOD"  77 

Les  animaux,  oiseaux  —  animals,  birds 
Le  cheval,  les  chevaux  . .  .the  horse,  the  horses 

le  chien   the  dog 

le  chat  the  cat 

le   lapin    the  rabbit 

le  mouton   the  sheep 

la  brebls the  ewe 

I'agneau   the  lamb 

le  boeuf   the  ox 

la  vache the  cow 

le   veau    the  calf 

le   cochon    the  hog,  pig 

le   lion    r the  lion 

le  tigre    the  tiger 

le  loup   the  wolf 

Tours the  bear 

le  chevreuil    the  roebuck 

le  cerf   the  deer 

le  rat   the  rat 

la  souris   the  mouse 

Tecureuil   . the  squirrel 

Toiseau the  bird 

le  rossignol the  nightingale 

I'alouette the  lark 

le   merle    the  blackbird 

le   coq .the  rooster 

GRAMMAIRE 

In  this  lesson  we  have  made  frequent  use  ct 
the  future  tense.  In  most  cases,  the  future  tense 
is  formed,  in  French,  by  adding  the  endings:  ai  — 
as  —  a  —  ons  —  ez  —  ont  to  the  infinitive  of  the 
verbs. 

Future  of  some  verbs  of  the  different  conjugations 

Manger  —  to  eat 
Je  mangerai  Nous  mangerons 

Tu  mangeras  Vous  mangerez 

II  mangera  lis  mangeront 

Dormir  —  to  sleep 
Je  dormirai  Nous  dormirons 

Tu  dormiras  Vous  dormirez 

II  dormira  lis  dormiront 

Parti r  —  to  leave,  to  go  away 
Je  partirai  Nous  partirons 

Tu  partiras  Vous   partirez 

II  partira  lis  partiront 


78  "OUR     METHOD" 

Quitter  —  to  leave,  quit 
Je  quitterai  Nous  quitterons 

Tu  quitteras  Vous   quitterez 

II  quittera  lis  quitteront 

Faire  —  to  make 

Pouvoir  —  can,  to  be  able  to 

Aller  —  to  go 

Etre  —  to  be 
also         Avoir  —  to  have 

are  irregularly  formed,   still   the   endings  are   al- 
ways "rai",  "ras",  "ra",  etc. 

Avoir  —  to  have                    etre  —  to  be 

Future  Future 

J'aurai  Je  serai 

Tu  auras  Tu  seras 

II  aura  II  sera 

Nous  aurons  Nous  serons 

Vous   aurez  Vous  serez 

lis  auront  lis  seront 

II  y  aura   (there  will  be) 

Pouvoir  (Future)                Aller 

Je  pourrai  J'irai 

Tu  pourras  Tu  iras 

II  pourra  II  ira 

Nous  pourrons  Nous  irons 

Vous  pourrez  Vous  irez 

lis  pourront  lis  iront 

Faire  Retenir  —  to  keep  back 

Je  ferai  Je  retiendrai 

Tu  feras  Tu  retiendras 

II  fera  II  retiendra 

Nous  ferons  Nous  retiendrons 

Vous  ferez  Vous  retiendrez 

lis  feront  lis  retiendront 

Before  names  of  countries  and  cities,  "to"  and 
"in"  are  translated  thus: 

1.  "En"  before  names  of  countries  of  the  fem- 
inine gender. 

Ex.:     En  France 
En  Italie 
En  Espagne • 

2.  "Au"  before  names  of  countries  of  the  mas- 
culine gender. 

Ex.:  Au  Japon 
Au  Perou 
Au  BrSsil 
Aux  fitats-Unis. 


"OUR    METHOD"  79 

3.    Before  names  of  cities  "a"  is  used. 
Ex.:     a  Paris 
a  Rome 
a  Londres 

Some  names  take  the  article  before  it. 
Ex.:     Le  Caire  —  au  Caire 
La  Haye  —  a  la  Haye 
Le  Havre  —  au  Havre 


A  few  prepositions: 

a to,  at 

de of  —  from 

pour for,  in  order  to 

chez at  (the  house,  place  of) 

sans    without 

avec with 

sur on 

sous  .   under 

avant before  (time) 

devant before  (place) 

apres after 

afin  de  in  order  to,  so  as  to 

cjans    in  (with  the  article) 

en    in 

Ex.:     dans  le  magasin  —  in  the  store 
en  magasin  —  in  store   (stock) 
dans  la  voiture  —  in  the  carriage 
en  voiture  —  in  a  carriage   (by  means  of) 
dans  la  ville  —  in  the  town 
en  ville  —  in  town 

"Chez"  can  only  be  used  before  names  of  people, 

never  of  things — 
Ex.:    chez  mon  pere  —  at  my  father's 

chez  le  banquier  —  at  the  banker's 

"Chez"  is  never  used  before  names  of  places  — 
things.  —  One  should  in  these  cases  use:  a, 
au,  a  la. 

Ex.:     a  la  banque  —  at  the  bank 
au  theatre  —  at  the  theater 
au  Louvre  —  at  the  Louvre 
au  magasin  —  at  the  store 
chez  Monsieur  B.  —  at  Mr.  B's. 
chez  mon  pere  —  at  my  father's 
chez  le  banquier  —  at  the  banker's 
chez  Wanamaker at  Wanamaker's 


80  "OUR    METHOD' 


ONZIEME   LEgON 
Eleventh  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 
LES    EMPLETTES  —  Shopping 

Quels  sont  vos  projets  pour  aujourd'hui? 

What  are  your  plans  for  today? 

J'aurais  des  courses  a  faire. 

I  have   (should  have)   errands   to  do. 

Je  voudrais  faire  des  emplettes. 

I  would  like  to  do  some  shopping. 

J'aurais  quelques  achats  a  faire. 

I  have  (should  have)  some  purchases  to  make. 

Dans  quel  magasin  voudriez-vous  aller? 

In  what   store  would   you  like   to  go? 

Allons  au  Louvre  d'abord,  puis  nous  irons 
au  Bon  Marche. 

Let  us  go  to  the  Louvre,   then  we  will  go  to  the  Bon 

Marche. 

Pourriez-vous  m'y  conduire? 

Could  you  take  me  there? 

Je  serais  enchante  de  vous  rendre  ce  service. 

I  would  be  delighted  to  do  you  that  favor. 

Nous  voici  arrives  au  Louvre. 

Here  we  are  at  the  Louvre. 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  voulez  acheter? 

What  do  you   wish  to  buy? 

Que  vous  faut-il? 
Qu'est-ce  qu'il  vous  faut? 

What  do  you  require  (need)? 

II  me  faut  de  la  parfumerie. 

I  need  some  perfumery. 

II  me  faudrait  des  chaussettes,  des  chemises 

et  des  calegons. 

I  would  need  some  socks,  some  shirts  and  drawers. 

De  quelle  grandeur? 

What  size? 

Prenez  mes  mesures,  je  vous  prie. 

Take  my  measure,  I  pray. 

Combien  vendez-vous  ces  chaussettes? 

How  much  do  you  sell  these  socks? 

Quel  est  le  prix  de  ces  chemises? 

What  is  the  price  of  these  shirts? 


'OUR     METHOD" 


Combien  coutent  ces  calegons? 

How  much  do  these  drawers  cost? 

C'est  cher;  je  voudrais  quelque  chose  d( 
meilleur  marche. 

It  is  dear;  I  would  like  something  cheaper. 

Ou  est  le  rayon  des  cravates?  Et  celui  dej 
gants? 

Where   is   the   tie   counler   and   that   of  the   gloves? 

En  face  de  vous. 

Opposite  you. 

Je  voudrais  une  cravate  de  soie  noire  et  un( 
en  satin  blanc;  montrez-moi  une  La 
valliere  bleu  marine  a  pois  blancs. 

I  would  like  a  black  silk  tie  and  a  white  satin  one 
show  me  a  navy  blue  with  white  dots. 

En  avez-vous  des  rayees,  claires  et  foncees' 

Have  you  light  and  dark  striped  ones? 

Je  voudrais  des  noeuds  tout  faits. 

I  would  like  ready-made  ties. 

Quels  gants  desirez-vous? 

What  gloves  do  you  wish? 

J'en  veux  une  paire  de  suede  et  une  en  peai 
glacee  de  nuance  claire. 

I  want  a  pair  of  suede  (undressed)  and  a  pair  o 
dressed  kid  of  light  shade. 

Essayez-moi  cette  paire. 

Try   (me)   on  this  pair. 

Elle  ne  me  va  pas.    Elle  me  gene. 

It   does  not  fit  me.   —  It  is  uncomfortable   for   me. 

Elle  est  trop  etroite. 

It  is  too  narrow. 

Elargissez-la. 

Stretch  it. 

Essayez  une  autre  paire. 

Try   on   another  pair. 

Celle-ci  me  va  bien. 

This  one  fits  me. 

Combien  est-ce? 

How  much   is   it? 

Envoyez-la  moi  avec  la  facture. 

Send  it  to  me  with  the  bill. 

Je  payerai  comptant. 

I  will  pay  cash. 


82  "OUR     METHOD" 

Desirez-vous  autre  chose? 

Do  you  wish  anything  else? 

Des  mouchoirs  avec  chiffre  brode. 

Handkerchiefs  with  embroidered  letters   (initial). 

Je  voudrais  entrer  encore  chez  un  chapelier 
et  chez  un  cordonnier. 

I  would  yet  like  to  enter  a  hatter's  store  and  a  shoe 
store. 

Montrez-moi  ce  chapeau  mou;  ce  chapeau 
de  feutre  qui  est  a  la  vitrine. 

Show  me  this  soft  felt  hat;  this  felt  hat  which  is  in 
the  window. 

Les  bords  sont  trop  larges. 

The  brim's  are  too  wide. 

Quels  souliers  voulez-vous? 

What  shoes  do  you  wish? 

Une  paire  de  bottines  a  lacets,  a  boutons,  a 
bouts  vernis,  aussi  une  paire  d'escar- 
pins. 

A  pair  of  laced  and  buttoned  shoes,  with  pattern 
leather  tips,  also  a  pair  of  pumps. 

VOCABULAIRE 

le  magasin    the  store 

la  boutique  the  shop 

le  rayon the  department 

les  etageres   the  shelves 

le  comptoir the  counter 

la  caisse   the  cashier's  office 

la  soierie  the  silks 

le  velours   the  velvets 

le   satin    the  satin 

les   etoffes    the  materials 

le  coton  the  cotton  goods 

les  lainages  —  laine the  woolen  goods,  wool 

la  toile  linen  goods 

le  chapeau    the  hat 

le  costume   the  suit 

le  pardessus  the  overcoat 

le  gilet the  vest 

les  gants   the  gloves 

les  chaussures  the  shoes 

la  mercerie the  notions 

la  chaTne  the  chain 

la  montre the  watch 

la  couturiere    the  dressmaker 

la  robe  the  dress 


"OUR    METHOD'  83 

la    jupe    the  skirt 

le  corsage   the  waist 

la    manche    the   sleeve 

la  ceinture    the  belt 

le  col    the  collar 

la  doublure  the  lining 

le  jupon   the  underskirt 

mettre  un  bouton   sew  on  a  button 

mettre  une  agrafe   sew  on  a  hook 

la    lingerie    the  underwear 

la  chemise    the  chemise 

le  corset    the  corset 

les  bretelles   the  suspenders 

les  jarretieres the  garters 

raccommoder  to  mend 

repriser   to  darn 

le  raccommodage   mending 

la   reprise    the  darn 

rectifier   to  alter 

rectifications alterations 

le  manteau   the  cloak 

GRAMMAIRE 
A  few  conjunctions: 

mais but 

et and 

ou or 

si   if 

ni,   ni    neither,  nor 

jusque    until 

car for,  because 

puisque as,   since    (causal) 

depuis since   (time) 

comme   as,  like 

ainsi thus 

aussi   also  —  as 

pourquoi why 

parceque    because 

que    that 

Quand when 

A  few  adverbs: 

ou  —  la.  —  y   where — there — there 

bien   well 

mal bad,  badly 

beaucoup    (de)     much,  many 

peu    (de) few,  little 

plus    (de)    more 

moins   Me)    . less 

assez    (de)    ... enough 

ne  plus no  more 


84  "OUR     METHOD" 

maintenant now 

trop    (de)    too  much,  too  many 

autant    (de)    as  much,  as  many 

combien   (de)    how  much,  how  many 

dessus above,  over 

dessous below,  underneath 

simplement simply 

and  all  those  obtained  by  adding  "ment"   to  th 
adjective:    "joliment". 

"Conditional"  of  the  verbs  used   in  this  lesson: 
This  tense  is  formed  by  adding:  ais,  ais,  ait,  ions 
iez,  aient  to  the  infinitive. 

Aimer  —  to  love,  like 

J'aimerais I  would  like 

tu   aimerais thou  wouldst  like 

il  aimerait he  would  like 

nous  aimerions we  would  like 

vous  aimeriez you  would  like 

ils   aimeraient    they  would  like 

Avoir  (irregular) 

J'aurais I  would  (should)  have 

tu  aurais   thou  wouldst  have 

il  aurait   he  would  have 

nous  aurions    we  would  have 

vous  auriez you  would  have 

ils  auraient  they  would  have 

il  y  aurait there  would  be 

£tre   (irregular) 

Je  serais I  would  be,  I  should  be 

tu  serais    thou  wouldst  be 

il   serait   he  would  be 

nous   serions    we  would  be 

vous  seriez   you  would  be 

ils  seraient they   would   be 

Vouloir  —  wish 

Je  voudrais I  would  wish,  like 

tu  voudrais  thou  wouldst  wish,  lik 

il    voudrait    he  would  wish,  like 

nous  voudrions    we  would  wish,  like 

vous   voudriez    you  would  wish,  like 

ils   voudraient    they  would  wish,  like 

Pouvoir  —  to  be  able,  could 

Je  pourrais  I  could,  I  would  be  able 

tu  pourrais  thou  couldst 

il  pourrait  he  could 

nous   pourrions    we  could 

vous   pourriez    you  could 

ils    pourraient    they  could 


OUR    METHOD'  ' 


85 


VERB  SECTION 

AIMER  —  TO  LIKE,  TO  LOVE 
1st  Conjugation 

Verbs  of  the  1st  conjugation  end  in  "ER"  and  are 
conjugated  as  follows   (when  regular) : 


Temps  simples 
Present 

I  love,  I  am  loving 
J'aime 

Tu  aimes 

II  (elle)    aime 
Nous  aimons 
Vous  aimez 
lis  aiment 

Imparfait 

I  loved,  I  used  to  love, 
I  was  loving 

J'aimais 
Tu    aimais 

II  (elle)   aimait 
Nous   aimions 
Vous   aimiez 
lis  aimaient 

Passe   defini 

(narrative  past) 

I  loved  or  liked,  I  did 
like 

J'aimai 
Tu   aimas 

II  aima 

Nous  aimames 
Vous   aimates 
lis    aimerent 


Temps  composes 
Passe  Indefini 

I  have  loved,  I  did  love 
J'ai  aime 

Tu  as  aime 

II  a  aime 

Nous  avons  aime 
Vous  avez  aime 
Ms  ont  aime 

Plus-que-Parfait 

I  had  loved 

J'avais    aime 
Tu  avais  aime 

II  avait  aime 
Nous   avions  aime 
Vous   aviez   aime 
Ms    avaient  aime 

Passe  anterleur 

I  had  loved 

J'eus  aime 
Tu   eus  aime 

II  eut  aime 
Nous  eumes  aime 
Vous   eutes   aime 
Ms  eurent  aime 


FUTUR 


Present 

I  shall  or  will  love 

J'aimerai 
Tu  aimeras 

II  aimera 
Nous  aimerons 
Vous  aimerez 
Ms  aimeront 


Futur  Anterieur 

I  shall    or    will     have 
liked 

J'aurai  aime 
Tu  auras  aime 

II  aura  aime 
Nous  aurons  aime 
Vous   aurez  aime 
Ms  auront  aime 


"OUR    METHOD" 


CONDITIONNEL 
Present 
I  should  or  would  love 


J'aimerais 
Tu   aimerais 
II  aimerait 
Nous  aimerions 
Vous  aimeriez 
Us  aimeraient 


love   (thou) 
Aime 


Passe 

I  should  or  would  have 
liked 

J'aurais   aime 
Tu  aurais  aime 

II  aurait  aime 
Nous  aurions  aime 
Vous  auriez  aime 
Ms  auraient  aime 


IMPeRATIF 
let  us  love 
Aimons 


love   (you) 
Aimez 


Present 
that  I  may  love 
Que  j'aime 
Que  tu  aimes 
Qu'il  aime 
Que  nous  aimions 
Que   vous  aimiez 
Qu'ils   aiment 

Imparfait 
that  I  might  love 
Que  j'aimasse 
Que  tu  aimasses 
Qu'il  aimat 
Que  nous  aimassions 
Que   vous    aimassiez 
Qu'ils  aimassent 

Present 
to  love,  to  like 
Aimer 


SUBJONCTIP 

Passe 
that  I  may  have  loved 
Que  j'aie  aime 
Que  tu  aies  aime 
Qu'il    ait  aime 
Que  nous  ayons  aime 
Que  vous  ayez  aime 
Qu'ils   aient   aime 

Plus-que-Parfait 
that  I  might  have  loved 
que  j'eusse  aime 
que   tu    eusses   aime 
qu'il  eiit  aime 
que  nous  eussions  aime 
que  vous  eussiez  aime 
qu'ils  eussent  aime 

INFINITIF 

Passe 
Avoir  aime 
to  have  loved 


PARTICIPE 


Present 
loving 
Aimant 
Some  verbs  conjugated 

much  in  use — 
agreer  —  to  agree 
accepter  —  to  accept 
allumer  — ■  to  light 
accuser  —  to  accuse 
accompagner  —  to 

accompany 


Passe 
loved,  having  loved 
Aime,  ayant  aime 

in  the  same  manner  and 

desirer  —  to  wish 
demeurer  —  to  live 
emporter  —  to  carry 

away 
etonner  —  to  astonish 
entrer  — •  to  enter 


"OUR    METHOD" 


87 


admirer  —  to  admire 
adresser  —  to  address 
approcher — to  approach 
arriver  —   to  arrive 
attirer  —  to  attract 
appeler  —  to  call 
bailler  —  to  yawn 
bruler  —  to  burn 
brosser  —  to  brush 
changer  —  to  change 
che  re  her — to   fetch,   get 
causer  —  to  talk 
cesser  —  to  cease 
crier  —  to  scream 
cultiver  —  to  cultivate 
couper  — ■  to  cut 
compter  —  to  count 
couter  —  to  cost 
copier  —  to  copy 
danser  —  to  dance 
casser  —  to  break 
cacher  —  to  hide 
chanter  —  to  sing 
dejeuner   —   to    break- 
fast 
demander  —  to  ask 
depenser  —  to  spend 


gagner  — -  to  earn,  win 
jouer  —  to  play 
jeter  —  to  throw 
laisser  —  to  leave,  let 
monter  —  to  go  up 
marcher  —  to  walk 
marquer  —  to  mark 
noyer  —  to  drown 
oser  —  to  dare 
passer  — ■  to  pass 
pousser  —  to  push 
pleurer  —  to  cry 
placer  —  to  place 
partager  —  to  share 
payer  —  to  pay 
rester  —  to  stay 
repeter  —  to  repeat 
retourner  —  to  come, 

go  back 
sauver  —  to  save 
sauter  —  to  jump 
trouver  —  to  find 
trembler  —  to  tremble 
travail ler  —  to  work 
voyager  —  to  travel 
voler  —  to  fly,  to  steal 


Verbs  of  this  conjugation  having  a  silent  "e"  be- 
fore the  last  syllable,  like  semer  (to  sow), 
lever  (to  raise),  change  that  "e"  into  an  open 
"e"  before  a  mute  syllable. 

Ex.:     je  seme  (I  sow)  —  je  semerai  (I  will  sow) 
je  leve  (I  raise)  —  je  leverai  (I  will  raise) 

Some  verbs  ending  in  eler  and  eter,  instead  of 
changing  the  silent  e  into  an  open  e,  double 
the  "I"  or  the  "t"  before  a  mute  syllable. 

Ex.:     appeler  (to  call)  —  j'appelle,  nous  appelons 
jeter  (to  throw)  —  je  jette,  nous  jetons 


Verbs  in 
Ex.: 


"yer"  change  y  into  i  before  a  silent  e: 
j'essuie  —  I  wipe. 


88 


"OUR     METHOD 


FINIR  —  TO  FINISH,  TO  END 
2nd   Conjugation 

Verbs  of  the  second  conjugation  end  in  "IR". 
The   regular  verbs   of  that   conjugation   are   thus 
formed : 

INDICATIF 


Temps  simples 
Present 

I  finish,  I  am  finishing, 
I  do  finish 

Je  finis 
Tu   finis 

II  (elle)   finit 
Nous  finissons 
Vous    finissez 
lis  finissent 

Imparfait 

I  finished,      I   used   to 
finish,  I  was  finishing 

Je  finissais 
Tu   finissais 

II  finissait 
Nous  finissions 
Vous  finissiez 
lis   finissaient 

Passe   defini 
(narrative    past) 

I  finished,  I  did  finish 
Je  finis 

Tu    finis 

II  finit 

Nous   finlmes 
Vous  finttes 
lis  finirent 


Temps  composes 
Passe  Indefini 

I  have  finished 

J'ai  fini 
Tu  as  fini 

II  a  fini 

Nous  avons  fini 
Vous  avez  fini 
lis  ont  fini 

Plus-que-Partait 

I  had  finished 

J'avais  fini 
Tu  avais  fini 

II  avait  fini 
Nous   avions   fini 
Vous  aviez  fini 
Ms  avaient  fini 

Passe  anterieur 

I  had  finished 
J'eus  fini 

Tu  eus  fini 

II  eut  fini 
Nous   eumes   fini 
Vous  eutes  fini 
Ms  eurent  fini 


FUTUR 


Present 

I  will  or  shall  finish 

Je  finirai 
Tu  finiras 

II  finira 
Nous  finirons 
Vous  finirez 
Ms  finiront 


Futur  Anterieur 

I  shall  or  will  have 
finished 

J'aurai  fini 
Tu  auras  fini 

II  aura  fini 
Nous   aurons  fini 
Vous  aurez  fini 
Ms  auront  fini 


'OUR     METHOD 


89 


CONDITIONNEL 


Present 

I  should  or  would  finish 

Je  finirais 
Tu  finirais 

II  finirait 
Nous  finirions 
Vous  finiriez 
Ms  finiraient 


Passe 

I  should  or  would  have 
finished 

J'aurais  fini 
Tu   aurais  fini 

II  aurait  fini 
Nous  aurions  fint 
Vous  auriez  fini 
Ms   auraient  fini 


Finish  (thou) 
Finis 


IMP6RATIF 
Let  us  finish 
Finissons 

SUBJONCTIF 


Finish  (you) 
Finissez 


Present 
that  I  may  finish 

Que  je  finisse 
Que  tu  finisses 
Qu'il  (elle)  finisse 
Que  nous  finissions 
Que  vous  finissiez 
Qu'ils  finissent 

Imparfait 
that  I  might  finish 

Que  je  finisse 
Que  tu  finisses 
Qu'il  fintt 

Que    nous   finissions 
Que  vous  finissiez 
Qu'ils  finissent 


Passe 

that    I    may    have  fin- 
ished 

Que  j'aie  fini 

Que  tu  aies  fini 

Qu'il  ait  fini 

Que  nous  ayons  fini 

Que  vous  ayez  fini       > 

Qu'ils  aient  fini 

Plus-que-Parfait 

that  I  might  have   fin- 
ished 

Que  j'eusse  fini 

Que  tu  eusses  fini 

Qu'il  eut  fini 

Que   nous    eussions  fini 

Que  vous  eussiez  fini 

Qu'ils  eussent  fini 


Present 


Finir 
to  finish 


INFINITIF 

Passe 
Avoir  fini 
to  have  finished 


PARTICIPE 
Present  Passe 

finishing  finished 

having   finished 
Finissant  Fini,  ayant  fini 

Notice  the  "iss'  which  appears  in  almost  all  the 
tenses  of  this  conjugation:  finissons,  finissez, 
etc.  All  the  regular  verbs  of  this  conjugation 
are  formed  in  the  same  manner: 


90 


'OUR     METHOD 


punir  —  to  punish 
benir  —  to  bless 
accomplir  —  to  accom- 
plish 
agir  — ■  to  act 
applaudir  — ■  to  applaud 
agrandir  —  to  enlarge, 
assortir  —  to  match 
blanchir  —  to  whiten 
batir  —  to  build 
choisir  —  to  choose 
desobeir   —   to   disobey 
demolir  — ■  to  demolish 
guerir  — ■  to  cure 
grandir  —  to  grow  tall 
grossir  —  to  grow  stout 
etablir  —  to  establish 


unir  —  to  unite 
reunir  —  to  reunite 
reussir  —  to  succeed 
enrichir  — -  to  enrich 
nourrir  —  to  feed 
obeir  —  to  obey 
punir  —  to  punish 
palir  —  to  grow  pale 
ha'ir  —  to  hate 
salir  —  to  soil 
saisir  — ■  to  seize 
trahir  —  to  betray 
remplir  —  to  fill 
rotir  —  to  roast 
reussir  — ■  to  succeed 
unir,  reunir  —  to  unite 
vieillir  —  to  grow  old 


3rd  Conjugation 
Verbs  of  the  third  conjugation  end  in  "OIR". 
Recevoir  —  To  receive 
INDICATIF 


Temps    simples 

Simple  tenses 

Present 

I  receive,   I   do   receive 

I  am  receiving 
Je  r ego  is 

Tu  regois 

II  (elle)   regoit 
Nous   recevons 
Vous  recevez 
lis  regoivent 

Imparfait 
I  received 
I  was  receiving 

I  used  to  receive 
Je  recevais 

Tu  recevais 

II  recevait 
Nous  recevions 
Vous   receviez 

Ms   (elles)    recevaient 


Temps  composes 
Compound  tenses 
Passe  Indefini 
I  have  received 

I  did   receive 
J'ai  regu 

Tu  as  regu 

II  a  regu 

Nous  avons   regu 
Vous  avez  regu 
Us  ont  regu 

Plus-que-Parfait 

I  had  received 

J'avais  regu 
Tu  avais  regu 

II  avait  regu 
Nous   avions    regu 
Vous  aviez  regu 
lis  avaient  regu 


OUR    M  E  T  H  O  D" 


91 


Passe    Defini 
(narrative  past) 

I  received 
Je  regus 
Tu  regus 

II  recut 
Nous  regumes 
Vous  regQtes 
lis  regurent 


Passe    Anterieur 

I  had  received 
J'eus   regu 

Tu  eus  regu 

II  eut  regu 
Nous  eumes  regu 
Vous  eutes  regu 
Us  eurent  regu 


FUTUR 


Present 

I  shall  or  will  receive 

Je  recevrai 
Tu   recevras 

II  recevra 
Nous  recevrons 
Vous  recevrez 
Ms   recevront 


Futur  Anterieur 

I  shall  or  will  have  re- 
ceived 

J'aurai  regu 
Tu  auras  regu 

II  aura  regu 
Nous  aurons  regu 
Vous  aurez  regu 
lis  auront  regu 


CONDITIONNEL 


Present 

I  should   or   would 
ceive 

Je  recevrais 
Tu   recevrais 

II  recevrait 
Nous  recevrions 
vous  recevriez 
lis  recevraient 


Passe 

I  should  or  would  have 
received 

J'aurais  regu 
Tu  aurais  regu 

II  aurait   regu 
Nous   aurions    regu 
Vous  auriez  regu 
lis  auraient  regu 


Receive 
Regois 


IMPeRATIP 
Let  us  receive 
Recevons 


receive  (you) 
Recevez 


STJBJONCTIF 


Present 

That  I  may  receive 

que  je  regoive 
que  tu  regoives 
qu'il  regoive 
que  nous   recevions 
que  vous  receviez 
qu'ils  regoivent 


Passe 
That  I  may  have  re- 
ceived 
que  j'aie   regu 
que  tu  aies  regu 
qu'il  ait  regu 
que  nous  ayons  regu 
que  vous  ayez  regu 
qu'ils  aient  regu 


92 


OUR     METHOD" 


Imparfait 
that  I  might  receive 

que  je  recusse 
que  tu  recusses 
qu'il    recut 
que  nous  regussions 
que  vous  recussiez 
qu'ils  regussent 


Plus-que-Parfait 
that   I    might   have    re- 
ceived 
que  j'eusse  regu 
que  tu   eusses   recu 
qu'il  eut  regu 
que   nous  eussions   recu 
que  vous  eussiez  regu 
qu'ils  eussent  recu 


Present 
to  receive 
recevoir 


INFINITIF 

Passe 
to  have  received 
avoir  regu 


Present 
receiving 

Recevant 


PARTICIPE 

Passe 
received 
having  received 
regu  —  ayant  regu 


Devoir    (to   owe)    —  which   is   conjugated   in   the 
same  manner  as  "recevoir"  —  is  used  thus: 

Je  dois  —  I  owe  —  I  must  —  I  am  to 
Je  devais  —  I  was  to,  I  owed 
J'ai  du  —  I  had  to  —  I  must  have 
Je  devrais  —  I  ought  to 
J'aurais  du  —  I  ought  to  have 

Ex.:     Je  dois  y  aller  ce  soir 

I  am  to  go  there  to-night 

Je  devais  y  aller  —  I  was  to  go  there 

J'ai  du  y  aller  —  I  had  to  go  there 

J'ai  du  Poublier  —  I  must  have  forgotten  it 

Je  devrais  y  aller  —  I  ought  to  go  there 

J'aurais  du  y  aSler  — 

I  ought  to  have  gone  there 

The    only    other    verbs    conjugated    in    the    same 
manner : 


rede  voir  —  to  owe  again 
concevoir  — to  conceive 
decevoir  —  to  deceive 


apercevoir — to   perceive 

to  get  a  glimpse  of 

percevoir  —  to  perceive 

to  collect   (tax) 


"OUR    M  E  T  H  O  D" 


93 


4th   Conjugation 
Verbs  of  the  fourth  conjugation  end  in  ''RE". 


Vendre 


to  sell 


INDICATIF 


Temps  simples 
Present 

I  sell,  do  sell,  I  am 
selling 

Je  vends 
Tu   vends 

II  vend 

Nous  vendons 
Vous  vendez 
Ms  vendent 

Imparfait 

I  sold,  I  was  selling 
I  used  to  sell 

Je  vendais 
Tu  vendais 

II  vendait 
Nous  vendions 
Vous  vendiez 
lis  vendaient 

Passe   Defini 
(narrative  past. 

I  sold 

Je  vendis 
Tu  vendis 

II  vendit 
Nous  vendtmes 
Vous  vendites 
Ms  vendirent 


Temps   composes 
Passe  Indefini 

I  have  sold 

J'ai   vendu 
Tu  as  vendu 

II  a  vendu 

Nous  avons  vendu 
Vous  avez  vendu 
Ms  ont  vendu 

Plus-que-Parfait 

I  had  sold 

J'avais  vendu 
Tu  avais  vendu 

II  avait  vendu 
Nous  avions  vendu 
Vous  aviez  vendu 
Ms  avaient  vendu 

Passe  Anterieur 

I  had  sold 
J'eus  vendu 
Tu   eus  vendu 

II  eut  vendu 
Nous  eumes  vendu 
Vous  eutes  vendu 
Ms  eurent  vendu 


FUTUR 


Present 
♦  I  shall  or  will  sell 

Je  vendrai 
Tu  vendras 
II  vendra 
Nous  vendrons 
Vous  vendrez 
Ms  vendront 


Futur    Anterieur 

I  shall  or  will  have  sold 

J'aurai  vendu 
Tu  auras  vendu 

II  aura  vendu 
Nous  aurons  vendu 
Vous  aurez  vendu 
Ms  auront  vendu 


94 


"OUR    METHOD' 


CONDITIONNEL 


Present 

I  should  or  would  sell 

Je  vendrais 
Tu  vendrais 

II  vendrait 
Nous  vendrions 
Vous  vendriez 
Ms  vendraient 


Passe 

I  should  or  would  have 
sold 

J'aurais  vendu 
Tu  aurais  vendu 

II  aurait  vendu 
Nous   aurions  vendu 
Vous   auriez   vendu 
Ms  auraient  vendu 


Vends  — ■  sell 
Vendons  —  let  us  sell 

Present 
that  I  may  sell 
que  je  vende 
que  tu  vendes 
qu'il  vende 
que    nous   vendions 
que  vous  vendiez 
qu'ils  vendent 

Imparfait 
that  I  might  sell 
que  je  vendisse 
que  tu  vendisses 
qu'il  vendtt 
que  nous  vendissions 
que  vous   vendissiez 
qu'ils  vendissent 

Present 
to  sell 
Vendre 

Present 
selling 
Vendant 


IMPfiRATIF 

Vendez 


sell   (you) 


Passe 
That  I  may  have  sold 
que  j'aie  vendu 
que  tu  aies  vendu 
qu'il  ait  vendu 
que  nous  ayons  vendu 
que  vous  ayez  vendu 
qu'ils  aient  vendu 

PlUS-que-Parfait 
That  I  might  have  sold 
que  j'eusse  vendu 
que  tu  eusses  vendu 
qu'il  eut  vendu 
que  nous  eussionsvendu 
que  vous  eussiez  vendu 
qu'ils  eussent  vendu 


INFINITIF         Passe 
to  have  sold 
avoir  vendu 
PARTICIPE  Passe 

sold,  having  sold 
Vendu  (e),  ayant  vendu 

Some  verbs  conjugated  in  the  same  manner: 
descendre — to  go  down      tendre  —  to  stretch 


to  descend 
defendre  —  to  defend 
to  forbid 
entendre  —  to  hear 
etendre  —  to  spread 
fond  re  —  to  melt 
fend  re  —  to  split 
interrom presto  interrupt 
mordre  .— r  to  bite 
pretendre \—  to  pretend 


out,  to  extend 
suspendre  —  to  suspend 
perdre  —  to  lose 
rendre —  to  give  back; 

to  return 
repandre  —  to   spread, 
to  scatter 
repondre  —  to  answer 
rompre  —  to  break 
attend  re  — ■  to  wait 


OUR     METHOD 


95 


VERBES   IRREGULIERS 
IRREGULAR  VERBS 

1st  Conjugation 
Aller  —  to  go 
Ind.  Pres.:  Je  vais,  tu  vas,  il  va,  allons,  allez,  vont 
Imparf.:       J'allais 
P.  defini:     j'allai,  tu  alias 
Futur:  J'irai 

Cond.:  J'irais 

Imperatif:   Va,  allons,  allez 
Subj.  Pres.:  Que  j'aille,  s,  e,  allions,  ez,  aillent 
Imp.  Que  j'allasse 

Part.  Pres.:  Allant 
P.  Passe:     £tant  alle 
P.  Ind.:         Je  suis  alle 

Conjugate  in  the  same  way:S'en  aller  —  to  go 
away  —  in  the  pronominal  form. 
Ex.:    Je  m'en  vais,  tu  t'en  vas,  nous  nous  en  allons 

Je  m'en  allais  —  nous  nous  en  allions 

P.  def.:  Je  m'en  allai 

Fut.:  Je  m'en  irai 

Cond.:   Je  m'en  irais 

Imper.:  Va-t'en,  al Ions-nous  en,  allez-vous  en 

Subj.  Pres.  Que  je  m'en  aille 

Imparf.:   Que  je  m'en  allasse 

Part.  Pres.:   S'en  allant 

P.  Passe:  S'en  etant  alle 

P.  Ind.:   Je  m'en  suis  alle 

Vous  vous  en  etes  alles 

Aller  chercher go  and  get 

aller  voir   go  and  see 

aller  dire  go  and  tell 

aller  en  voiture   ride 

aller  a  cheval    horseback 

aller  en  chemin  de  fer. ..  by  railway 


Envoyer  —  to  send 

J'envoie,  nous  envoyons,  i Is  envoient 

J'envoyais 

J'envoyai 

J'enverrai 

J'enverrais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  j'envoie,  que  nous  envoyions 
Imp.:  Que  j'envoyasse 

Part.  Pres:   Envoyani      :.  —  ■ 
P.  Pass§:       Ayant  envoys 


Ind.  Pres.: 
Imparf. : 
P.  d6fini: 
Futur : 
Cond.: 


96 


OUR    METHOD" 


2nd   Conjugation 

Sortir  —  to  go  out 

Ind.  Pres.:     Je  sors,  nous  sortons 

Imparf. :  Je  sortais 

P.  defini:       Je  sortis 

Futur:  Je   sortirai 

Cond.:  Je  sortirais 

Subj.  Pres.  Que  je  sorte 

Imp.:  Que  je  sortisse 

Part.  Pres.:   Sortant 

P.  Passe:        Sorti,  etant  sorti   (je  suis  sorti) 
In  the  same  way: 

Partir  —  start  (etre) 
Sentir  —  feel,  smell    (avoir) 
Mentir  —  to  lie  (avoir) 
Dormir  —  sleep  (avoir) 
Ressentir  —  feel,  experience 
Dementir  —  to   deny 
S'endormir  —  fall  asleep  (etre) 
Se  repentir  —  repent 
Servir  —  serve  (avoir) 


Ind.  Pres.: 
Imparf.: 
P.  defini: 
Putur: 
Cond.: 


lez, 


Venir  —  to  come 
Je  viens,  s,  t,  venons,  viennent 
Je  venais 

Je  vins,  nous  vinmes,  tes,  rent 
Je  viendrai 
Je  viendrais 
Subj.    Pres.:    Que   je   vienne,    s,    e,   venions, 

iennent 
Imp.:  Que  je  vinsse 

Part.  Pres.:  Venant 
P.  Passe:       etant  venu,  je  suis  venu 
Conjugate  in  the  same  way: 

Revenir  —  return   (etre) 
Devenir  —  become   (etre) 
Se  souvenir  —  remember  (etre) 
Convenir  —  suit   (avoir) 
Convenir  —  agree   (etre) 
Circon venir  —  get  around  (avoir) 
parvenir  —  succeed,  reach   (etre) 
tenir  —  hold   (avoir) 
entretenir  —  keep  up   (avoir) 
retenir  —  retain  (avoir) 
soutenir  —  support   (avoir) 
appartenir  —  belong   (avoir) 
maintenir  —  maintain  (avoir) 
Contenir  —  contain   (avoir) 


"OUR    METHOD' 


97 


Ouvrir  —  Open 

Ind.  Pres.:     J'ouvre,  es,  e,  ouvrons,  ez,  ent 

Imparf.:         J'ouvrais 

P.  defini:       J'ouvris 

Futur:  J'ouvrirai.  Cond.:    J'ouvrirais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  j'ouvre,  que  nous  ouvrions 

Imp.:  Que  j'ouvrisse 

Part.  Pres.:   Ouvrant 

P.  Passe:       Ayant  ouvert  (j'ai  ouvert) 
In  the  same  way: 

Entr'ouvrir  —  open  a  little   (avoir) 
Couvrir  —  cover   (avoir) 
Recouvrir  —  cover  again  (avoir) 
Decouvrir  —  discover,  uncover   (avoir) 
Offrir  —  to  offer  (avoir) 
Souffrir  —  suffer  (avoir) 

Courir  —  run 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  cours,  s,  t,  ons,  ez,  ent 
Imparf.:         Je  courais 
P.  defini:       Je  courus 
Futur:  Je  courrai 

Cond.:  Je  courrais 

Subj.  Pres.:  Que  je  coure 
Imp.:  Que  je  courusse 

Part.  Pres.:    Courant 
P.  Passe:        Couru,  ayant  couru 

Accourir  —  to  run  to 

Concourir  —  to  compete 

Discourir  —  to  discourse 

Parcourir  —  run  over 

Recourir  —  have  recourse 

Secourir  —  to  succor 


Cueillir  —  pick,  gather 

Je  cueille,  nous  cueillons 

Je  cueillais 

Je  cueillis,  nous  cueillimes 

Je  cueillerai         Cond.:     Je  cueillerais 

Que  je  cueille 

Que  je  cueillisse 

Cueillant 

Ayant  cueilli 
Accueillir  —  to  greet 
Recueillir  —  to  collect,  gather 
Se  recueillir  —  to  collect  one's  thoughts 
to  meditate 


Ind.  Pres.: 
Imparf. : 
P.  defini: 
Futur : 
Subj.  Pres. 
Imp.: 

Part.  Pr6s. 
P.  Passe: 


98 


'OUR    METHO  D" 


Assaillir   (assail)   and  Tressaillir  (start)   differ 
in  the  future,  where  the  "i"  is  retained: 
Je  tressaillirai 
J'assaillirai 


Ind.  Pres. 

Imparf . : 
P.  defini: 
Futur: 


Conquerir  —  Conquer 
Je  conquiers,  s,  t,  conquerons,  ez,  i Is 
conquierent 
Je  conquerais 
Je   conquis 

Je  conquerrai     Cond.:   Je  eonquerrais 
Subj.   Pres.:    Que   je   conquiere,   conquerions,   con- 
quierent 
Imp.:  Que  je  conquisse 

Part.   Pres.:    Conquerant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  conquis,  j'ai   conquis 
Acquerir  —  acquire 
S'enquerir  —  enquire 
Requerir  —  require 

Querir  —  fetch    (only   used   in   the   in- 
finitive 
Ex.:     Allez  querir  —  go  fetch 


Mourir  —  die 
Je   meurs,    mourons,   ez,    ils   meurent 


Ind.   Pres. 
Imparf. : 
P.  defini: 
Futur : 


Je  mourais 
Je  mourus 

Je    mourrai  Cond.:    Je   mourrais 

meure,      mourions,      qu'ils 


Subj.  Pres.:    Que     je 
meurent 

Imp.:  Que  je  mourusse 

Part.  Pres.:    Mourant 

P.  Passe.:        Etant  mort,  il  est  mort 
Mourir  de  faim  —  starve 
Mourir  de  peur  —  die  with  fright 


Bouillir  —  boil 
Je  bous,  nous  bouillons,  ez,  bouillent 
Je    bouillais 
Je  bouillis 

Je   bouillirai  Cond.:    Je   boulllirais 

Que  je  bouille 
Que  je   bouillisse 
Bouillant 
Ayant  bou i i It 
Ayant   bouilli,  j'ai    bouilli 


Ind.  Pres.: 
Imparf. : 
P.  defini: 
Futur : 
Subj.  Pres.: 
Imp.: 

Part.  Pres.: 
P.  Passe : 
P.  Passe : 


OUR    METHOD' 


99 


Cond.:    Je  vetirais 


Vetir  —  clothe 

Ind.  Pres.:     Je  vets,  nous  vetons 

Imparf.:         Je  vetais 

P.  defini:       Je  vetis 

Futur:  Je  vetirai 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  vete 

Imp.:  Que  je  vetisse 

Part.  Pres.:   Vetant 

P.  Passe:       Ayant  vetu,  j'ai  vetu,  je  suis  vetu 
Revet ir  —  to  clothe  again,  invest 
devetir  —  undress,  divest 


Fuir  —  flee 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  fuis,  fuyons,  ils  fuient 
Imparf.:         Je  fuyais 
P.  defini:       Je  fuis 

Futur:  Je  fuirai        Cond.:  Je  fuirais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  fuie,  fuyions,  fuient 
Imp.:  Que  je  fuisse 

Part.  Pres.:    Fuyant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  fui 


S'enfuir 


run  away,  escape 


Faillir  —  Fail,  come  near 
Only  used  in  the  P.  def.:  Je  fail  I  is;   compound 
tenses: J'ai   failli    (I  came  nearly)    and  futur:    Je 
faiiiirai. 

OuTr  —  to  hear 
only  used  in  the  past  part:  J'ai  ou'i  dire  —  I  heard 
say. 


3rd  Conjugation   (oir) 

Savoir  —  know 
Je  sais,  s,  t,  savons,  ez,  ent 
Je  savais 
Je  sus 
Je  saurai         Cond.:    Je  saurais 


Ind.  Pres.: 

Imparf.: 

P.  defini: 

Futur: 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  sache 

Imp.:  Que  je  susse 

Imperatif:       Sache,   sachons,   sachez,    qu'il    sache 

(let  him  know) 
Part.  Pres.:  Sachant 
P.  Pass6:       Ayant  su;  j'ai  su 


100 


"OUR     METHOD" 


Pouvoir  —  be  able 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je   peux  or  je   puis,  tu   peux,  t,   pou- 
vons,  ez,  ils  peuvent 
Je  pouvais 


Imp.: 

P.  defini: 

Futur : 


Cond.:   Je  pourrais 


Je  pus 

Je  pourrai 
Subj.  Pres.  Que  je  puisse 
Imp.:  Que  je  pusse 

Part.  Pres.:   Pouvant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  pu;  j'ai  pu 
Imperatif:      Qu'il  puisse 
Subjonctive  use:    Puisse-t-il  —  may  he! 

Puissiez-vous  —  may  you! 


Ind.  Pres. 

Imp.: 

P.  defini: 

Futur: 


Je  voudrais 
veuillent 


Vouloir  —  wish,  want 

Je  veux,  x,  t,  voulons,  ez,  veulent 

Je  voulais 

Je  voulus 

Je  voudrai  Cond.: 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  veuille,  voulions. 
Imp.:  Que  je  voulusse 

Part.  Pres.:  Voulant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  voulu 
Imperatif:     Veuille,  veuillez 

Dieu  veuille  —  God  grant! 
Veuillez  entrer  —  please  walk  in 
Valoir  (be  worth):   Je  vaux,  valons,  que  je  vaille 
Prevaloir  (prevail):  Subj.:  Que  je  prevale 
£quivaloir  (equal,  be  equal  to) 


Je  verrais 
e,    voyions,  voyiez, 


Voir  —  to  see 
Je  vois,  s,  t,  voyons,  ez,  voient 
Je  voyais 
Je  vis 

Je  verrai  Cond 
Que  je  voie,  es, 
voient 

Que  je  visse 
Ayant  vu;  j'ai  vu 
Revoir  (see  again) 
Prevoir   (foresee)    same  as  "Voir",  except  in  the 

future  and  Cond.:   Je  prevoirai   (s), 
Pourvoir  (provide),  same  as  "voir",  except  in  the 
future  and  cond.:  je  pourvoirai  (s)  and  in  the 
past  def. :  je  pourvus. 


Ind.  Pres.: 

Imp.: 

P.  defini: 

Futur: 

S'ubj.  Pres.: 

Imp.: 

P.  Passe: 


'OUR    METHOD"  101 


S'asseoir  —  sit  down 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  m'assieds,  nous  nous  asseyons,  ez, 

asseyent 
Imp.:  Je  m'asseyais 

P.  defini:       Je  m'assis 

Futur:  Je  m'assierai        Cond.:  Je  m'assierais 

S'ubj.  Pres.:   Que  je  m'asseye 
Imp.:  Que  je  m'assisse 

Part.  Pres.:   S'asseyant 
P.  Passe:       S'etant  assis;  je  me  suis  assis 
There  is  a  second  form  of  this  verb,  thus: 

Je  m'assois,  assoyons,  assoyez 

Je  m'assoyais 

Je  m'assoirai 

Que  je  m'assoie 
Seoir    (become)    —  sied    (becomes)    like   asseoir. 
Seoir  (be  situated)  used  only  in  sis,  sise  (situated). 

Mouvoir  —  Move 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  meus,  s,  t,  mouvons,  ez,  meuvent 
Imp.:  Je  mouvais 

P.  defini:       Je  mus,  tu  mus,  il  mut 
Futur:  Je  mouvrai         Cond.:  Je  mouvrais 

Subj.    Pres.:    Que   je    meuve,   nous   mouvions,    ez, 

meuvent  Imp.:      Que  je  musse 

Part.  Pres.:   Mouvant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  mu;  j'ai  mu 

Emouvoir  —  move   (morally),  affect 
Falloir  —  must,  have  to 
See  impersonal  verbs 
Pleuvoir  —  rain       See  impersonal  verbs 

Choir  —  fall 
used  only  in:    Chu  —  fallen;    Future:    Cherrai  or 
choirai   (obsolete  tenses)., 

Dechoir  —  fall,  degenerate 
conjugated  like  voir,  with  etre  or  avoir,  according 
to  whether  action  (avoir)  or  condition  (etre) 
is  expressed. 

Echoir  —  chance  to  be,  to  fall  due 
used  only  as  follows: 
Ind.  Pres.:      il  echoit  —  it  falls  due 
P.  defini:       il  echut 
Futur:  il  echerra 

Subj.  Pres.:   qu'il  echoie      Imp.:     qu'il  echut 
Part.  Pres.:le  cas  echeant  —  if  it  should  happen 
(the  case  presenting  itself) 
P.  Passe:       echu   (etre) 


102  "OUR     METHOD" 

4th  Conjugation 

Mettre  —  put 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  mets,  s,  t,  mettons,  ez,  ent 
Imp.:  Je  mettais       P.  defini:       Je  mis 

Futur:  Je   mettrai  Cond.:    Je   mettrais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  mette         Imp.:   Que  je  misse 
Part.  Pres.:    Mettant      P.  Passe:       Mis;  j'ai  mis 

Se  mettre  a  —  to  set  about  to 

Se   mettre  a  I'aise  —  to  make  oneself 
comfortable 

Admettre  —  admit 

Commettre  —  commit 

Se  demettre  —  resign 

S'entremettre  —  intervene 

Permettre  —  permit 

promettre  —  promise 

soumettre  —  submit 

transmettre  —  transmit 

remettre  —  remit,  postpone 

Battre  —  beat 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  bats,  ts,  s,  battons,  ttez,  ttent 
Imp.:  Je  battais        P.  defini:       Je  battis 

Futur:  Je   battrai         Cond.:   Je  battrais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  batte     Imp.:    Que  je  battisse 
Part.  Pres.:   Battant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  battu;  j'ai  battu 

A  battre  —  fell,  cut  down,  lay  down, 
depress 

Combattre  —  to  fight 

Se  battre  —  to  fight 

debattre  —  debate,  discuss,  struggle 

Rabattre — beat  down,  flatten,  turn  down 

Rebattre  —  beat  again 

Rebattre   les   oreilles  —  keep  on   re- 
peating 

Apprendre  —  learn 
Ind.    Pres.:     J'apprends,    nous    apprenons,    ez,    ils 

apprennent 
Imp.:  J'apprenais 

P.  defini:       J'appris 

Futur:  J'apprendrai  Cond.:    J'apprendrais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  j'apprenne,  que  nous  apprenions, 

qu'ils  apprennent 
Imp.:  Que  j'apprisse 

Part.  Pres.:  Apprenant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  appris   (j'ai  appris) 


"OUR     METHOD"  103 

Prendre  —  take 
Entreprendre  —  undertake 
Com  prendre  —  understand 
Reprendre  —  resume,  take  up  again 
Surprendre  —  surprise 
Se  meprendre  —  mistake 

Conduire  —  conduct 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  conduis,  s,  t,  conduisons,   ez,   ent 
Imp.:  Je  conduisais 

P.  defini:       Je  conduisis 

Putur:  Je  conduirai  Cond.:    Je  conduirais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  conduise 
Imp.:  Que  je  conduisisse 

Part.  Pres.:   Conduisant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  conduit  (j'ai  conduit) 

Instruire  —  instruct,  teach 

Induire  —  induce  —  induct 

Cuire  —  to  cook 

Construire  —  construct,  build 

Deduire  —  deduce,  deduct 

Introduire  —  introduce 

Produire  —  produce 

Reduire  —  reduce 

Seduire  —  seduce,  lure 

Trad  u  ire  —  translate 
Luire    (glitter)    and    Nuire    (injure)    differ   in   the 
past  principle:   nui,  lui. 


Faire  —  do,  make 

Ind.  Pres. 

Je   fais,   s,   t,   faisons,   vous   faites,    ils 

font 

Imp.: 

Je  faisais               P.  defini:       Je  fis 

Futur : 

Je  ferai                  Cond.:   Je  ferais 

Subj.  Pres. 

:  Que  je  fasse         Imp.:      Que  je  fisse 

Part.  Pres.:   Faisant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  fait   (j'ai  fait) 
Imperatif:      Faites   —    (Faites-moi    le    plaisir    (do 
me  the  pleasure). 
Conjugate  like  "Faire": 

Defaire  —  to  undo 

Refaire  —  do  over 

Surfaire  —  overcharge,  overrate 

Contrefaire   —   counterfeit,   imitate, 

mimic 
Satisfaire  —  to  satisfy 
Note — In  the  old  French  "nous  faisons"  was  spelt 
fesons  —  this  pronunciation,  in  spite  of  the 
"ai",  has  been  preserved. 
(See  idioms,  page   147.) 


104  "OUR     METHOD" 

Dire  —  say,  tell 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  dis,  s,  t,  disons,  vous  dites,  disent 
Imp.:  Je  disais 

P.  defini:       Je  dis 

Futur:  Je  dirai         Cond.:   Je  dirais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  dise 
Imp.:  Que  je  disse 

Part.  Pres.:    Disant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  dit  (j'ai  dit) 
Red  ire   (say,  tell  over)  is  conjugated  exactly  like 

"dire". 
The  following  verbs  differ  only  in  the  2nd  pers. 
pi.   of  the   pres.   ind.   and   imperative,      being 
ended  in  "ez"  instead  of  "tes":   vous  dedisez. 
Contredire  —  contradict 
Dedire  —  retract,  deny 
medire  —  to  slander,  talk  ill  of 
Predire  —  to  predict 
confire  —  put  up  preserves 
Suffire  —  suffice  —  as  others,  except 
past  part:    suffi. 

H*      Rire  —  laugh 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  ris,  s,  t,  rions,  riez  rient 
Imp.:  Je   riais,  nous  riions,  riiez,  riaient 

P.  defini:       Je  ris 

Futur:  Je   rirai  Cond.:    Je   rirais 

Subj.  Pres.:    Que  je  rie,  que  nous  riions,  rient 
Imp.:  Que  je  risse 

Part.  Pres.:    Riant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  ri   (j'ai  ri) 
Sourire  —  to  smile 

£crire  —  write 
Ind.  Pres.:     J'ecris,  nous  ecrivons,  ez,  ecrivent 
Imp.:  J'ecrivais 

P.  defini:       J'ecrivis 

Futur:  J'ecrirai  Cond.:    J'ecrirais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  j'ecrive 
Imp.:  Que  j'ecrivisse 

Part.  Pres.:    Ecrivant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  ecrit  (j'ai  ecrit) 

Decrire  —  describe 

Inscrire  —  inscribe 

Prescrire  —  prescribe 

Proscrire  —  proscribe 

Souscrire  —  subscribe 

Transcrire  —  transcribe 


"OUR    METHOD' 


105 


Connaitre  —  know 
Ind.   Pres.:     Je  connais,   connaisscns,   aissez,   con- 

naissent 
Imp.:  Je   connaissais 

P.  defini:       Je  connus 

Futur:  Je   connaitrai      Cond.:    Je   connattrais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  connaisse 
Imp.:  Que  je  connusse 

Part.  Pres.:   Connaissant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  connu    (J'ai  connu) 

Reconnattre  —  recognize 

Meconnaitre — ignore,  overlook,  deny   (rights), 

misjudge 
parattre  —  appear,  seem,  look  like 
apparaitre  —  appear 
disparattre  — ■  disappear 

croitre  —  to  grow         croissant  —  growing 
accroitre  —  to  increase 


Je  nattrais 


Nattre  —  to  be  born 
Je  nais,  nous  naissons 
Je   naissais 
Je  naquis 
Je  naitrai         Cond. 
Que  je  naisse 
Que  je  naquisse 
Naissant 
£tant  ne   (Je  suis  ne)    (ee) 

Renattre  —  be  born  again,  revive 
used  in  all  tenses  except  in  the  past  participle  and 
compounds. 


Ind.  Pres.: 
Imp.: 
P.  defini: 
Futur : 
Subj.  Pres. 
Imp.: 

Part.  Pres.: 
P.  Passe: 


Ind.  Pres.: 
Imparf. : 
P.  defini: 
Futur: 


Lire  —  read 
Je  lis,  s,  lisons,  ez,  lisent 


Je    lisais 

Je  lus 

Je   lirai 
Subj.  Pres.:  Que  je  lise 
Imp.:  Que  je  lusse 

Part.  Pres.:    Lisant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  lu  (J'ai  lu) 

Relire  —  read  over 
Elire  —  elect 
Reelire  —  re-elect 


Cond.:    Je  lirais 


106  "OUR     METHOD* ' 

Clore  —  close 
Ind.  only  used  as  follows: 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  clos,  s,  t  (no  plural) 
No  imperfect  or  past  definite. 
Futur:  Je  clorai  Cond.:    Je  clorais 

Subj.  Pres.:    Que  je  close 
P.  Passe:       clos  (se)    (J'ai  clos) 

£clore  —  blossom,  hatch,   dawn 

Plaire» —  please 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  plais,  s,  t,  plaisons,  ez,  ent 
Imp.:  Je   plaisais 

P.  defini:       Je  plus 

Futur:  Je  plairai         Cond.:   Je  plairais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  plaise 
Imp.:  Que  je   plusse 

Part.  Pres.:    Plaisant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  plu    (J'ai    plu) 

Deplaire  —  displease 
Complaire  —  comply,  humor 

Croire  —  believe 

Ind.  Pres.:  Je  crois,  s,  t,  croyons,  ez,  croient 

Imp.:  Je  croyais 

P.  defini:  Je  crus 

Futur:  Je  croirai         Cond.:   Je  croirais 

Subj.  Pres.:  Que  je  croie,  croyions,  croient 

Imp  :  Que  je  crusse 

Part.  Pres.:  Croyant 

P.   Passe:  Ayant  cru    (J'ai  cru) 

Accroire  —  only  used  in  "Faire  accroire"  —  to  im- 
pose upon  the  credulity  of  people,  make  be- 
lieve. 

Coudre  —  sew 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  couds,  s,  d,  cousons,  ez,  ent 
Imp.:  Je  cousais 

P.  defini:       Je  cousis 

Futur:  Je  coudrai         Cond.:   Je  coudrais 

Subj.  Pres.:   Que  je  couse,  ions,  iez,  ent 
Imp.:  Que  je  cousisse 

Part.  Pres.:   Cousant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  cousu   (J'ai  cousu) 

Decoudre  —  to  rip 
Recoudre  —  sew  over 


"OUR    METHOD"  107 

Moudre  —  grind 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  mouds,  ds,  d,  moulons,  lez,  lent 
Imp.:  Je  moulais 

P.  defini:       Je  moulus 

Futur:  Je  moudrai        Cond.:  Je  moudrais 

Subj.Pres.:    Que  je  moule,  que  nous  moulions 
Imp.:  Que  je  moulusse 

Part.  Pres.:    Moulant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  moulu   (J'ai  moulu) 

Emoudre  —  grind,  sharpen 

Remoudre  —  grind  again 

Absoudre  —  absolve 

Ind.  Pres.:     J'absous,  s,  t,  absolvons,  vez,  vent 

Imp.:  J'absolvais 

P.  defini:        (none) 

Futur:  J'absoudrai  Cond.:   J'absoudrais 

Subj.Pres.:  Que  j'absolve 

Imp.:  (none) 

Part.  Pres.:   Absolvant 

P.  Passe:       Ayant  absous  (te) ;  J'ai  absous 
Dissoudre  —  dissolve 

Resoudre  —  resolve  —  has  a  past  definite: 
Je   resolus,   and  two  past  participles,  ac- 
cording to  its  meaning: 
Resolu  • —  determined 
Resous  (te)  —  resolved  into  (chemic) 

Vivre  —  live 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  vis,  vis,  t,  vivons,  vivez,  vivent 
Imp.:  Je  vivais 

P.  defini:       Je  vecus 

Futur:  Je  vivrai  Cond.:    Je  vivrais 

Subj.  Pres.:  Que  je  vive,  vivions,  viviez,  vivent 
Imp.:  Que   je   vecusse 

Part.  Pres.:   Vivant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  vecu   (J'ai  vecu) 

Survivre  —  survive  —  like  Vivre 

Vaincre  —  vanquish 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  vaincs,  cs,  c,  vainquons,  ez,  ent 
Imp.:  Je  vainquais 

P.  defini:       Je  vainquis 

Futur:  Je  vaincrai        Cond.:  Je  vaincrais 

Subj.Pres.:    Que  je  vainque 
Imparf.:         Que  je  vainquisse 
Part.  Pres.:    Vainquant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  vaincu   (J'ai  vaincu) 
Convaincre  —  convince 


108 


OUR    METHOD" 


Craindre  —  fear 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  crams,  s,  t,  craignons,  ez,  ent 
Imp.:  Je  craignais 

P.  defini:       Je  craignis 

Putur:  Je  craindrai         Cond.:   Je  craindrais 

b'ubj.  Pres.:    Que  je  craigne,  gnions,  iez,  ent 
Imparf.:         Que  je  craignisse 
Part.  Pres.:   Craignant 
P.  Passe:       Ayant  craint  (J'ai  craint) 

atteindre  —  attain 

contraindre  —  constrain,  compel 

ceindre  —  gird 

eteindre  —  extinguish 

etreindre  —  clasp 

feindre  —  feign 

geindre  —  moan 

joindre  —  join 

oindre  —  anoint 

peindre  —  paint 

plaindre  —  pity 

teindre  —  to  dye 

se  plaindre  —  complain 


Conclure  —  conclude 
Ind.  Pres.:     Je  conclus,  concluons,  ez,  ent 
Imp.:  Je  concluais 

P.  defini:      .Je  conclus 
Futur:  Je  conclurai 


Cond.:   Je  conclurais 


Subj.  Pres. :  Que  je  conclue,  concluions 

Imp.:  Que  je  conclusse 

Part.  Pres.:  Concluant 

P.  Passe:  Ayant  conclu   (J'ai  conclu) 


PASSIVE,    PRONOMINAL   AND    SOME 
IMPERSONAL  VERBS 


Passive  Verbs 

The  passive  is  formed  by  using  the  auxiliary 
"to  be"  with  the  past  participle  of  the  verb  ex- 
pressed.   Ex.: 

etre  aime  —  to  be  loved 
Je  suis  aime  —  I  am  loved 
J'etais  aime  —  I  was  loved 
Je  serai  aime  —  I  shall  be  loved 


"OUR    METHOD''  109 

Pronominal  Verbs 
are  used  throughout  their  conjugation'  with  two 
pronouns,  one  as  subject,  the  other  as  object.  Ex.: 
Se  laver  —  wash  oneself 
Je  me  lave  —  I  wash  myself 
tu  te  laves  —  thou  washest  thyself 
il  se  lave  —  he  washes  himself 
nous  nous  lavons  —  we  wash  ourselves 
vous  vous  lavez  —  you  wash  yourselves 
ils  se  lavent  —  they  wash  themselves 
In  the  compounds  of  such  verbs  "etre"  is  al- 
ways used.    Ex.: 

Je  me  suis  amuse  —  I  amused  myself 

Vous  etes-vous  lave? — did  you  wash  yourself? 

Model  of  a  pronominal  verb: 
Se  coucher  —  to  lie  down 

Je  me  couche I  lie  down 

Je  me  couchais I  was  lying  down 

Je  me  suis  couche   I  have  lied  down 

II   s'est  couche    he  has  lied  down 

Je  me  coucherai   I  will  lie  down 

Vous  vous  coucherez   . . .  .you  will  lie  down 
Que  je  me  couche that  I  may  lie  down 

List  of  some  pronominal  verbs: 

s'amuser to  enjoy  oneself 

s'eveiller to  awake 

se  reveiller  to  awake 

s'endormir to  fall  asleep 

se  promener to  take  a  walk 

se   coiffer   to  dress  one's  hair 

se  lever   to  get  up 

se  laver   to  wash  (oneself) 

se  retourner  to  turn  back 

s'asseoir to  sit  down 

s'en  aller  to  go  away 

s'ecrier to  exclaim 

se  repentir   to   repent 

se   coucher   to  lie  down  (go  to  bed) 

One  also  says: 

Se  promener  en  voiture 

take  a  drive 
Se  promener  a  cheval 

take  a  horseback  ride 
Se  promener  en  automobile 

take  an  auto  ride 


110  "OUR     METHOD" 

Impersonal  Verbs 
Impersonal  verbs   are    conjugated    in   the   3rd 
person  singular  only,  as: 

Falloir  —  to  be  necessary,  to  require 
Ind.  Pres.:      II  faut 
Impart:         II  fallait 
P.  defini:       II  fallut 
Futur:  II  faudra 

Cond.:  II  faudrait 

Subj.  Pres.:  Qu'il  faille 
Imparf.:         Qu'il  fallut 
Passe  Ind.:     II  a  fallu 
Ex.:     II  faut  que  je  —  I  must 

II  fallait  que  je  —  I  had  to 
II  faudra  que  je  —  I  will  have  to 
Other  impersonal  verbs  are: 

Pleuvoir  —  to  rain 

il  pleut it  rains 

il  pleuvait  it  rained 

il  a  plu  —  il  plut it  has  rained 

il    pleuvra   it  will  rain 

il  pleuvrait  it  would  rain 

qu'il  pleuve,  qu'il  plut that  it  might  rain 

Neiger  —  to  snow 

I    neige    it  snows 

I  neigeait  it  snowed 

I  a  neige   it  has  snowed 

I    neigera    it  will  snow 

Geler  —  to  freeze 

I    gele .it  freezes 

I   gelait   it  froze 

I  a  gele it  has  frozen 

I  gelera it  will  freeze 

also:         Tonner  —  to  thunder 
venter  —  be  windy 

y  avoir   to  be  (there) 

il  y  a   there  is 

il  y  avait . .  there  was 

il  y  aura there  will  be 

il  y  a  eu there  has  been 

qu'il  y  ait   that  there  is 

Faire  (to  make)  is  impersonal  in  such  expres- 
sions as: 

il  fait  chaud   it  is  warm 

il   fait   beau    . . ... ....... .it  is  beautiful 

il  fait  froid   . . , . it  is  cold 

il  fait  du  soleil   ........  .  .it  is  sunny 


"OUR    METHOD"  111 

DOUZIEME  LEQON 
Twelfth  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

LE  DOCTEUR  —  LE  DENTISTE 

The  doctor  —  the  dentist 

Je  ne  me  sens  pas  bien  aujourd'hui. 

I  do  not  feel  well  today. 

Qu'avez-vous?  Vous  n'avez  pas  bonne 
mine.  —  Vous  avez  mauvaise  mine. 

What  have  you?  (What  is  the  matter  with  you?).  You 
don't   look   well.    —  You    look   bad. 

Je  ne  sais  pas;  je  voudrais  voir  un  docteur. 

I  do  not  know;  I  would  like  to  see  a  physician. 

Je  puis  vous  en  recommander  un  tres  bon 
qui  demeure  pres  d'ici. 

I  can  recommend  you  a  very  good  one  who  lives  near 

here. 

Vous  avez  de  la  fievre,  je  crois. 

You   have  fever,   I  believe. 

Dormez-vous  bien? 

Do  you  sleep  well? 

Avez -vous  des  douleurs  a  la  tete  —  dans  le 
cote  —  dans  le  dos? 

Have  you  any  pains  —  in  the  head  —  in  the  side  — 
in  the  back? 

II  faut  vous  soigner  et  vous  reposer. 

You  must  take  care  of  yourself  and  rest. 

Voici  une  ordonnance;  prenez  cette  mede- 
cine  —  cette  poudre  —  ces  pilules  — 
deux  fois  par  jour. 

Here  is  a  prescription  —  take  this  medicine  —  this 
powder  —  these  pills  —  twice  a  day. 

II  faut  que  je  sois  gueri  bientot. 

I  must  be  well   (cured)  soon. 

Suivez  bien  mes  instructions,  et  ne  faites  pas 
d'imprudences. 

Follow  my  instructions  and   don't  be   careless. 

Croyez-vous  qu  'une  operation  soit  neces- 
saire? 

Do  you  think  an  operation  will  be  necessary? 

C'est  ce  que  je  cherche  a  eviter. 

That  is  what  T  am  trying  to  avoid. 


112  'OUR     METHOD" 

J'ai  peur  de  l'hopital.    (Je  crains  l'hopital). 

I  am  afraid   of  the   hospital    (I  fear  the   hospital). 

Ne  craignez  rien;  votre  cas  n'est  pas  grave. 
Vous  serez  bientot  remis  (gueri). 

There  is  nothing-  to  fear;  your  case  is  not  serious.  You 
will  recover  soon. 

Ce  n'est  qu'un  mal  passager. 

It  is  but  a  passing  ailment. 

Chez  le  dentiste  —  At  the  dentist's 
J'ai  des  maux  de  dents  (mal  aux  dents). 

1   have   toothache. 

J'ai  une  dent  gatee  qui  me  fait  souffrir. 

i   have  a  decayed  tooth  that   causes   much  pain. 

Je  crois  bien!  Vos  gencives  sont  tout  en- 
flammees. 

I    should    think    so!      Your   gums   are    all    inflamed. 

Allez-vous  arracher  la  dent? 

Are  you   going   to  pull  the  tooth? 

J'essayerai  de  la  conserver. 

I  will  try  to  save  it. 

II  faudra  sans  doute  la  plomber,  l'aurifier. 

It  will  probably  be  necessary  to  fill  it  (put  a  gold 
filling). 

Mon  dernier  plombage  n'a  pas  tenu. 

My  last  filling  did  not  hold. 

Recommandez-moi  une  bonne  poudre  denti- 
frice (pate  dentifrice,  eau  dentifrice). 

Recommend  me  a  good  tooth  powder  —  tooth  paste  — 
tooth  wash. 

Ce  que  je  vous  recommande,  c'est  de  tou- 
jours  vous  servir  d'une  brosse  dure.  Ce- 
la  empeche  la  carie  de  se  former. 

What  I  do  recommend,  is  to  use  always  a  hard  brush. 
—  It  prevents  decaying. 

Combien  vous  dois-je?  Envoyez-moi  la  note. 

How  much  do  I  owe  you?  —  Send  me  the  bill. 

Revenez  demain. 

Come  back  to-morrow. 

VOCABULAIRE 

le  docteur,  medecin the  doctor 

le   dentiste    the  dentist 

le  pharmacien    the  druggist 

le  pedicure   the  chiropodist 


"OUR    METHOD"  113 

le   manicure    the  manicure 

le  remede,  medicament. ..  the  remedy 

la  medecine    the  medicine 

la  dent   the  tooth 

une  dent  gatee   a  decayed  tooth 

une  dent  creuse   a  hollow  tooth 

un  mal  de  tete a  headache 

digerer    to  digest 

avaler    swallow 

a  jeun    fasting  —  on  an  empty 

stomach 

maladie  de  cceur heart  trouble 

une   bronchite    a  bronchitis 

un    rhume    a   cold 

une  toux    a  cough 

tousser to  cough 

dormir    to  sleep 

maladie  de  poitrine   consumption 

la  poitrine the  chest 

la    gorge    the  throat 

les  amygdales    the  tonsils 

avoir  mal  a  la  gorge   ....  .to  have  a  sore  throat 

un  mal  de  gorge a  sore  throat 

mal  au  pied   sore  foot 

un   cor    a  corn 

tomber  de  fatigue to  be  exhausted 

tomber   malade    to  take  sick 

faire  chercher  le  medecin.to  send  for  the  doctor 

faire  une  operation    perform    an   operation 

des  nevralgies neuralgia 

la    rougeole    the  measles 

le   blessure    the  wound 

j'ai  ete  blesse  a I  have  been  wounded  in 

une  egratigmure   a  scratch 

le  sang   the  blood 

saigner to  bleed 

soigner to  take  care  of 

garde-malade    the  nurse 

infirmier  (iere)    the  nurse 

panser  to  dress  (a  wound) 

un  cataplasme   a  poultice 

bandage   bandage 

une  goutte  de a  drop  of 

la  ouate  hydrophile absorbent  cotton 

une  cuilleree  de    a  spoonful  of 

une  maladie  grave   a  serious  disease,  ill- 
ness 
une  legere  indisposition. .  .a  slight  indisposition 
un  leger  malaise a  slight  indisposition 


114  "OUR     METHOD" 

un  cas  serieux ^a  serious  case 

la  guerison   the  cure 

faire   les  ongles    to  manicure 

couper  les  ongles cut  the  nails 

limer  les  ongles   file  the  nails 

avoir  des  evanouisse- 

ments   fainting  spells 

se  trouver  mal,  s'evanouir.to  faint 

la  migraine  sick  headache 

etourdissement dizziness 

maladie  de  nerfs  nerve  trouble 

etat  nerveux nervous  condition 

les  os   bones 

une  attaque    a  stroke 

acces   spell 

tater  le  pouls  feel  the  pulse 

faire  la  sieste take  a  nap  —  a  rest 

GRAMMAIRE 
Use  of  the  tenses 
Present 
In  French  there  is  but  one  form  for  the  pres 
ent,  whereas  in  English  there  are  three: 

f     I  talk 
Ex.:    Je  parle  1      I  am  talking 

[     I  do  talk 

Imparfait 
Imperfect 
This  tense  corresponds  to  the  English:  "I  usee 
to"  or  "was",  followed  by  the  present  participle 
as:       Je  parlais  —  I  was  talking 
Je  parlais  —  I  used  to  talk 
It  also  is  used  to  describe  persons  or  things: 
their  defects,  qualities,  conditions. 
Ex.:     Cette  fille  etait  belle 

This  girl  was  beautiful 

II  faisait  beau  temps 

The  weather  was  beautiful. 

Passe   Indefini  —  Past  Indefinite 
This  tense  presents  the  act  as  completely  ac 
complished,  past.    It  is  exclusively  used  in  conver- 
sation. 
Ex.:     J'ai  parle  a  votre  mere,  hier 

I  spoke  to  your  mother  yesterday. 
J'ai    beaucoup  voyage 
I  travelled  much. 
P.  AnteTieur:     Quand  j'eus  fini,  je  sortis. 


"OUR    METHOD"  115 

Past  Definite 

This  is  the  "historical"  or  "narrative"  tense,  and 
is  used  but  little  in  conversation,  where  it  would 
appear  stilted. 

Ex.:     Napoleon  mourut  a  Ste.  Helene. 
II  fut  vaincu  a  Waterloo. 

Future 

The  Future  tense  corresponds  to  "will"  or  "shall". 
Ex.:     Je  vous  ecrirai 

I  will  write  to  you. 

Je  viendrai  si  je  peux. 

I  will  come  if  I  can. 

Conditional 

This  tense  corresponds  to:   "should"  or  "would": 
Je  viendrais  si  je  le  pouvais 
I  would  come  if  I  could. 
Notice  that  after  "si"  we  use  the  present  in  con- 
nection with  the  Future  —  or  the  Imperfect 
in  connection  with  the  Conditional. 
The  Subjunctive 
has  no  definitive  equivalent  in  English,  although  it 
is    sometimes    rendered  by  "that  I  may"   or 
"might".     Its  use  is  subject   to  rules,  as  fol- 
lows : 

1.  after  verbs  expressing  wish  —  command  — 
doubt  —  fear — 

Ex.:     Je  veux  que  vous  alliez 

I  want  you  to  go. 

2.  after  impersonal  verbs — 

II  faut  que  vous  fassiez  —  que  vous  soyez 
You  must  do  —  you  must  be 

3.  after  adjectives  followed  by  "que" — 

Ex.:     Je  suis  content  que  vous  alliez  —  que  vous 
soyez 
I  am  glad  you  are  going  —  that  you  are 

4.  a  few  other  cases,  like — 

Ex.:      Restez  jusqu'a  ce  que  je  revienne 

Stay  until  I  return, 
after:  jusqu'a  ce  que  —  until 

pour  que  —  so  that 

a  moins  que  —  unless 
quoique  —  although 

le  premier  —  the  first 

le  seul  —  the  only 

and  after  superlatives. 

5.  In  these  above  same  cases,  the  Past  Subjunc- 
tive (or  compound)  is  used  to  express  a  past 
act. 


116  "OUR     METHOD" 

Ex.:     Je  suis  contente  que  vous  I'ayez  fait 
I  am  glad  you  did  it. 
The  imperfect  subjunctive  which  should  be  used 
after  a  verb  in  the  past  or  conditional  is  being 
generally    replaced    by  the   present    of   the   sub- 
junctive:   J'aurais  voulu   qu'il  vint   (qu'il  vienne). 

Infinitive 

The  Infinitive  is  used — 

1.  After  all  prepositions,  except  "en". 
Ex.:     J'ai  oublie  d'acheter  un   livre. 

Etudiez  avant  de  sortir. 

2.  After  any  verb,  except  avoir  and  etre  (when 
the  past  participle  is  used). 

Ex.:     Venez  me  voir.  —  Allez  lui  dire. 

The  use  of  prepositions  is  more  dependent  on  the 
verb  that  precedes  than  on  the  verb  follow- 
ing them.  Practice  is  the  best  teacher  for  the 
correct  use  of  prepositions.  However  here 
are  some  helpful  rules: 
1.  Verbs  of  motion,  united  in  English  by  "and" 
do  not  require  any  preposition. 

Ex.:     Allez  chercher  —  go  and  get 

Venez  me  voir  —  Come  and  see  me. 

The  preposition  "de"  is  used  before  a  verb,  after: 

oublier   forget 

d  i  re tell 

demander ask 

promettre promise 

permettre allow 

ecrire   write 

ordonner   order 

Ex.:     J'ai  dit  d'allumer  le  feu. 

I  told  (them)  to  light  the  fire. 

Je  lui  ai  demande  de  venir — asked  to  come. 

"Pour"  is  used  for  "to"  —  meaning  in  order  to  — 
for  to  — 

Ex.:     Je  I'ai  dit  pour  vous  faire  plaisir. 
I  said  it  to  please  you. 

"a"  is  used  often  before  persons  after  verbs  given 
above — 

Ex.:     dire  a  quelqu'un  de.. .  —  tell  somebody  to. .. 

The  negatives  "ne   pas"  are  used    in    succession 
before  an  infinitive — 

Ex.:     Dites-lui  de  ne  pas  le  faire. 
Tell  him  not  to  do  it. 

Present   Participle 

The  present  participle  which  in  English  ends  in 
"ing"  ends  in  French  thus:  "ant". 


"OUR    METHOD"  117 

Ex.:     Aimant  —  loving 

Parlant  —  speaking 
It  can  be  preceded  by  no  other  preposition  than 

"en". 
Ex.:     En  passant  —  in  passing 

En  riant  —  in  laughing 
When  it  expresses  an  action,  it  is  always  invari- 
able. 
Ex.:     Ms  chantent  en  marchant 

They  sing  while  marching. 
When  it  expresses  a  state  of  being,  it  is  variable 
and  agrees  with  the  noun  it  qualifies.     It  is 
then  considered  a  "verbal  adjective". 
Ex.:      les  drapeaux  flottants 
the  waving  flags. 

The   Past  Participle 

The  past  participle  is  subject  to  certain  rules,  ac- 
cording to  the  auxiliary  with  which  it  is  con- 
jugated. 

When  accompanied  with  "etre",  the  participle 
agrees  with  its  subject. 

Ex.:      Elle  est  sortie 
lis  sont  arrives 

When  accompanied  with  "avoir"  it  agrees  with 
its  direct  object  if  this  object  precedes  it,  and 
remains  invariable  if  it  follows. 

Ex.:     J'ai  regu  une  lettre 

La  lettre  que  j'ai  regue 

All  other  rules  of  agreement  of  the  past  participle 
are  based  on  these  two. 

Use  of  the  two  auxiliaries 
Verbs  of  action  are  usually  conjugated  with  avoir, 

also  most  neuter  verbs. 
Ex.:     Marcher  —  danser  —  manger  —  dormir. 
Those  conjugated  with  etre  are: 

1.  All  reflective  or  pronominal  verbs: 
Ex.:   s'amuser:  je  me  suis  amuse 

se  promener:    il  s'est  promene 
se  lever:    vous  etes-vous  leve? 

2.  The  following: 

aller  —  venir   go  —  come 

s'en  aller  —  rester go  away  —  stay 

entrer  —  sortir go  in  —  go  out 

arriver  —  partir arrive  —  depart 

monter  —  descendre go  up  —  go  down 

mourir  —  nattre die  — ■  be  born 

Ex.:     £tes-vous  venu  seul? 

Nous  sommes  sortis.  # 


118  "OUR     METHOD" 


TREIZIEME  LEQON 
Thirteenth  Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

PAPETERIE  —  LIBRAIRIE  —  PHOTOGRAPHIE 

Stationery  —  Book  Store  —  Photography 

Qu'est-ce  que  vous  allez  faire?  Q'avez-vous 
a  faire? 

What  are  you  going  to  do?  —  What  have  you  to  do^ 

J'ai  ma  correspondance  a  faire;  je  dois  des 
lettres  a  tout  le  monde. 

I  have  my  letters  to  write;  I  owe  letters  to  everybody. 

J'ai  plusieurs  petits  mots  a  ecrire. 

i  have  several  notes  to  write. 

Je  suis  paresseux  quand  il  s'agit  d'ecrire. 

I  am  lazy  when  it  comes  to  writing. 

II  y  a  des  gens  pour  qui  c'est  un  plaisir;  je 

ne  suis  pas  de  ceux-la. 

There  are  some  people  for  whom  it  is  a  pleasure;  1 
am  not  one  of  those. 

Quand  j'aurai  fini,  je  passerai  chez  le  li- 
braire.    Venez  m'y  rejoindre. 

When  I  will  be  through,  I  will  drop  in  at  the  book- 
store.     Come  and  meet  me  there. 

Avez-vous  les  derniers  livres  sur  la  guerre? 

Have  you  the  last  books  on  the  war? 

Je  voudrais  aussi  quelques  bons  romans. 

I  would  also  like  a  few  good  novels. 

Voici  le  dernier  livre  a  succes;  il  en  est  deja 
a  sa  quinzieme  edition. 

Here  is  the  latest  success;  it  has  already  reached  the 
fifteenth  edition. 

J 'en  prendrai  un;  j 'adore  B. !  C'est  mon 
auteur  favori.  C'est  un  profond  psycho- 
logy et  un  styliste  distingue. 

I  will  take  one.  —  I  love  B. !    He  is  my  favorite  author. 

He    is   a   deep   psychologist   and   a    distinguished 
(refined)   waiter. 

II  est  aussi  plein  d 'esprit. 

He  is  also  full  of  wit. 

II  n'y  en  a  plus;  1 'edition  est  epuisee. 

There  are  no  mole;  it  is  out  of  print. 


"OUR    METHOD"  119 

II  faut  que  je  me  depeche;  j'ai  pris  rendez- 
vous chez  le  photographe,  pour  deux 
heures. 

I  must  hurry;  I  have  made  an  appointment  with  the 
photographer,  for  two  o'clock. 

Comment  voulez-vous  poser?  —  De  face? 
—  de  profil?  —  de  trois  quarts?  —  en 
pied? 

How  do  you  wish  to  pose?  Full  face?  Profile?  Three 
quarters?      Full   length? 

Vous  etes  le  meilleur  juge. 

You  are  the  best  judge. 

Cela  depend  toujours  de  la  physionomie. 

It  always  depends  on  the  physionomy. 

Moi,  je  vous  conseille  de  poser  de  face. 

I  advise  you  to  pose  full  face. 

C'est  bien!  —  Quand  pourrai-je  voir  les 
epreuves? 

Allright.  —  When  can  I  see  the  proofs? 

Elles  seront  pretes  demain. 

They  will  be  ready  to-morrow. 

Je  les  veux  bien  ressemblantes.  —  Je  ne  les 
veux  pas  flattees. 

I  want  them  very  resembling.  I  do  not  want  them 
flattered. 

VOCABULAIRE 

le   papetier    the  stationer 

le  libraire    the  bookseller 

le  papier  a  lettre the  writing  paper 

les   enveloppes    the  envelopes 

le  stylographe   the  fountain  pen 

la  plume  reservoir the  fountain  pen 

les   plumes    the  pens 

le   crayon    the  pencil 

tailler  un  crayon sharpen  a  pencil 

la  gomme  a  effacer the  eraser 

du  papier  buvard    some  blotting  paper 

des   livres    some  books 

I'edition  —  I'editeur   the    edition — the    editor 

un  volume a  volume 

un  roman a  novel 

une  histoire    a  story  —  history 

un   conte    a  tale  —  short  story 

contes  de  fees fairy  tales 

quelque  chose  de  nouveau.  something  new 


120  "OUR     METHOD" 

quelque   chose    d'interes- 

sant something  interesting 

la  poesle poetry 

relie    bound 

broche    unbound  (paper) 

les  vers   the  verses 

la  prose   the  prose 

le  college  the  college 

I'universite the  university 

la  Faculte   the  faculty 

la  photographie the  photograph 

le   photographe    the  photographer 

le  portrait the  picture 

la  pose  —  poser  the  pose  —  to  pose 

le  film    (la   pellicule)    ....the  film 

Pepreuve the  proof 

un    instantane a  snap  shot 


QUATORZIEME  LEQON 
Fourteenth   Lesson 

SUBJECT: 

PROFESSEUR  ET  £L£VE 
Teacher  and  Pupil 

Je  suis  bien  aise  de  vous  rencontrer,  cher 
ami.  J'allais  m'adresser  a  vous  pour 
vous  prier  de  me  rendre  un  service. 

I  am  delighted  to  meet  you",  dear  friend.  I  was  going 
to  apply  to  you,  to  beg  you  to  do  me  a  favor. 

Je  ne  demande  pas  mieux  que  de  vous 
obliger.     Que  puis-je  faire  pour  vous? 

I  wish   for   nothing   better  than   to   oblige   you    (I   will 

be   too  glad  to).     What  can  I  do  for  you? 

Eh  bien!    Voici  ce  dont  il  s'agit. 

Well!     This  is  what  it  is  all  about. 

II  me  faut  des  lecons  de  conversation:  pas 

pour  moi,  non!  —  pour  un  jeune  ami. 

I  want  conversation  lessons  —  no,  not  for  me!  —  for 
a  young  friend. 


"OUR    METHOD"  121 

Je  sais  que  vous  ferez  tout  juste  l'affaire. 
Vous  etes  bachelier  es-lettres  —  vous 
avez  fait  votre  droit  —  vous  avez  des 
connaissances  etendues  —  vous  saurez 
rinteresser. 

I  know  you  will  just  be  the  right  person.  You  are  a 
bachelor  of  letters   (M.   A.).  —  You   studied  law 

—  you  have  a  very  extensive  knowledge  of  things 

—  you  will  know   how   to  interest   him. 

Amenez-le  moi  —  ou  bien  emmenez-moi 
chez  lui. 

Bring  him  to  me  —  or  else  —  take  me  to  him. 

Merci  —  II  n'y  a  pas  de  quoi  —  a  votre  ser- 
vice. 

Thank  you.   —  You  are  welcome. 

Quant  au  cachet,  ne  demandez  pas  trop 
cher.    Ses  moyens  sont  limites. 

As  to  the  terms,  do  not  ask  too  much.  His  means1 
are    limited.       (Charge   little   —    demandez    peu). 

Je  ferai  le  mieux  possible  —  pour  le  mieux. 

I  will   do   the  best  possible. 

La  legon  —  the  lesson 

Vous  voulez  arriver  a  vous  exprimer  en 
frangais  avec  facilite,  sans  hesiter.  —  Je 
vous  conseille  d'etudier  par  cceur  toutes 
les  conversations  de  ce  petit  livre. 

You  wish  to  succeed  in  expressing  yourself  in  French 
with  ease  —  without  hesitating.  —  I  advise  you 
to  study  by  heart  all  the  conversations  of  this 
little  book. 

Revoyez  —  repetez.  —  Je  ne  saurais  assez 
vous  le  dire.  —  II  n'y  a  rien  de  tel. 

Review  —  repeat.  —  I  can  not  say  it  too  often.  There 
is   nothing  to   equal   it. 

Je  compte  suivre  vos  instructions  a  la  lettre. 

I   intend   to   follow   your   instructions   to   the    letter. 

J 'ignore  absolument  les  noms  des  sciences, 
des  arts,  des  metiers;  etc.  —  Mettez- 
moi  au  courant  de  tout  cela. 

I  absolutely  ignore  the  names  of  the  sciences,  arts, 
crafts,  etc.  —  Instruct  me  in  all  these  questions. 


122  "OUR    METHOD" 

Je  vous  en  donnerai  la  liste  ou  vocabulaire 

—  la  nomenclature  —  et  vous  l'appren- 
drez. 

I  will  give  you  the  list  or  vocabulary  or  enumeration 
and  you  will  learn  it. 

A  propos,  quels  sont  les  noms  des  points 
cardinaux  en  francais?  —  Le  Nord  —  le 
Sud  —  l'Est  —  rOuest. 

By  the  way,  what  are  the  names  of  the  points  of 
the  compass  in  French?  —  North  —  South  — 
East  —  West. 

Dites-moi  les  noms  des  jeux,  exercices,  des 
sports,  etc. 

Tell  me  the  names  of  the  games,  exercises,  sports,  etc. 

Les  voici:  Les  cartes  —  les  dominos  —  le 
billard  —  les  echecs  —  les  dames  —  le 
tennis  —  le  golf  —  la  chasse  —  la  peche 

—  la  natation  —  le  canotage   —    res- 
crime,  la  gymnastique  et  la  balle. 

Here  they  are:   cards  —  dominoes  —  billiards  —  chess 
checkers  —  tennis  —  golf  —  hunting  —  fishing 

—  swimming  —  rowing  —  fencing  —  gymnastics 
and  ball. 

Pendant  que  j'y  pense,  dites-moi  les  noms 
des  differents  degres  de  la  societe  —  les 
classes  —  les  religions,  etc. 

While  I  think  of  it,  tell  me  the  names  of  the  different 
divisions  of  society  —  the  classes  —  religions, 
etc. 

Ah!  oui!  —  Je  n'ai  pas  pense  a  vous  les  don- 
ner.  —  Je  les  ajouterai  a  votre  liste. 

Ah,  yes!  —  I  did  not  think  of  giving  them  to  you.  — 
I  will  add  them'  to  your  list. 

VOCABULAIRE 

le  serrurier   tlie  locksmith 

la  serrure,   serrurerie the  lock,  locksmithing 

la  cle the  key 

les   gonds   the  hinges 

le  travail    .the  work 

le  vitrier the  glazier 

le  vitrail   (les  vitraux) stained  glass 

le  cadre  the  frame 

encadrer   to  frame 

I'ebeniste the  cabinet  maker 


"OUR     METHOD''  123 

e  menuisier  the  carpenter 

'architecte    the  architect 

'architecture the  architecture 

e  tapissier the  upholsterer 

construire to  build 

batir to  build 

'art the  art 

a   peinture    the  painting 

a  sculpture    sculpture 

a   musique    music 

a  gravure engraving 

a  composition   composition 

e  marchand  the  merchant 

e  marchand  de  tableaux  .the  art  dealer 
e  marchand  de  musique. .  the  music  dealer 

un   magasin   de    a  store  of 

e  violoniste the  violinist 

e    pianiste    '. .  .  .  .the  pianist 

e  violoncelliste the  cellist 

e  flutiste the  flutist 

e  sculpteur    the  sculptor 

e    peintre    the  painter 

e  pinceau   the  brush 

a  palette the  palette 

e  chevalet   the  easel 

e  savant  the      scholar,      learned 

man 

a  science   science 

e  globe   the    globe 

a  carte  (geographique) .  .  .the  map 

a  boussole    the  compass 

m primer to  print 

'imprimeur the  printer 

'imprimerie    printing 

'impression    print  —  characters 

es   caracteres    type 

faire  im primer to  have  printed 

faire  graver    to  have  engraved 

faire  ses  etudes    go  through  one's  studies 

etudier to  study 

aller  a  I'ecole to  go  to  school 

les   livres  d'ecole    the  school  books 

le   college    the  college 

le  dictionnaire the  dictionary 

la  grammaire   the  grammar 

la  geographie  the  geography 

I'histoire   (f.)    the  history 

I'arithmetique   (f.)    arithmetic 

les  mathematiques  (f.)    . .  .mathematics 


124  "OUR    METHOD" 

la  geometrie geometry 

I'algebre algebra 

la  chimle chemistry 

la  physique  physics 

la  religion  religion 

etre  religieux to  be  religious 

Dieu God 

I'eglise    (f.)    the  church 

le  temple  the  temple 

aller  a  I'eglise   to  go. to  church 

la  priere the  prayer 

prier   to  pray 

le   pretre    the  priest 

le  rabbin    the  rabbi 

le  pasteur  the  pastor 

la  Bible   the  Bible 

les   anges   (m.)    the  angels 

la  mythologie mythology 

la  fee   the  fairy 

le   clerge    the  clergy 

I'aristocratie the  aristocracy 

la  noblesse   the  nobility 

la  magistrature   ,the  magistracy — bench 

la   bourgeoisie    the  middle  class 

les  affaires  business 

s'occuper  d'affaires   attend   to   —   to   be    in 

business 

aller  aux  affaires  go  to  business 

le  patron   . . .  •  • the  employer 

I'employe the  employee 

la  classe  ouvriere the  working  class 

I'ouvrier    (m.)    the  workingman 

I'ouvriere    (f.)    the   workingwoman 

le   salaire    •  • the  salary 

les  gages the  wages,  the  fees 

les  appointements   (m.) . .  .the  salary  —  the  fee 

les  honoraires  (m.)    the  fees 

le   riche   the  rich 

le  pauvre the  poor 

la  fortune   . . .  •  • the  fortune 

la    misere    the  misery 

mendier to  beg 

le   mendiant   the  beggar 

faire   la   charite    to  do  charity 


"OUR     METHOD"  125 


QUINZIEME  LEQON 
Fifteenth  Lesson 

SUJETS    DIVERS 
Miscellaneous    subjects   —    short    conversations 

Chemin  de  fer  (railroad) 
Wagon    de    premiere    classe    —    deuxieme 
classe. 

First  class. 
Second  class. 

Je  vais  a  la  gare. 

I  am  going  to  the  station. 

Le  train  part  a  trois  heures. 

The  train  leaves  at  3   o'clock. 

Je  ne  veux  pas  le  manquer. 

I  do  not  want  to  miss  it. 

J'ai  pris  mon  billet  au  guichet;  il  est  con- 
trole  (poingonne) ;  je  vais  faire  en- 
registrer  ma  majle.  —  Visiter  les  ba- 
gages  a  la  douane  —  les  droits  a  payer. 

I  took  my  ticket  at  the  office;  it  is  punched;  I  am' 
going  to  have  my  trunk  checked — examine  bag- 
gage at  the  custom  house  —  duties  to  pay. 


Buffet  —  Restaurant  (stations) 
Combien  d'arret?  —  Un  quart  d'heure. 

How  long  a  stop?  —  A  quarter  of  an  hour. 

Assez  pour  avoir  le  temps  de  dejeuner. 

L.ong  enough   to   have   time  to   eat   breakfast    (lunch). 

Servez-moi  vite.    Je  suis  presse. 

Serve  me   quickly.   —  1  am   in   a  hurry. 

Depechez-vous  —  le  train  va  partir. 

Hurry  up.   —  The  train  is  going  to  start. 

Des  oeufs  a  la  coque  ou  sur  le  plat. 

Boiled  eggs. 
Fried  eggs. 

Des  viandes  froides,  assorties. 

Cold   meats,  assorted. 

Sandwichs  varies. 

Mixed  sandwiches. 

Une  tasse  de  cafe  au  lait. 

A  cup  of  coffee  and  milk. 


126  "OUR     METHOD" 

Du  pain  grille  —  du  beurre  —  du  sucre. 

Toast  —  butter  —  sugar. 


J'ai    fait    retenir    une    chambre  au   Grand 
Hotel. 

I  have   engaged  a  room  at  the   Grand  Hotel 

Prenons  une  voiture  —  un  taxi. 

Let  us  take  a  cab  —  a  taxi. 

Cocher,  conduisez-moi  a  l'hdtel.  —  Arretez- 
vous  ici. 

Driver,  take  me  to  the  hotel.  —  Stop  here. 


Quelques    expressions    pratiques    pour    les 
soldats. 

A  few  practical  expressions  for  the  soldiers. 

Y  a-t-il  quelqu'un  ici  qui  parle  anglais? 

Is1  there  anyone  here  who  speaks  English? 

Comprenez-vous  ce  que  je  dis? 

Do   you   understand   what  I  say? 

Je  comprends  un  peu;  pas  beaucoup. 

I  understand  a  little;   not  much. 

De  quel  pays  etes-vous. 

From'  which    country   are   you? 

Ou  est  votre  camp? 

Where  is  your  camp? 

Le  quartier  general. 

Headquarters. 

Quand  partez-vous? 

When  do  you   leave? 

Resterez-vous  longtemps? 

Will  you  stay  long? 

Je  ne  sais  pas  encore.  —  On  ne  nous  dit  rien. 

I  do  not  know  yet.  —  They  tell  us  nothing. 

Depuis  combien  de  temps  etes-vous  arrive? 

How  long  is  it  since  you  have  arrived? 

Je  suis  fatigue;  je  suis  las. 

I  am  tired. 

Je  cherche  un  hotel  a  prix  moderes. 

I  am  looking  for  a  hotel  at  moderate  rates. 

Indiquez-moi  un  bon  hotel,  s'il  vous  plait. 

Please  recommend   (indicate)   me  a  good  hotel. 

C'est  ici.  —  C'est  la. 

It  is  here.  —  It  is  there. 


"OUR     METHOD"  127 

Ce  n'est  pas.  —  Est-ce? 

It  is  not.  —  Is  it? 

Quel  est  le  chemin?  —  De  quel  cote? 

Which  is  the  way?  —  Which  way? 


A  Thotel  —  At  the  hotel 
Je  voudrais  une  bonne  chambre. 

I  would  like  a  good  room. 

A  quel  etage?  —  Au  deuxieme. 

At  what  floor?  —  At  the  second. 

Combien  par  jour?  —  Repas  compris. 

How  much  a  day?  —  Meals   included. 

Faites  monter  mes  bagages  —  ma  malle. 

Send  up  my  baggage  —  my  trunk. 

Voici  la  blanchisseuse.  —  J'ai  besoin  d'elle. 

Here  is  the  laundress.  —  I  need  her. 

J'ai  du  linge  a  laver. 

I  have  clothes  to  wash. 

Du  linge  sale  —  du  linge  propre. 

Dirty  (soiled)  clothes  —  clean  linen. 

Repassez-le  bien.  —  Pas  trop  emp6se. 

Iron  it  well.  —  Not  too  starched. 

Comptez-le.  —  Rapportez-le  bientot. 

Count  it.   —  Bring  it  back  soon. 

Ou  pourrais-je  trouver  (me  procurer)? 

Where   can  I  find? 

Est-ce  loin?  —  Est-ce  pres? 

Is  it  far?  —  Is  it  near? 

Y  en  a-t-il  une  plus  proche? 

Is  there  one  nearer. 

Je  voudrais  prendre  un  bain. 

I  would  like  to  take  a  bath. 

Y  a-t-il  de  l'eau  chaude  a  toute  heure? 

Is  there  any  hot  water  at  any  hour? 

Ouvrez  le  robinet.  —  Faites  couler  l'eau. 

Open  the   faucet.   —  Let   the  water   run. 

Videz  l'eau  sale.   —  Je  veux  prendre  ma 
douche. 

Empty  the  dirty  water.  —  I  want  to  take  my  shower. 

Combien  est-ce?  —  Quel  est  le  prix? 

How  much  is  it?  —  What  is  the -price? 

C'est  cher  —  bon  marche. 

It  is  expensive  —  cheap. 


128  'OUR     METHOD" 

Coiffeur,    Barbier  —   Hair   dresser,    Barber 
Je  voudrais  me  faire  raser — me  faire  couper 
les  cheveux. 

I  want   a   shave.      I   want  to  have  my  hair  cut. 

Couper  ras  —  couper  court. 

Close-shaven  —  cut  short. 

Donnez-moi  un  shampooing. 

Give  me  a   shampoo. 


Coiffeur  de  dairies  —  Ladies  Hair  Dresser 
Je  veux  me  faire  coiffer. 

I  want  to  have  my  hair  dressed. 

Une  coiffure  simple,  mais  seyante. 

A  very   simple,    but  becoming   head  dress. 

Pas  de  frisures.  —  Je  suis  bien  coiffee. 

No  curling.   —  My  hair  is   well  dressed. 

Une  ondulation.  —  Les  ondulations  me  vont 
bien. 

Waved   hair.   —  Waves  are  becoming  to  me. 

Mes  cheveux  tombent. 

My  hair  is  falling. 

Recommandez-moi  un  bon  tonique. 

Can  you   recommend   a  good   hair   tonic? 

Un  bon  massage.  —  Une  friction  d'alcool 

A  good  massage.  —  An  alcohol  rub. 

Envoyez-moi  de  la  parfumerie. 

Send   me  some  perfumery. 


Telegraphe  —  Telephone 
Telegraph  —  Telephone 
J'ai  une  depeche,  un  cable  a  envoyer. 

I  have  a  telegram,   a  cable   to  send. 

Combien  le  mot?  —  Quand  arrivera-t-elle? 

How  much  a  word?  —  When  will  it  get  there? 

Reponse  payee  d'avance. 

Answer  prepaid. 

Bureau  de  telegraphic 

Telegraph  office. 

Je  veux  repondre  a  un  coup  de  telephone, 

I  want  to  answer  a  telephone  call. 

L'appareil  est  libre.  —  Parlez  plus  fort. 

The  line  Is  free.  —  Speak  louder. 

La  communication  est  interrompue. 

They  interrupted   us. 


"OUR     METHOD"  129 

La  banque  —  The  bank 
Je  voudrais  encaisser  un  cheque. 

I  would  like  to  cash  a  check. 

Donnez-moi  du  change  —  de  la  monnaie  — 
or  —  argent  —  billets 

Give   me   exchange  —  change. 
Gold  —  silver  —  currency. 

Ouvrir  un  compte.  —  Le  taux  d'escompte. 

To   open  an  account.   —  The  rate  of  discount. 

Avez-vous  une  carte  d'identite? 

Have  you  an  identification   card? 

Endosser  et  signer.  —  Toucher  de  l'argent. 

Indorse  and  sign.   —  To  collect  money. 

Ou  faut-il  signer?  Adressez-vous  a  la  caisse. 

Where  should  1   sign?  —  Apply  to   the  cashier. 


Le  tailleur  —  The  tailor 
J'ai  besoin  d'un  costume.  —  Je  tiens  surtout 
a  ce  que  la  coupe  soit  bonne. 

I  need  a  suit.  —  I  care  especially  for  a  good  cut. 

Soyez  tranquille  —  nous  avons  un  coupeur 
excellent. 

You  can  rest  easy  —  we  have  an  excellent  cutter. 

Voulez-vous  un  costume  tout  fait? 

Do  you  want  a  ready-made  suit? 

Je  veux  me  faire  faire  un  costume;  prenez 
mes  mesures. 

I  wish  to  have  a  suit  made;  take  my  measures. 

Essayez  votre  costume. 

Try  on  your  suit. 

II  va  bien.  —  II  ne  va  pas. 

It   fits;   it   does  not  fit. 

C'est  trop  large  —  trop  etroit  —  trop  long 
—  trop  court. 

It  is  too  wide  —  too  narrow  —  too  long  —  too  short. 

Le  pantalon  va  bien ;  le  gilet,  le  paletot  aussi. 

The  trousers  fit  well ;  the  vest  and  coat  also. 


Cordonnier  —  Emplettes  —  Courses 
Shoemaker's  —  Shopping  —  Errands 
Une  paire  de  souliers  jaunes  —  noirs  — 
lacets  —  a  boutons. 

A  pair  of  shoes  tan  —  black  —  laced  —  buttoned. 


130  "OUR     METHOD" 

lis  me  genent. 

The  are   uncomfortable   for  me. 

lis  ne  vont  pas. 

They  do  not  fit. 

Je  peux  les  elargir. 

I   can  stretch  them. 

Une  semelle  plus  forte. 

A  stronger  sole. 

Des  talons  plus  bas. 

Lower  heels. 

J'ai  encore  a  aller  chez  le  chemisier  pour 
m'acheter  des  chaussettes,  des  chemises, 
des  cols  et  des  mouchoirs. 

I  must  yet  go  to  the  men's  furnishing-  goods   store  to 

buy  socks,    shirts,   collars   and  handkerchiefs. 

II  me  faut  aussi  des  gants  de  Suede  et  de 

peau  glacee  —  et  quelque  cravates. 

I  also  need  undressed  kid  gloves  and  dressed  kid 
gloves  —  and  a  few  ties. 

Un  chapeau  de  paille  —  de  feutre. 

A  straw  hat  —  felt  hat. 

Un  chapeau  haut  de  forme  (de  soie). 

A  high  silk  hat. 


Horloger  —  Bijoutier  —  Joaillier 
Je  veux  f aire  reparer  ma  montre :  elle  ne  va 
pas. 

I  want  to  have  my  watch  repaired:  it  does  not  go  well. 

Elle  est  derangee. 

It  is  out  of  order. 

Ma  pendule  retarde  ou  avance  toujours. 

My  clock  always  either  gains  or  loses. 

Remontez-la. 

Wind  it  up. 

Avez-vous  de  beaux  bijoux  —  bagues  — 
broches  —  chaines  —  colliers  —  epin- 
gles  —  pedes  —  diamants  —  rubis  — 
saphirs? 

Have  you  any  nice  jewelry:  rings  —  broches  —  chains 
—  necklaces—  pins—  pearls  — .  diamonds  — 
rubies  —  saphires? 

Cette  bague  est  bien  montee. 

This  ring  is  beautifully  set.  .    . 


"OUR     METHOD"  131 

Rencontre  fortuite. 

An  unexpected  meeting. 

Ah!  je  vous  rencontre  a  propos,  mon  cher 
ami.  J'ai  besoin  d'un  avocat  et  je  ne 
sais  a  qui  m'adresser.  Pouvez-vous  m'en 
recommander  un? 

Ah!  I  meet  you  most  a  propos  (seasonably),  my  dear 
friend.  I  need  a  lawyer  and  I  do  not  know  where 
to  apply.     Can  you  recommend  me  one? 

Je  ne  puis  mieux  faire  que  de  vous  adresser 
a  M.  L.  C'est  un  homme  d'une  grande 
integrite  et  d'une  capacite  reconnue 
(incontestee). 

I  cannot   do  any  better   than   to  refer  you  to  Mr.    L. 

He    is    a   man    of    great    integrity    and    of   great 
ability. 

Merci.    J'y  vais  (de  ce  pas). 

Thank  you.      I  will  go   there    (immediately). 

Chez  l'avocat  —  At  the  lawyer's. 
Est-ce  a  M.  L.,  l'avocat,  que  j'ai  i'honneur 
de  parler? 

Is  it  Mr.   Li.   to  whom  I  have  the  honor  of  speaking? 

A  lui-meme,  Monsieur. 

To  himself,   Sir. 

Mon  ami  Jean  V.  m'a  parle  de  vous  en  ter- 
mes  elogieux,  et  je  voudrais  remettre 
ma  cause  entre  vos  mains. 

My  friend,  John  V.,  has  spoken  of  you  in  the  highest 
terms,  and  I  would  like  to  place  my  case  into 
your  hands. 

II  s'agit  d'une  succession — d'un  heritage — 

d'une  clause  douteuse  —  d'un  bail  — 
d'un  proces  en  separation,  etc. 

It  is  about  a  succession  —  a  heritage  —  a  doubtful 
clause  —  a  suit  for  separation. 

Y  a-t-il  des  demarches  a  faire  pour  empecher 
1 'affaire  d'arriver  en  cour? 

Are  there  any  steps  to  take  to  prevent  the  affair  from 
getting  into  court? 

Je  voudrais  eviter  un  proces,  s'il  y  a  moyen 
—  obtenir  un  compromis. 

I  would  like  to  avoid  a  lawsuit,  if  possible  —  to  ob- 
tain  (effect)  a  compromise. 


132  "OUR    METHOD" 

Vous  me  mettrez  entre  les  mains  tous  les 
documents  relatifs  a  votre  cas.  Je  me 
mettrai  aussitot  en  rapport  avec  l'avo- 
cat  de  l'autre  partie. 

You  will  put  into  my  hands  all  the  documents  relat- 
ing to  your  case,  and  I  will  immediately  com- 
municate with  the  lawyer  of  the  other  party. 

Je  vous  suis  tres  oblige,  Monsieur,  de  votre 
empressement.  Je  vous  reverrai  bientot. 

I  am  very  much  obliged  to  you  for  your  readiness,  Sir. 
I  will  see  you  soon  again. 


La  loi  —  The  law 

Le  droit  the  right  (leg.)  law 

I'avocat the  lawyer 

I'avoue   the  solicitor 

le   notaire .the  notary 

enregistrer    to  record 

le  bail  the  lease 

preuves  documentaires  ...documentary  evidence 

la  cour the  court 

le  jury  —  les  jures  (m.) .  .the  jury  —  jurors 

poursuivre to  prosecute 

!es  poursuites  (f.)    the  prosecution 

faire  un  proces   to  sue 

porter   plainte    to  lodge  a  complaint 

rediger  un   acte    to  draw  up  a  deed 

annuler to  annul 

resilier   /to  cancel 

la  dactylotype    typewriting  machine 

la  machine  a  ecrire typewriting  machine 

dactylographier to  typewrite 

le   (la)   dactylographe   ....the  typewriter 

la  stenographic   stenography 

le,  la  stenographe   the  stenographer 


Nouvelles  —  Journaux 
News  —  Newspapers 
Avez-vous  lu  les  nouvelles? 

Did  you  read  the  news? 

Quel  journal  lisez-vous? 

What  paper  do  you   read? 

Je  suis  abonne  au  V Temps"  et  a  plusieurs 
revues,  ou  magazines. 

I.  subscribed   to. the.  "Temps"   and   several   reviews   or 
magazines. 


"OUR    METHOD'  133 

On  parle  du  proces  C.  —  un  proces  scanda- 
leux. 

They  speak  of  the  C.   Case  —  a  scandalous  case. 

Qu'en  pensez-vous? 

What  do  you   think  of  it? 

II  a  ete  mis  en  accusation. 

He  has  been  indicted. 

II  a  ete  reconnu  coupable. 

He   has  been   convicted. 

II  a  ete  condamne.         II  a  ete  acquitte. 

He  has  been  condemned.        He  has  been  acquitted. 

II  a  des  complices. 

He  has  accomplices. 

II  y  a  eu  des  circonstances  attenuantes. 

There   were   attenuating    circumstances. 

Le  proces  sera  juge  sous  peu. 

The   case  will  be  tried  soon. 

La  cour  —  le  jury  —  l'avocat. 

The  court  —  the  jury  —  the  lawyer. 

Plaider  une  cause  —  gagner  —  perdre  une 
cause. 

Plead  —  win  —  lose  a  case. 

Les  nouvelles  de  la  guerre  sont  bonnes. 

The  news  of  the  war  are  good. 

On  a  pris  l'offensive. 

They  took  the  offensive. 

S.  est  tombe.  —  S.  est  en  ruines. 

S.    has  fallen.   —  S.   is  in  ruins. 

On  a  fait  de  nombreux  prisonniers. 

They  took  many  prisoners. 


En  visite  —  Calling 
Je  suis  bien  content   de  vous  voir;   il  y  a 
tres  longtemps  que  je  n'ai  eu  ce  plaisir. 

I  am  very  happy  to  see  you;  it  is  very  long  since  I 
have  had  that-  pleasure. 

Mes  nombreuses  occupations  m'empechent 
de  faire  beaucoup  de  visites;  je  vois  peu 
de  monde. 

My  many  occupations  prevent  me  from  paying  many 
calls;  I  see  few  people. 

Oue  faites-vous  de  votre  temps? 

What  do  you  do  with  your  time? 


134  "OUR     METHOD" 

Je  suis  dans  les  affaires. 

I  am  in  business. 

Mes  etudes  absorbent  tous  mes  instants. 

My  studies  absorb  all  my  time. 

Je  m'occupe  d'ceuvres  philanthropiques. 

I   am  busy  with  philanthropic   (charity)    worK. 

Connaissez-vous  M.  Z? 

Do  you  know  Mr.  Z.? 

Je  le  connais  de  nom  —  de  vue.  Mais  je  ne 
lui  ai  jamais  ete  presente. 

I  know  him  by  name  —  by  sight  —  but  I  have  never 
been  introduced  to  him. 

J 'en  ai  beaucoup  entendu  parler;  on  en  dit 
grand  bien. 

I  have  heard  very  much  of  him;  he  is  highly  spoken 
of   (one  speaks  well  of  him). 

Venez  diner  avec  moi  demain;  vous  vous 
trouverez  avec  lui,  et  avec  d'autres  per- 
sonnes  tres  interessantes,  et  dont  la 
connaissance  pourra  vous  etre  tres  pre- 
cieuse. 

Come  and  dine  with  me  to-morrow;  you  will  meet 
him  (find  yourself  with  him)  and  other  interest- 
ing people,  whose  acquaintance  may  be  very 
precious  (useful)   to  you. 

Merci,  chere  Madame;  j'accepte  avec  grand 
plaisir  votre  aimable  invitation.  A 
demain. 

Thank  you,  dear  Madam;  I  accept  with  great  pleasure 
your  amiable  invitation.   —  Until  to-morrow. 


Nouvelles  mondaines  —  theatrales 
Society  and  theatrical   news 
Avez-vous  appris  les  fiangailles  de ? 

Did  you  hear  of  the  engagement  of  — ? 

lis  sont  maries  depuis  une  semaine. 

They  have  been  married  a  week. 

II  y  eu  une  grande  fete  chez  — . 

There  was  a  large  affair  at  X. 

On  parle  beaucoup  d'une  piece  de  D. 

There  is  much  talk  of  a  play  by  D. 

Elle  a  beaucoup  de  succes. 

It  has  much  success. 


"OUR    METHOD"  135 

Cette  autre  a  fait  four  (fiasco). 

That  other  has  failed. 

Le  roman  de  B.  fait  sensation  (fureur). 

The  novel  by  B.  is  creating  a  sensation  (furor). 

L'avez-vous  lu?  —  II  est  digne  de  l'auteur. 

Did  you   read  it?  —  It  is  worthy  of  its  author. 

Je  l'ai  demande  au  libraire;  il  ne  restait  plus 
que  1'edition  brochee;  je  voulais  le  livre 
relie. 

I  asked  for  it  at  the  bookseller's;  there  was  but  the 
paper  edition  left;  I  wanted  the  bound  book. 

Je  suis  alle  a  1' Opera  hier  au  soir. 

1  went  to  the  Op6ra  last  evening. 

Je  me  suis  amuse  follement. 

I  enjoyed  myself  enormously. 

C'etait  une  representation  de  gala.  —  II  y 
avait  salle  comble  (il  y  avait  foule). 

It  was  a  good  performance.  —  The  house  was  crowded. 

La  musique  etait  belle,  la  distribution  par- 
faite. 

The  music   was  beautiful,   the   cast   perfect. 

Les  voix  bonnes,  l'orchestre  excellent. 

The  voices  good,   the  orchestra  excellent. 

Les  decors  superbes.  —  Le  ballet  brillant. 

The  scenery  superb.  —  The  ballet  brilliant. 

II  y  avait  beaucoup  de  monde  au  foyer. 

There  were  many  people  in  the  lobby. 


Couturiere  —  Dressmaker 
Se  faire  faire  une  robe.  —  Je  me  suis  fait 
faire  une  robe. 

To  have  a  dress  made.  —  I  had  a  dress  made. 

Montrez-moi    des    echantillons    de    soie  — 
laine. 

Snow  me  samples  —  of  silk  —  wool. 

Costume  tailleur.  —  Costume  de  voyage. 

Tailor  suit.  —  Traveling  suit. 

Robe  de  ville.  —  Robe  de  bal. 

Street  dress.   —  Evening  dress. 

Mon  premier  essayage  a  eu  lieu  ce  matin. 

My  first  fitting  took  place  this  morning. 

Essayer  une  robe  —  j  'essaye  ma  robe. 

To  try  on  a  dress.  —  I  try  on  a  dress. 


136  *OUR    METHOD" 

La  garniture  —  garnir  de  passementerie  — 
de  jais. 

The  trimming'  —  to  trim  with  gimp  —  jet. 

La  doublure  —  c'est  double  de  soie. 

The  lining.   —  It  is  lined  with  silk. 

J'acheterai  un  eventail  paillete,  assorti  a  la 
robe. 

I  will  buy  a  spangled  fan,  to  match  the  dress. 

Une  robe  montante  —  decolletee. 

A  high  necked  dress  —  low  necked. 

Des  manches  longues  —  manches  courtes. 

Long  sleeves  —  short  sleeves. 

De  la  dentelle. 

Lace. 

Une  etoffe  qui  ne  se  dechire  pas  facilement. 

Material  that  does  not  tear  easily. 


Modiste  —  Milliner 
II  me  faut  un  chapeau. 

I  need  a  hat. 

Un  chapeau  d'hiver  —  d'ete. 

A  winter  —  summer  hat. 

Du  velours.  —  Le  chapeau  de  velours. 

Velvet.  —  The  velvet  hat. 

Des  plumes  d'autruche  —  de  paon. 

Ostrich,   peacock  feathers. 

Une  guirlande  de  fleurs. 

A  garland  of  flowers. 

Une  aile  —  un  nceud  —  une  toque. 

A  wing  —  a  bow  —  a  toque. 

A  large  bords  —  releve  de  cote. 

With  wide  brims,   raised  on  the  side. 


Une  journee  tres  remplie  —  occupee 

A  very  busy  day  —  full. 

Je  me  suis  leve  a  l'aube,  apres  avoir  passe 
une  nuit  blanche  —  je  n'avais  pas  ferme 
Tceil  de  la  nuit. 

I  got  up  at  dawn,  after  having  spent  a  sleepless  night 
—  I  had  not  closed  an  eye  all  night. 


"OUR     METHOD"  137 

II  a  fallu  me  depecher  d'aller  a  mon  bureau, 
f aire  et  depouiller  ma  correspondance  — 
etre  exact  a  plusieurs  rendez-vous  d'af- 
faires. 

I  had  to  hurry  to  go  to  my  office,  to  write  letters,  go 
over  my  mail,  and  (be  prompt  at)  keep  several 
business    appointments. 

A  onze  heures,  il  y  avait  une  reunion  im- 
portante  du  Conseil  de  la  Defense  Na- 
tionale. 

At  eleven  o'clock,  there  was  an  important  meeting-  of 
the  council  of  national  defense. 

L'apres-midi,  j'ai  assiste  a  une  seance  irite- 
ressante  a  la  Chambre  des  deputes.  La 
politique,  les  discussions  entre  les  dif- 
ferents  partis  me  passionnent. 

In  the  afternoon,  I  attended  an  interesting  session  at 
the  Chamber  of  Deputies.  —  Politics  —  discus- 
sions between  different  parties  are  very  excit- 
ing to  me. 

Ensuite,  j'ai  du  faire  deux  visites  indispen- 
sables,  ou  Ton  a  touche  a  toutes  les 
questions,  depuis  la  guerre  mondiale  et 
ses  generaux  —  la  musique  —  la  pein- 
ture,  etc.  —  jusqu'au  plus  petit  bavar- 
dage!  (cancan). 

Then,  I  had  two  indispensable  calls'  to  pay  during 
which  all  questions  were  touched  upon  —  from 
the  world  war  and  its  generals  —  music  —  paint- 
ing,  etc.  —  down  to  the  smallest  gossip. 

Je  suis  rentre  chez  moi  —  j'ai  endosse  — 
enfile  mon  habit  pour  aller  diner  en 
ville. 

I  went  home,  put  on  my  dress  suit,  to  go  out  to  dinner. 

Nous  avons  passe  une  heure  au  cinema  — 
ce  n'etait  pas  fameux  (bon).  —  On  a 
joue  une  piece  tres  triste,  une  autre 
gaie.  —  II  y  faisait  une  chaleur  etouf- 
fante. 

We  spent  an  hour  at  the  movies.  —  It  was  not  good. 
—  They  played  a  very  sad  play  and  a  cheerful 
one.  —  The  heat  was  stifling. 


138  "OUR     METHOD" 

Apres  cela,  nos  notes  ont  insiste  pour  nous 
faire  prendre  des  rafraickissements  — 
des  huitres  —  des  glaces. 

After  that,  our  hosts  insisted  on  our  taking  refresh- 
ments  —   oysters   —  ice-cream. 

Je  suis  arrive  a  mon  logis  a  minuit,  ereinte 
—  a  moitie  mort  de  fatigue !  J  'ai  dormi 
tout  d'un  trait  —  toute  la  nuit. 

I  got  to  my  home  at  midnight  —  worn  out  —  half 
dead  with  fatigue.  —  I  slept  all  night  at  a 
stretch. 

Ce  matin,  je  me  sens  repose,  et  pret  a  re- 
commencer. 

This  morning,  I  feel  rested  and  ready  to  begin  over 
again. 


ADDITIONAL  CLASSIFIED  VOCABULARY  AND 
EXPRESSIONS 

Salutations  —  Greetings 
(Lesson  1) 

rencontrer to  meet 

faire  la  connaissance  de..to  make    the    acquaint- 
ance of 

enchante  de  vous  voir  ...delighted  to  see  you 

connattre to  know 

vous  plaisez-vous  ici? do  you  like  it  here? 

revenez  bientot  come  soon  again 

au  plaisir  de  vous  revoir..hope   to    see    you    soon 

again 

Parties  du  corps  —  Parts  of  the  body 
(Relating  to  lesson  2) 

cheveux  blonds   blond  hair 

cheveux    bruns    brown  hair  (dark) 

roux  —  rotisse    red  headed 

chauve   bald 

boiter   to  limp 

boiteux lame 

la  bequille the   crutch 

bossu    hunchback 

la  bosse   the  lump  —  bump 

estropie    crippled 

mutile mutilated 


"OUR    METHOD"  139 


La  nourriture  —  Food 

(3rd  lesson) 

la  bouteille  de  vin   the  bottle  of  wine 

la  carafe   the  decanter 

les    liqueurs    the  liquors 

la  boisson   the  beverage  —  drink 

le  sirop    the  syrup 

c'est   sur    it  is  sour 

c'est  sucre it  is  sweet 

les  aliments   the   food 

le  potage  the  soup 

le   bouillon    the  soup 

soupe  au   riz    rice  soup 

les   radis    the  radish 

les  cornichons  the  pickles 

le  pain  bis   (noir) brown  bread 

la  croute   the  crust 

la  mie  de   pain    the  dough  —  crumb 

griller  .    to  toast 

Pos the  bone 

gras  —  maigre   fat  —  lean 

la  sauce  the  gravy- 
sauce  au  vinaigre vinegar  sauce 

peu  cuit  —  saignant underdone  —  rare 

cru   raw 

sur  le  gril   broiled 

faire  de  la  patisserie   to  bake 

I'oie the  goose 

I'oignon the  onion 

les  epinards   the  spinach 

artichaut artichoke 

asperge asparagus 

le  champignon   mushroom 

le   macaroni    macaroni 

decouper to  carve 

la  tranche the  slice 

le  dessert    the  dessert 

le  creme  au  cafe   the  coffee  cream 

la  confiture  —  la  gelee  . .  .preserves  —  jelly 

la  patisserie   pastry 

la   confiserie    confectionery 

le   confiseur    the  confectioner 

la  tarte  the  pie 

le  raisin  —  la  vigne   the  grape  —  vine 

le   melon    the  melon 

une  grappe  de  raisins  ....a  bunch  of  grapes 


140  'OUR    METHOD" 

Fleurs,    arbres   —    Flowers,    trees 
(3rd  lesson) 

1'epine the  thorn 

la    branche    the  branch 

ia  tige    the  stem 

le  bouquet the  bouquet 

cueillir  des  fleurs to  pick  flowers 

le  coquelicot the  poppy 

le   bleuet    the   cornflower 

la    marguerite    the  daisy 

le  feuillage  —  la  feuille  ..the  foliage  —  leaf 

la  mousse   the  moss 

fane  —  fletri    faded  —  withered 

des  fleurs  fraiches fresh  flowers 

La  maison  —  The  house 

(4th  lesson) 

les  boiseries the  wood  work 

louer  une  maison   to  rent  a  house 

meuble  —  non  meuble   ...furnished    —    non    fur- 
nished 

le   loyer   the  rent 

le  proprietaire  the  landlord 

le  locataire  the  tenant 

le  bail  the  lease 

I'ameublement  (m.)    the  furniture 

les  meubles   (m.)    the  furniture 

la  bibliotheque the  book   case 

la  commode   the  bureau 

le  secretaire  —  le  bureau. the  desk 

la   lampe    the  lamp 

le  lustre the  fixture 

la  bougie  the  candle 

1'ecl.airage   the  lighting 

la  baignoire  the  bathtub 

la  batterie  de  cuisine  ....the  kitchenware 

la  casserole    the  saucepan 

cuire  au  four to  cook  in  the  oven 

les  chenets   andirons 

le  vase  —  la  statue   the  vase  — -  the  statue 

les  objets  d'art   the  ornaments 

les  carreaux — les  briques.  the  tiles  —  the  bricks 
les  carreaux  —  les  vitres. window  panes 

le  cadre   the  frame 

le  portrait the  picture 


"OUR    METHOD"  141 

Noms,  age,  famille  —  Names,  age,  family 
(5th  lesson) 

Pierre Peter 

Guillaume William 

Jean John 

Jacques James 

I'aTne the  eldest 

le  cadet  (la  cadette)    the  second 

le  bebe  —  le  nouveau  ne.  .the  baby  —  new  born 

la  naissance   the  birth 

naitre   to  be  born 

venir  au  monde to  come  into  the  world 

le    monde    the  world 

tout  le  monde   everybody 

avoir  du  monde to  have  company 

Le  temps,  les  saisons  —  Time,  season 
(7th  lesson) 

venir  a  temps to  come  on  time 

etre  en   retard    to  be  late   (persons) 

etre  en  avance to  be  ahead  of  time 

il  y  a  longtemps long  ago 

vieillir to  age 

il  a  vieilli    he  has  aged 

rajeunir to  get  younger 

mourir  —  il  est  mort   ...  .to  die  —  he  died 
la  mort  —  les  morts   . . .  .death  —  the  dead 
rendre  le  dernier  soupir  .  .to  breathe  one's  last 
le  temps  de  la  moisson   .  .harvest  time 
moissonner  —  les  mols-     to   harvest  —   the   har- 

sonneurs vesters 

la  recolte the  crop 

recolter to  reap 

la  faux  —  faucher the  scythe  —  to  mow 

la  charrue  the  plough 

la   terre    the  soil 

cultiver  —  labourer to  cultivate  —  to  till 

le  ble  —  le  foin    the  wheat  —  hay 

le  grain  —  la  graine seed 

le  ma'is  —  I'orge corn  —  barley 

la  ferme   the  farm 

le  fermier  (ere)    .  , the  farmer 

I'ecurie  —  I'etable   the  stable,  the  cowhouse 

la  grange  the  barn 

A  la  Poste  —  Post-office    . 
(8th  lesson) 

la  carte  postale the  post  card 

le  mandat-poste the  money  order 

le  bon  de  poste   the  postal  order 


142  "OUR    METHOD" 

le  colis  postal    parcel  post 

la  lettre  recommandee  ...registered  letter 

le  courrier    the  mail 

la  botte  aux  lettres the  letter  box 

I'expediteur the   sender  —  remitter 

le  destinataire  receiver  —  payee 

Au  Theatre  —  Theater,  the  play 

(9th  lesson) 

le  rideau  —  la  toile the  curtain 

lever  et  baisser  le  rideau. to  raise,  lower  the  cur- 
tain 

I'acoustique    (f.)    the  acoustics 

une  piece  de  theatre a  play 

la  piece  a  these a  problem  play 

la  repetition  —  repeter  . .  .the  rehearsal  —  to  re- 
hearse 
I'entr'acte  —  Facte  (m.) . .  the  intermission  —  the 

act 

le   role    the  part 

jouer  le  role  de to  take  the  part  of 

le  souffleur .the  prompter 

le   regisseur    the  stage  manager 

le  chef  d'orchestre  the  orchestra  leader 

le  bureau  de  location   . .  .  .the  ticket  office 
le  cinematographe  — 

cinema the  moving  picture 

les  droits  d'auteur  the  royalties 

le  benefice    the  profit  —  the  benefit 

En  Voyage  —  Travels 

(10th  lesson) 

Pindicateur the  time  table 

prendre  ses  billets  take  one's  tickets 

aller  et  retour  round  trip 

a  qui  s'adresser whom  to  apply  to 

adressez-vous  a apply  to 

des  reclamations  a  faire  .  .complaints  to  make 
demander  des  renseigne- 

ments ask  for  information 

pouvez-vous   me   renseig- 

ner? can  you  inform  me? 

la   bateau    (le   navire)    a 

vapeur .  .the  steamer 

les  vagues .-. .the  waves 

trouver  son  chemin. . , to  find  one's  way 

s'orienter    ...............  to  find  one's  way 


"OUR    METHOD"  143 

Emplettes  —  Shopping 
(11th  lesson) 

en  gros  —  en  detail   wholesale  —  retail 

magasin  de  nouveautes  .  ,   dry  goods  store 
vendre,  acheter  a  credit.. to  sell,  buy,  on  credit 
mettre  sur  le  compte  de  .  .to   charge,      put  to  the 

debiter account  of 

le  rayon  de  bonneterie   ...the  hosiery  department 

les  bas  (m.)    the  stockings 

bas  de  soie,  de  laine,  etc.. stockings  of  silk — wool 

de  couleur colored 

bon  teint  fast  color 

mauvais   teint    that  will  fade 

a  teinture  —  teindre   . . .   the  dye  —  to  dye 

e  teinturier  the  dyer 

tremper .to  dip 

couleur  passee faded  color 

a  voilette   the  veil 

e   voile    the  veil 

a  dentelle the  lace 

a  broderie    the  embroidery 

ourle  a  jour  hemstitched 

e   ruban    the  ribbon 

a  brosse  a  dents   the  tooth  brush 

a  brosse  a  cheveux    the  hair  brush 

a  poudre  —  se  poudrer. .  the  powder — to  powder 

es  agrafes  et  portes the  hooks  and  eyes 

es   manchettes    the  cuffs 

es  boutons  de  manchette.the  cuff  buttons 

a  soie  a  coudre   the  sewing   silk 

articles  de  toilette toilet  articles 

a  lime  a  ongles   the  nail  file 

e  pompon  —  la  houppe  ..the   powder  puff 

a    parfumerie    the  perfumery 

e  parfum  —  le  parfumeur.the    perfume — perfumer 

es  sels the  salts 

e  sac  de  voyage   the  traveling  bag 

e  necessaire  de  voyage   ..the  traveling  outfit 

a  pierre  ponce   the  pumice  stone 

a  pommade   the  salve  —  cream 

es  fourrures    the   furs 

e   manchon    the  muff 

e  tour  de  cou,  Tetole   . . .  .the  stole 

a  loutre .the  otter  (seal) 

e  renard the  fox 

a   zibeline    the  sable 

e   porte-mon-naie .........  the  purse 

'ombrelle   (i.) the  umbrella 

e  sac  (sac  a  main)   the  bag  —  hand  bag 


144  'OUR    METHOD" 

Articles  de   Bureau  —  Stationery 
(13th  lesson) 
le  commerce  et  Pindustrie. commerce  —  industry 

la    mappemonde    the  map  of  the  world 

la  papeterie stationery 

le    crayon    the  pencil 

la  craie    ..." the  chalk 

le  tableau   noir    the  black-board 

la   colle    the  mucilage 

ie  papier-buvard    the  blotting  paper 

la  gomme  a  effacer the  eraser  (gum) 

le  papier  a  lettre   the  writing  paper 

le  canif    the  pen  knife 

le  grattoir the  erasing  knife 

le  chapitre    the  chapter 

le  format  the  size 

I'imprimeur the  printer 

I'affiche  —  afficher the  poster  —  to  post 

I'annonce the  poster  —  bill 

la    reclame    advertising  —  adver- 
tisement 
Some   useful  verbs 

accepter,  agreer accept 

remercier to  thank 

arracher to  pull 

accrocher to  hang 

supplier  —  exaucer to  beseech  —  fulfill 

oublier  —  se  rappeler   .  .  .to  forget,  to  remember 

trouver  —  perdre   to  find  —  to  lose 

attaquer  —  defendre to  attack  —  to  defend 

proteger  —  persecuter  .  .  .to  protect  —  persecute 

rire  —  pleurer   to  laugh  —  to  cry 

dechirer  —  raccommoder.  to  tear  —  to  mend 
construire  —  demolir   ....to  build  —  to  demolish 

naitre  —  mourir be  born  —  to  die 

entrer  —  sortir    come  in  —  go  out 

monter  —  descendre   go  up  —  go  down 

tomber    — se  relever fall  —  get  up  again 

faire  une  chute  to  take  a  tumble 

se  moucher to  blow  one's  nose 

offenser  —  pardon ner  ...  .to  offend  —  to  pardon 

eternuer to  sneeze 

tousser  —  cracher  ...... .to  cough  —  to  spit 

bailler  . to  yawn 

s'amuser  —  s'ennuyer   ...enjoy  one  self  —  to  be 

bored 
se  louer  —  se  plaindre  .  ..to  boast—  to  complain 
s'apercevoir —  apercevoir.to  notice  —  to  perceive 
se  douter  ■ —  douter suspect  —  doubt 


"OUR    METHOD"  145 

lire   —  ecrire    read  —  write 

jouer  —  travailler   play  —  work 

nager swim 

permettre  —  defendre    ...permit  —  prohibit 

etudier study 

souffrir  —  mentir    .suffer  —  to  lie 

ouvrir  —  fermer    open  —  close 

dire  —  medire  say  —  to  slander 

demander  —  repondre   .  .  .ask  —  answer 

accepter  —  refuser   accept  —  refuse 

casser  —  rompre   break 

briser   break 

verser  —  repandre    to  spill  —  to  pour  out 

L'esprit  —   L'ame  —   Les  sentiments 

Vertus  —  Vices,  etc. 

Spirit  —  Soul  —  Sentiment 

Virtues  —  Vices,  etc. 

a  beaute  —  la  laideur. ..  beauty  —  ugliness 

a  bonte  —  ia  mechancete. kindness  —  badness 

a  jalousie jealousy 

a  verite  —  le  mensonge.  .truth  —  untruth,  lie 
a  sincerite  —  la  faussete. sincerity  —   falsehood 
a  modestie  —  la  vanite  .  .modesty  —  vanity 

'orgueil  —  la  fierte    conceit  —  pride 

a  confiance — la  mefiance. confidence  —  distrust 

a   foi    faith 

'amitie  —  la  haine   friendship  —  hatred 

'amour  —  la  sympathie.  .love  —  sympathy 

'antipathie    antipathy 

a  gaite  —  la  tristesse  . .  .gaiety  —  sadness 
'intelligence  —  la  betise. intelligence  —  stupidity 

e   bien    good 

e  mal   evil 

e  vice    vice 

a  vertu    virtue 

a  sagesse  —  la  folie   ....wisdom   —   madness, 

folly 

a   raison    reason 

a  douceur  —  la  durete   ..gentleness,   sweetness 

—  hardness 
a  gratitude  —  Pingrati- 

tude gratitude  —  ingratitude 

e   desir .desire 

'activite  —  I'oisivete   . . .   activity  —  idleness 

a  paresse laziness 

a  reconnaissance gratitude,   gratefulness 

e  respect  —  le  mepris  . .  .respect  —  contempt 
a  grossierete"  , ,  .V.  ..... .  .coarseness 


146  "OUR     METHOD' ' 

la  distinction refinement 

le  bonheur  —  le  malheur. happiness    —    unhappi- 

ness 
la  loyaute  —  deloyaute   .  .loyalty  —  disloyalty 

le    devouement    devotion 

la  franchise    frankness 

la  volonte    will 

la  patience  —  I'impatience  patience   —    impatience 
I'ordre  —  le  desordre   . . .  .order  — ■  disorder 

I'habilete skill 

I'hypocrisie   hypocrisy 

la  force  —  la  faiblesse  . .  .strength  —  weakness 
I'economie  —  I'avance   . .  .economy  —  avarice 
la  sottise  —  la  stupidite  .  .silliness  — ■  stupidity 
Adjectives 

jaloux   (se)    jealous 

adroit  —  maladroit   clever  —  awkward 

vrai   true,  real 

faux  (sse)    false 

sincere sincere 

modeste   modest 

vain    (e)    vain 

orgueilleux    (se)    conceited  —  proud 

conf iant   confident 

sympathique sympathetic 

antipathique unsympathetic 

loyal  —  deloyal    loyal  —  disloyal 

intelligent  —  bete    intelligent  —  stupid 

spirituel   witty  —  spiritual 

sage  —  fou    wise  — -  mad 

doux   (ce)  —  dur   gentle  —  hard 

habile  —   inhabile    skilful  —  awkward 

ingrat ungrateful 

reconnaissant grateful 

paresseux  lazy 

respectueux  . respectful 

distingue refined,  distinguished 

laid    (e) ugly 

Grouping    of   very    useful    expressions 

y  a-t-il? .is  there? 

qu'y   a-t-il?    what  is  there? 

il  y  a  ............. , there  is  —  there  are 

j'ai   besoin   de I  need 

avez-vous  besoin   de?    ...  .do  you  need? 

il  me  faut   ..-.: I  need  —  must  have 

qu'est-ce  qu'il  vous  faut?. what  do  you  need? 

que  desirez-vous?   . . . . what  do  yon  wish? 

donnez-moi,  s'il  vous  plait. give  me,  if  you  please 


"OUR    METHOD"  147 

ayez   I'obligeance  de   me    have   the   kindness      to 

dire   tell  me 

voulez-vous  avoir  la  bonte  will   you    be     kind    en- 

de ough  to 

a  qui  demander? whom  to  ask 

s'adresser  a    to  apply  to 

que  voulez-vous  dire?   what  do  you  mean? 

qu'est-ce   que    cela     veut 

dire? what  does  that  mean? 

comment    cela    s'appelle- 

t-il ? what  is  that  called? 

qu'est-ce    que    c'est    que 

cela? what  is  that? 

comment  dit-on?   how  does  one  say? 

comment  se  fait-il how  is  it 

A  few  idiomatic  expressions: 
Cela  (or  5a)  m'est  egal  —  I  do  not  care 
Cela  (ca)  m'ennuie  —  it  annoys  me 
Cela  (ga)  m'embete  —  it  annoys  me  (familiar) 
Cela  se  peut  —  it  may  be 
Cela  ne  se  fait  pas  —  that  is  not  done 
Cela  se  voit  —  it  is  seen 
Cela  (5a)   me  va  —  that  suits  me 
Cela  se  comprend  —  that  is  easily  understood 
Fa  ire  faire  —  to  have  made  to  order 
Faire  face  —  to  face 
faire  dire  —  send  word 
faire  savoir  —  let  one  know 
faire  chercher — faire  venir  —  send  for 
depuis  quand?  —  since  when? 
depuis  combien  de  temps?  —  since  how  long? 
il  y  a  longtemps  —  long  ago  —  It  is  a  long  time, 
j'ai  besoin  de  —  I  need 

a  votre  service  —  you  are  welcome   (at  your  dis- 
posal) 
il  n'y  a  pas  de  quoi  —  you  are  welcome  (answer- 
ing thanks) 
quel  est  le  chemin?  —  which  way  is  it? 
de  quel  cote?  —  which  way  is  it? 
ou  trouve-t-on?  —  where  can  one  find? 
oj  faut-il  aller?  —  where  must  I  go? 
faire  I  aver  du  linge  —  to  have  clothes  washed 
combien  coute?  —  how  much  costs? 
combien  est-ce?  —  how  much  is  it? 
quel  est  le  prix?  —  what  is  the  price? 
combien  vendez-vous?  —  how  much  do  you  sell? 
c'est  cher  —  it  is  dear 
bon  marche  —cheap 
montrez-moi  —  show  me 


148  "OUR     METHOD" 

loin  — ■  far         pres  — ■  near 

est-ce  loin?  —  is  it  far?  ? 

Dieu  merci  —  thank  God 

Dieu  soit  loue  —  God  be  praised 

Dieu  vous  benisse  —  God  bless  you 

Dieu  vous  garde  —  God  preserve  you 

Dieu  vous  preserve  —  God  preserve  you 

A  Dieu  ne  plaise  —  God  beware 

Si  Dieu  veut  —  Please  God 

Dieu  veuille  —  May  it  please  God 

avoir  affaire  a  —  to  have  to  deal  with 

avoir  bonne  mine  —  to  look  well 

cela  fait  mon  affaire  —  that  suits  me 

avoir  beau  dire  (faire)  —  no  matter  what  one  says 

(does) 
vous  avez  beau  dire  (faire)  —  no  matter  what  you 

say  (do) 
avoir  lieu,  cela  aura  lieu  —  to  take  place  (it  will) 
se  tirer  d'affaire  —  to  manage  to  get  along 
melez-vous  de  vos  affaires  —  mind  your  business 
Tout  va  bien  —  all  is  well 

avoir  I'air  ennuye,  malade  —  lo  look  worried,  sick 
qu'est-ce  qu'il  y  a?  —  what  is  the  matter? 
il  n'y  a  rien  —  nothing  is  the  matter 
un  coup  de  pied,  de  poing  —  a  kick,  a  fist  blow 
un  coup  de  theatre  —  an  unexpected  event 
de  bon  cceur  —  heartily 
a  contre  coeur  —  reluctantly 
mal  de  cceur  —  nauseousness 
cela  veut  dire  —  that  means 
trouver  a  red  ire  —  to  find  fault  with 
Bien  entendu  —  of  course,  agreed 
s'ennuyer  apres  quelqu'un  —  to  miss  someone 
avoir  de  I'esprit  —  to  be  witty 
etre  au  courant  —  to  be  well  informed 
etre  en  train  —  to  be  in  the  mood  (also)  in  the 

act  of 
mettre  en  train  —  to  start  going,  to   set  things 

going 
faire  dire  —  to  let  one  know,  to  send  word 
faire  du  bien  —  to  do  good 
comment  se  fait-il  que?  —  how  is  it  that? 
cela  se  fait  —  it  is  the  style 
je  me  suis  fait  mal  —  I  hurt  myself 
laissez-moi  tranquille  —  leave  me  alone 
laissez  dire  —  let  people  talk 
cela  me  manque  —  I  miss  that  .  — 

vous  m'avez  manque  —  I  have  missed  you 
comme  il  faut  —  refined- 


"OUR    METHOD"  149 

manquer  de  parole  —  not  to  keep  one's  word 

mettre  de  cote  —  to  put  aside,  to  save 

je  n'en  peux  plus  —  I  am  worn  out 

c'est  possible  —  it  is  possible 

cela  se  peut  —  that  may  be 

se  passer  de  —  to  do  without 

une  lettre  de  faire  part  —  a  notice,  circular  letter 

etre  quitte  —  to  get  off,  to  be  even 

etre  en  mauvais  etat  —  in  bad  condition 

etre  dans  tous  ses  etats  —  in  a  flurry 

etre  difficile  —  hard  to  please 

se  mettre  en  colere  —  to  get  angry 

cela  marche  bien  —  it  goes  well 

cela  saute  aux  yeux  —  it  stares  you  in  the  face 

cela  torn  be  bien  —  it  comes  at  the  right  moment 

ils  ne  se  voient  pas  —  they  are  on  bad  termr 

tomber  malade  —  to  be  taken  ill 

toucher  ses  appointements  —  to  get  one's  salary 


EXPRESSIONS    IDIOMATIQUES    CLASSEES 
CLASSIFIED   IDIOMATIC   EXPRESSIONS' 

To  express  surprise: 
Je  n'en   reviens  pas!  —  I  cannot  get  over  it. 
J'en  demeure  interdit  —  I  am  dumbfounded 
J'en  (Je)  tombe  des  nues!  —  I  am  thunderstruck. 
Je  suis  stupefait!  —  I  am  stunned. 
Vous  m'en  voyez  tout  abasourdi.  —  I  am  dazed. 
C'est  a  ne  pas  croire.  —  It  is  unbelievable. 

Regret: 
Quel  dommage!  —  What  a  pity! 
J'en  suis  desole.  —  I  am  sorry. 
C'est  desolant.  —  It  is  too  bad. 
C'est  a  en  pleurer.  —  It  is  enough  to  make  you  cry. 
Que  c'est  facheux!  —  How  unfortunate. 
Quel  malheur!   —  What  a  misfortune. 
Je  ne  m'en  consolerai  jamais.  —  I  will  never  get 

over  it. 
Vous  m'en  voyez  au  desespoir.  —  You  see  me  in 

despair. 

Pleasure: 
Quelle  joie!  —  What  joy. 
Quel  bonheur!  —  What  happiness. 
Quelle  chance!  —  What  luck 
J'en  suis  ravie.  —  I  am  enraptured. 
Je  suis  au  septieme  ciel!  —  I  am  in  heaven. 
Je  nage  dans  la  joie!  —  I  am  drunk  with  joy 


150  "OUR    METHOD" 

Colere  (anger) : 
J'enrage!  —  I  am  enraged. 
Je  suis  furieux  —  I  am  furious. 
Je  suis  d'une  colere!  —  I     am  in  such  anger! 
Je  ne  sais  ce  que  je   pourrais  lui  faire.  —  I  don't 

know  what  I  could  do  him. 
J'y  vois  rouge.  —  I  am  blinded  with  rage. 

Moquerie    (sarcasm,  mocking) 
C'est  trop  drole!  —  It  is  too  funny. 
II  y  a  de  quoi  mourir  de  rire!  —  It  is  enough  to 

make  you  die  with  laughter. 
C'est  tordant!   —  It  is  side  splitting. 
C'est  a  mourir  de  rire!  —  It  is  to  die  of  laughter. 
Quelle  plaisanterie!  —  What  a  joke. 

Rancune   (rancor) 
Je  suis  fache  contre  vous.  —  I  am  angry  with  you. 
Je  vous  en  veux.  —  I  have  a  grudge  against  you. 
Je  ne  vous  le  pardonnerai  jamais.  —  I  never  will 

forgive  you. 
Vous  m'avez  fait  grand  tort.  —  You  injured  me 

very  much. 
Vous  me  le  payerez.  —  You  will  pay  dearly  for  it. 

Reputation: 

J'ai  entendu  parler  de  lui.  —  I  have  heard  of  him. 

II  est  tres  connu,  tres  estime.  —  He  is  very  well 
known. 

On  I'estime.  —  He  is  held  in  high  esteem. 

On  en  dit  grand  bien.  —  He  is  well  spoken  of. 

II  passe  pour  un  homme  d'esprit.  —  He  is  con- 
sidered a  bright  man. 

Orgueil,  fierte  (pride) 
II   croit  qu'il   sort  de   la  cuisse  de  Jupiter.  —  He 

thinks  he  is  it. 
II   est  fier  comme  un   paon.  —  He  is  proud  as  a 

peacock. 
II  se  croit  un  phenix.  —  He  thinks  he  is  a  phoenix. 
On  ne  peut  I'approcher.  —  He  is    unapproachable. 
On  ne  peut  Taborder.  —  You  cannot  get  near  him. 

Prodigalite    (lavishness) 

C'est  un  panier  perce.  —  He  is  a  regular  spend- 
thrift. 

II  jette  Pargent  par  les  fenetres.  —  He  squanders 
money. 

II  gaspille  I'argent.  —  He  squanders  money. 


"OUR     METHOD"  151 

II  mange  son  ble  en   herbe.  —  He  anticipates  his 

income. 
II  depense  sans  compter.  —  He  spends  his  money 

like  water. 

Mensonge  (lie) : 
II  est  faux  comme  un  jeton.  —  He  is  as  false  as 

Judas. 
Mentir  ne  lui  coute  rien.  —  Lying  is  second  nature 

to  him. 
Le  mensonge  est  son   peche   mignon.  —  Lying  is 

the  least  of  his  vices. 
II   ment  avec  aplomb  —  avec  toupet  —  avec   un 

toupet  infernal.  —  He  is  a  brazen  faced  liar. 

Franchise   (frankness): 
II  dit  les  choses  en  face.  —  He  says  things  openly. 
II  ne  mache  pas  ses  paroles.  —  He  does  not  mince 
words. 

Doute  (doubt) : 
J'en  doute.  —  I  doubt  it. 
Vous  voulez  m'en  faire  accroire!  —  You  want  to 

make  me  believe. 
Vous  ne  me  convaincrez  pas;  —  You  will  not  con- 
vince me. 
Ce  n'est  guere  possible!   —  It  is  hardly  possible. 
Allez  le  dire  ailleurs!  —  Tell  that  to  the  marines. 

Difficulty    (difficulty) : 
II  n'y  a  pas  moyen  (de).  —  There  is  no  use. 
C'est  difficile!  —  It  is  difficult. 
C'est  la  mer  a  boire!  —  It  is  a  hard  job. 
C'est  une  tache  ardue!  —  It  is  an  arduous  task. 
Je   n'en   viendrai   jamais  a   bout!   —  I  never  will 

get  to  the  end. 
C'est  presque  impossible.  —  It  is  barely  possible. 
Vous  aurez  beau  faire.  —  No  matter  what  you  do. 
J'ai    beau   faire,  J'ai    beau    essayer.  —  No  matter 

how  much  I  try. 

Reussite  (success) : 
Cela  y  est!  —  That  is  it. 
C'est  fait!  —  It  is  done. 
J'en  suis  venu  a  bout.  —  I  did  it  all  right. 
La  chose  est  faite.  —  The  matter  is  ended. 
J'y  suis  parvenu.  —  I  got  there. 
Je  suis  arrive  a  mes  fins.  —  I  got  there. 
J'ai  reussi.  —  I  succeeded. 


152  "OUR     METHOD' 


FAUTES    DE    LANGAGE 
ERRORS  IN  LANGUAGE 

Words  which  are  alike  in  both  languages,  but 
have  different  meanings: 

French:  English: 

Le  prejudice  —  detriment,  wrong 
le  prejuge  —  the  prejudice 

la  copie  —  the  imitation,  reproduction 
un  exemplaire  —  a  copy  (of  a  book) 

la  partition  —  score  (of  an  opera) 
la  cloison  —  the  partition 

I'editeur  —  the  publisher 
le  redacteur  —  the  editor 

la  rente  —  the  income,  the  revenue 
le  loyer  —  the  rent 

avertissement  —  warning 
annonce  —  advertisement 

la  monnaie  —  the  change,  the  coin 
Targent  —  the  money 

la  lecture  —  the  reading 
la  conference  — ■  the  lecture 

la  confiance  —  confidence 

la  confidence  —  disclosure,  secret. 

le  confectionneur  —  cloak  and  suit  maker 
le  confiseur  —  confectioner 

le  pamphlet  —  libel 

la  brochure  —  pamphlet 

les  appointements  —  salary,  fee 
le  rendez-vous  —  appointment 

une  application  —  dressing,  medical  application 
une  demande,  une  requete  —  application, 

solicitation 

la  librairie  —  bookstore 
la  bibliotheque  —  library 

les  termes  —  expression,  relationship 

les  conditions  —  terms 

a  quelles  conditions  —  on  what  terms 


"OUR    METHOD"  153 

LETTER  WRITING 

FORMULES   INITIALES 

LETTER  BEGINNINGS 

De  superieur  a   inferieur 

Prom  a  superior  to  an  inferior 

Monsieur  —  Cher  Monsieur  —  Cher  Monsieur 

X.  (more  familiar)  —  Madame  —  Chere  Madame, 

Chere  Madame  X. 

D'inferieur  a  superieur 
From  an  inferior  to  a  superior 
Monsieur  —  Monsieur  et  cher  Maitre  —  Cher 
Maitre  —  Monsieur  et  Ami  —  Cher  Docteur. 
Chere  Madame  et  Bienfaitrice   (benefactress). 

D'egal  a  egal 
Equal  to  equal 
The  form  may  vary  at  will.    Ex.:   Cher  ami  — 
Cher  confrere   (collegue)  —  J'ai  appris,  cher  col- 
legue  (I  have  heard,  dear  colleague). 

FORMULES   FINALES 

ENDINGS 
De  superieur  a  inferieur 
Soyez  assure,  Monsieur  (Madame),  de  ma  par- 
faite  consideration. 

or 
Veuillez  agreer   (Please  accept),    M  .  .  .,    l'ex- 
pression  (ou  Tassurance)  de  ma  consideration  dis- 
tinguee. 

Croyez  a  ma  sincere  affection. 
Votre  tout  devoue. 

D'inferieur  a  superieur 
Veuillez  agreer  l'expression  de  mes  sentiments 
les  plus  respectueux. 

Recevez  l'expression  de  mon  respectueux  de- 
vouement  —  de  ma  profonde  reconnaissance. 

Je  suis,  M . . .,  avec  le  plus  profond  respect, 
votre  tout  devoue. 

Permettez-moi  de  vous  exprimer  mon  respec- 
tueux —  mon  plus  vif  devouement. 

D'egal  a  egal 

Veuillez  agreer,  Monsieur  (cher  Monsieur), 
l'expression  de  mes  meilleurs  sentiments  (de  ma 
vive  sympathie),   (de  ma  sincere  affection). 

Je  vous  serre  la  main. 

Bien  a  vous. 

Cordialement  a  vous. 


154  "OUR    METHOD" 

D'homme  a  femme: 
Man  to  woman: 
Daignez  agreer  (ou  "recevoir"). 
Veuillez  agreer  (ou  "recevoir")  mes  hommages 
respectueux. 

Veuillez   agreer,   Madame,   l'hommage   de   mes 
sentiments  les  plus  devoues  (ou  respectueux). 
De  femme  a  homme: 
Recevez,  je  vous  prie    (ou  "agreez")    l'expres- 
sion    (ou   "l'assurance")    de   mes   sentiments   tres 
distingues   (les  plus  distingues). 
A   un  domestique: 
Je  vous  envoie  le  bonjour. 
Je  vous  envoie  mon  bon  souvenir. 

LETTRES   D'AFFAIRES 

BUSINESS  LETTERS 

J'ai  Fhonneur  de  vous  informer  que  .  .  . 

En  reponse  a  votre  honoree  du  6  aout  .  .  . 

Je  vous  fais  expedier  (I  am  shipping  you)  par 
meme  courrier  .  .  . 

J'ai  l'honneur  de  vous  accuser  reception  de... 
(acknowledge  receipt  of). 

Pour  terminer  —  To  end 
Recevez  (Agreez)    (Veuillez    agreer)  mes  salu- 
tations empressees  —  mes  salutations  sinceres. 

LETTRES  OFFIC1ELLES 
OFFICIAL  LETTERS 

En  tete  —  Headings. 

Monsieur  le  Ministre. 

Monsieur  le  Senateur. 

Monsieur  le  President. 

Madame  la  Directrice. 

Madame  l'Abbesse. 

Madame  la  Generate. 
However,  there  is  a  tendency  to  drop  the  titles 
and    using    simply:     Monsieur,     Madame,      when 
addressing  people. 

To  kings,  popes,  cardinals,  the  titles:  Sire, 
Tres  Saint  Pere,  Votre  Saintete,  Votre  Eminence, 
using  the  third  person. 

Ex.:     Votre  saintete  me  permettra-t-elle?  .  .  . 
Votre  excellence  a-t-elle  appris?  .  .  . 

For  letters  from  civilians  to  an  officer,  they 
use:  "Monsieur"  or  "Mon  cher  Capitaine"  (lieute- 


"OUR    METHOD"  155 

nant),  according  to  the  degree  of  intimacy.  A 
subordinate  must  always  say:  "Mon  Capitaine  — 
Mon  General  —  J'ai  1  honneur  de  solliciter  de 
votre  bienveillance",  etc. 

Salutations  finales: 

Je  suis  avec  respect,  Monsieur  le  maire  .  .  . 

Je  suis  avec  le  plus  profond  respect  .  .  . 

Votre  tres  humble  et  obeissant  serviteur. 

Daignez  agreer,  M.  le  President,  Thommage  du 
plus  profond  respect  avec  lequel  j'ai  l'honneur 
d'etre  votre  humble  .  .  . 

MODULES  DE  CARTES  OU  "PETITS  MOTS" 
ET  LETTRES. 
EXAMPLES  FOR  CARDS,  NOTES  AND 
LETTERS' 

Envoi  de  fleurs'. 
De  la  part  de —  (from). 
M.  X  — 

Avec  mes  meilleurs  compliments. 
Avec  mes  felicitations  bien  sinceres. 

Condoleances: 
Recevez  l'expression  de  ma  sympathie  la  plus 
profonde  (la  plus  sincere). 

Invitations: 

Style  de  oeremonie  (formal). 
Mr.  et  Mme.  prient  M.  et  Mme.  B.  de  leur  faire 
Thonneur  de  venir  diner  chez  eux  le  samedi  soir, 
8  aout,  a  7  heures. 

Reponse: 
M.  et  Mme.  B.  remercient  M.  et  Mme.  X.  de 
leur  aimable  invitation  et  l'acceptent  avec  plaisir. 
or: 
M.   et  Mme.  B.  remercient  M.   et  Mme.  X.  de 
leur   aimable   invitation   et  se   feront    un    plaisir 
d'assister  a  leur  diner. 

LETTRES 

Chere  Madame, 
Je    suis   desolee   de   repondre   par   un   refus   a 
votre  aimable  invitation,  mais  il  me  sera  impos- 
sible, pour  cause  de  sante,  de  Taccepter. 

Croyez  a  mes  regrets  les  plus  sinceres  et  veuil- 
lez  agreer,  avec  mes  remerciements,  Tassurance 
de  mon  entier  devouement. 

R.  W. 


156  "OUR     METHOD" 

Lettre  de  felicitations 
Congratulating  letter 
Monsieur, 
J'apprends  avec  plaisir  l'honneur  que  Ton  vient 
de  vous  faire  en  vous  decernant  la  decoration  de 
la  Legion  d'honneur. 

Nul  plus  que  moi  ne  reconnait  le  merite  auquel 
le  Gouvernement  frangais  rend  justice. 

Je  vous  felicite  bien  sincerement  et  vous  prie 
de  recevoir  l'expression  de  mes  sentiments  les 
plus  distingues. 

CLAIRE  V. 

EXERCISES    FOR    TRANSLATION 

Exercise  1. 

(See   Grammar  Lesson  1) 

Do  you  speak?  —  Do  you  go?  —  Do  you  wish? 

Do  you  not  speak?  —  Do  you  not  wish?  —  Do  you 

not  go?  —  You  do  not  speak.  —  You  do  not  wish. 

—  You  do  not  go. 

Exercise  2. 

(Grammar  Lesson  2) 
The  horses  —  The  animals  —  The  canals  — 
The  bals  —  The  men  —  The  hair  —  The  noses  — 
The  arms  —  The  hands  —  The  eyes  —  The  jewels 

—  The  cabbages  —  The  works  —  The  teeth. 

Exercise  3   (Grammar  Lesson  2) 

Some  bread  —  Butter  —  Wine  —  Flowers  — 

Men  —  Women  —  Children  —  Water  —  Books  — 

A  pound  of  butter  —  A  glass  of  water  —  A  cup 

of  coffee  —  No  bread  —  No  meat  —  No  flowers 

—  Much  coffee  —  Enough  books  —  More  water  — 
Good  books  —  Large  tables  —  Small  feet  — 
Pretty  eyes  —  The  man's  child  —  The  woman's 
hat  —  The  children's  books  —  A  silk  dress. 

A  cup  of  tea  —  A  tea  cup 

A  box  of  letters  —  A  letter  box 

A  box  of  matches  —  A  match  box 

Ex.  4  (Grammar  Lesson  3) 
Second  form  of  the  interrogative: 
Do  you  eat?  —  Do  you  speak?  —  Do  you  walk? 

—  Do  you  drink?  —  Do  you  see?  —  Do  you  hear? 

—  What  do  you  see?  —  What  do  you  hear?  — ■ 
What  do  you  know?  —  What  do  you  eat?  —  What 
do  you  drink? 


"OUR     METHOD"  157 

Ex.  5   (Grammar  Lessons  4  and  5) 

I  am  not  —  You  are  not  —  Have  you  not?  — 
Are  you  not?  —  We  are  not. 

Larger.  —  He  is  taller  than  his  brother.  —  She 
is  prettier  than  her  sister  —  He  is  as  tall  as  his 
sister  —  The  prettiest  —  The  tallest  —  The  rich- 
est —  My  book  —  His  pen  —  Her  pencil  —  His 
mother  —  Her  father  —  Our  brother  —  Your 
books  —  Their  children. 

This  table  —  This  child  —  This  man  —  This 
woman  —  These  books  and  those  chairs. 

A  good  woman  —  A  happy  mother  —  A  new 
book  —  A  new  pen  —  Good  children  —  Large 
tables  —  A  cruel  thing  —  No  book  —  Each  pen  — 
Several  stories  —  The  other  day  —  The  other 
days. 

Ex.  6  (Grammar  Lesson  6) 

The  first  —  The  third  —  The  hundreth  —  The . 
thousandth  —  The  last  time  —  May  the  first  — 
July  the  fourth  —  July  the  fourteenth  —  April 
the  second  —  December  the  twenty-fifth  —  Janu- 
ary the  first  —  Christmas  is  (on)  December  the 
25th. 

Henry  the  Fourth  —  Charles  the  First  —  Louis 
XIV  —  Henry  the  VHIth. 

Ex.  7  (Grammar  7) 
I  wash  myself  —  You  dress  yourself  —  We  take 
a  walk  —  I  sit  down  —  Do  you  get  up  early?  — 
I  enjoy  myself. 

Do  you  wash  with  soap?  —  Did  you  get  up 
late?  —  At  what  time  did  you  go  to  bed?  —  Did 
you  take  a  walk? 

Enjoy  yourself. 

Dress  yourself. 

Sit  down. 

Get  up  —  Do  not  get  up  —  Go  to  bed  —  Take 
a  walk  with  me. 

Ex.  8  (Grammar  Lessons  7  and  8) 
It  is  nice  weather  —  It  is  warm  —  It  is  not 

cold  —  It  is  damp  —  It  is  foggy  —  It  is  raining  — 

It  is  windy  —  It  is  freezing. 

2. — Your  book  and  mine  —  My  pen  and  his  — 

Her  mother  and  his  —  His   father   and  hers  — 

Their  children  and  mine  —  Your  books  and  ours — 

Our  friends  and  yours. 

This  book  and  that  one  —  My  pen  and  that  of 

your  brother  —  Your  friends  and  those  of  your 


158  "OUR    METHOD" 

sister  —  This  is  for  me  and  that  is  for  you  —  It 
is  you  —  It  is  he  —  That  amuses  me  —  This  and 
that  —  This  one  and  that  one  —  These  and  those 

—  I  do  not  care  (cela  or  ga  m'est  egal). 

Indefinite  pronouns 
One  forgets  easily  —  They  (one)  say  —  They 
(on)    speak   French   here   —  Everything   is   good 
here   —  I   see  nothing  —  Nobody   likes   him   — 
Everyone  likes  her. 

Personal  pronouns 
I  know  him  —  He  knows  me  —  You  like  her  — 
We  see  you  —  You  do  not  see  us  —  I  give  it  to 
you  —  You  give  it  to  me  —  I  do  not  give  it  to  her 

—  You  did  not  write  to  me  —  I  spoke  to  you  — 
I  did  not  speak  to  them. 

Speak  to  them. 

Speak  to  me  —  Look  at  me  —  Read  it  —  Give 
it  to  me  —  Do  not  speak  to  me  —  Do  not  look  at 
me  —  Do  not  give  it  to  me  —  Do  not  read  it  — 
Give  it  to  her  —  It  is  I  —  It  is  he  —  It  is  she  — 
With  me  —  With  him  —  With  her  —  With  them 

—  I  speak  of  them  —  She  and  I  speak  French  — 
This  is  for  you  —  for  her  —  for  them.  —  Without 
her  —  Without  them  —  Who  did  it?  —  I  —  You 

—  They. 

He  is  a  doctor  (c'est)  —  They  are  lawyers  — 

She  is  a  school  teacher  —  We  are  friends They 

are  my  friends. 

Ex.  9  (Grammar  Lesson  9) 

•  I  saw  —  I  spoke  —  I  ate  —  I  saw  you  —  I 
spoke  to  you  —  I  ate  it  —  Whom  did  you  see?  — 
Where  did  you  go?  —  Who  went  with  you? 

The  book  which  is  on  the  table. 

The  book  which  I  read. 

The  pen  which  I  bought. 

The  pencil  with  which  I  write. 

Of  what  do  you  speak? 
'  The  lady  whose  child  is  sick. 

The  woman  to  whose  child  you  spoke. 

The  man  whose  daughter  you  know.  . 

What?  —  Of  what?  —  With  what? 

What  do  you  say? 
-Whom  do  you  see? 

With  whom  did  you  come? 

—  With- what"  did  you  write? 
.    What  you  say  is  trus. 


"OUR     M  E  T  H  O  D  ' '  159 

What  is  on  the  table  is  mine  (a  moi). 
I  do  not  know  what  pleases  you. 
I  do  not  know  what  you  want. 

Ex.  10  (Grammar  12) 

I  am  taking  a  lesson. 
I  was  taking  a  lesson. 
We  used  to  speak  French. 
I  took  a  lesson. 
I  spoke  French. 
He  arrived  last  year. 
We  will  speak  to  you. 

I  would  have  spoken  to  him,  if  I  had  seen  him. 
I  want  you  to  speak  to  him. 
You  must  speak  to  her. 
I  am  glad  you  spoke  to  them. 
I  am  sorry  you  did  not  see  them. 
I  am  afraid  he  arrived  too  late. 
You  doubt  he  came  on  time. 
Stay  until  I  return. 
I  will  go  out  unless  it  rains  (pleuve). 
Speak  slowly  —  Dress  simply  —  Act  generous- 
ly —  Talk  more  charitably  than  he. 

Ex.  11   (Grammar  Lesson  10) 

I  am  going  to  France  —  to  Europe  —  to  Asia 
—  to  America  —  to  the  United  States.  —  I  will 
stay  in  Paris  —  in  London  —  in  New  York.  —  I 
will  travel  to  Brazil  —  to  Perou  —  to  Mexico  — 
to  Japan.  —  I  have  been  in  Cairo. 

Go  to  the  butcher's  —  to  the  jeweler's  —  to 
the  milliner's  —  to  the  dressmaker's  —  to  Mrs. 
White's  —  to  Mr.  Brun's  —  to  Duval's  —  to  Sher- 
ry's —  to  the  Louvre  —  to  the  Bon  March©  —  to 
the  Invalides  —  to  the  Pantheon  —  to  the  den- 
tist's —  to  the  doctor's  —  to  the  barber's. 

Ex.  12  (Grammar  12) 

I  would  be  happy  if  you  came. 

He  would  come  if  he  could. 

We  would  see  him  if  he  were  there. 

We  would  have  seen  him  if  he  had  been  there. 

I  would  have  spoken  to  you. 

You  would  not  have  done  that. 


160  "OUR    METHOD' 


FOR    FRENCH    READING    AND    RECITATION 

ANECDOTES   FRANQAISES 
FRENCH   ANECDOTES 

Un  etranger  (1)  parlait  frangais  a  des  dames 
dans  un  salon  de  Paris.  II  racontait  (2)  ses  voy- 
ages, et  dit: 

"J'et'ais  un  an  (il  pronongait  ane)  a  Rome,  un 
an(ane)  a  Paris,  un  an  (ane)  a  Londres. . .  —  "Oh, 
oui,  je  vois,  repondit  en  souriant  (3)  une  des 
dames:  "Vous  avez  ete  un  ane  partout!"  (4). 


(1)   foreigner  —  (2)   related  —  (3)   smiling  — 
(4)  all  over. 


2. 

Piron  alia  un  jour  rendre  visite  (1)  a  Voltaire, 
qu'il  ne  trouva  pas  chez  (2)  lui.  Voyant  (3)  la 
table  du  salon  couverte  (4)  de  poussiere  (5),  il  y 
traca  ce  mot:  "Cochcn!"  (6)  et  s'en  alia  (7). 
Le  lendemain  (8),  rencontrant  (9)  Voltaire,  il  lui 
dit:  "J'etais  chez  vous,  hier."  —  "Je  le  sais",  re- 
pondit Voltaire,  "j'ai  trouve  votre  carte." 


(1)  pay  visit  —  (2)  at  home  —  (3)  seeing  — ■ 
(4)  covered  —  (5)  dust  —  (6)  pig  —  (7)  went 
away  —  (8)   following  day  —  (9)   meeting. 


3. 

Un  plagiaire  (1)  lisait  (2)  une  de  ses  ceuvres 
(3)  a  Piron.  Remarquant  (4)  que  celui-ci  otait  (5) 
son  chapeau  a  tout  instant,  il  lui  demanda  ce  (6) 
que  cela  signifiait.  "J'ai  l'habitude",  dit-il,  "de 
saluer  (7)  mes  connaissances  (8)  quand  je  les 
rencontre. 


(1)  plagiarist  —  (2)  was  reading  —  (3)  works 
—  (4)  noticing  —  (5)  took  off  —  (6)  what  — 
(7)  bow  —  (8)  acquaintances. 


4. 

Sur  la  fagade  (1)  d'un  hotel  se  (2)  trouvait 
l'inscription  suivante  (3) :  "Ici  on  parle  anglais, 
allemand,  espagnol,  italien,  russe".  Un  Anglais 
entre  et  demande  l'interprete.  "Nous  n'en  avons 
pas",  lui  dit  le  gargon.  —  "Eh  bien!  alors  (4),  qui 


"OUR    METHOD"  161 

done  parle  les  langues  mentionnees  sur  votre  ecri- 
teau?"  (5)  —  "Mais,  les  voyageurs,  Monsieur!" 

(1)   front  —  (2)   was  —   (3)    following  —   (4) 
then  —  (5)  sign. 


5. 

Un  normand  entra  un  jour  chez  un  boulanger 
(1)  et  demanda  un  pain  de  deux  livres  (2).  Le 
boulanger  en  mit  un  sur  le  comptoir  (3).  Le  Nor- 
mand en  demanda  le  prix  (4).  Cinquante  cen- 
times. "II  n'a  pas  le  poids"  (5),  dit  le  Normand. 
"N'importe  (6),  il  sera  plus  facile  (7)  a  porter" 
(8),  repond  le  boulanger.  L'acheteur  (9)  met 
alors  quarante  centimes  sur  le  comptoir.  "Ce 
n'est  pas  assez",  dit  le  boulanger.  "N'importe", 
repond  l'autre,  "ce  sera  plus  facile  a  compter  (10). 


(1)  baker  —  (2)  pounds  —  (3)  counter  —  (4) 
price  —  (5)  weight  —  (6)  nevermind  —  (7)  easier 
—  (8)   carry  —  (9)   buyer  —  (10)   count. 


6. 

Une  femme  tres  agee  dit  a  Fontenelle,  plus 
vieux  (1)  encore  (2) :  "La  mort  (3),  je  crois  (4), 
nous  a  oublies!"  (5).  —  "Chut!"  dit  Fontenelle  en 
mettant  un  doigt  sur  ses  levres. 


(1)   old  —  (2)   still  —   (3)   death  —  (4)   I  be- 
lieve —  (5)  forgotten. 


7. 

Un  enfant  oblige  de  tenir  compagnie  (1)  au 
cure"  (2)  venu  en  visite  (3),  et  qui  mourait  (4) 
d'envie  d'aller  jouer  (5)  avec  ses  camarades,  dit: 
"Monsieur  le  cure\  est-ce  vrai  (6)  que  le  bon  Dieu 
est  partout  present?"  —  "Mais  oui,  mon  enfant." 
—  "Partout,  partout?"  —  "Oui,  partout."  —  "Bien 
sur?"  —  "Tout-a-fait  sur."  —  "Alors  (8),  Monsieur 
le  cure\  je  puis  m'en  aJJer:  vous  n'etes  plus  (9) 
seul!"  (10).    - 


(1)  keep  company  —  (2)  priest—  (3)  on  a 
visit  —  (4)  was  dying  to  —  (5)  play  —  (6)  true 
—  (7)  quite  <—  (8)  then  -  (9)  no  longer  —  flOY 
alone-  -      .    \  / 


162  'OUR    METHOD' 


ESPRIT  FRANQAIS 
FRENCH  WIT 

Un  mauvais  (1)  ecrivain  (2)  s'accusait  (3) 
humblement  (4)  a  Fontenelle  d'avoir  publie  (5) 
contre  (6)  lui  une  brochure  (7)  outrageante. 
"Monsieur,  vous  me  l'apprenez!"  (9)  repondit  le 
philosophe. 


(1)  bad  —  (2)  writer  —  (3)  accused  himself  — 
(4)  humbly  —  (5)  published  —  (6)  against  —  (7) 
pamphlet  —  (8)  insulting  —  (9)  you  just  informed 
me  of  it!   (I  never  knew  it  until  you  told  me!) 


Benserade  prit  (1)  a  l'Academie  la  place  de 
Furetiere  qu'il  n'aimait  pas.  II  dit  en  la  pre- 
nant  (2) :  "Voila  (3)  une  place  ou  je  vais  dire  bien 
des  sottises!"  (4).  —  "Courage!"  lui  cria  Fure- 
tiere —  "Vous  avez  bien  commence!"  (5). 


(1)   took  —  (2)   taking  it  —  (3)  this  is  —  (4) 
foolish  things  —  (5)   started  well! 


Madame  de  ....  faisait  (1)  cette  question  a 
Fontenelle:  "Quelle  difference  y  a-t-il  entre  (2) 
moi  et  la  pendule?"  (3)  —  "La  pendule  marque 
les  heures",  repondit-il,  "et  vous  les  faites  oub- 
lier!"   (4) 


(1)   asked  —  (2)   between  —  (3)   clock  —  (4) 
make  one  forget  them. 


Un  auteur  (1)  qui  faisait  ecrire  (2)  ses  ceuvres 
par  de  pauvres  ecrivains  (3)  demanda  a  quel- 
qu'un:  "Avez-vous  lu  mon  livre?"  —  "Et  vous?", 
repondit  l^autre.  v. 


(1)   author  —  (2)   had  written  —  (3)  writers. 


"OUR    METHOD"  163 

SECTION    MILITAIRE 

Military  Section 

Quelques    expressions    se    rapportant    a    la    guerre 

A  few  expressions  relating  to  the   war 

la  paix   peace 

les  pays  neutres the  neutral  countries 

la  violation  de  la  neutra- 
lity   violation  of  neutrality 

le   drapeau    the   flag 

Petendard the  standard 

couler  sans  avertir    to  sink  without  warning 

rompre    les   relations   di-    to  break  off  diplomatic 

plomatiques relations 

remettre  un   passeport   ...to   be   handed   one's 

passport 

sous   les  drapeaux    with  the  colors 

s'enroler to  enlist  —  I  have  en- 

Je  me  suis  enrole listed 

I'engage   volontaire    the  volunteer 

camp  d'entramement training  camp 

chiffon  de  papier   the  scrap  of  paper 

I'armee    the  army 

la   marine    the  navy 

passer  le  conseil  de  revi-    to  pass  the  medical  ex- 

sion   amination 

le   signalement    personal  description 

I'emprunt the  loan 

bombarder to  bombard 

passer     en     conseil  de 

guerre to  be  court-martialed 

prendre  I'offensive assume  the  offensive 

aller  en   reconnaissance   .  .reconnoitre 

aller  en  eclaireur to   scout 

mettre  hors  de  combat  ...to  disable 
Pennemi   a   ete   repousse,  .the  enemy  has  been  re- 
pulsed 
il  a  ete  cite  a  I'ordre  du     he   has   had   a   mention 

jour in  orders 

citation  a  I'ordre  du  jour. .mention  in  orders 
eprouver     de     grosses 

pertes to  lose  heavily 

mettre  en  deroute   to  rout 

I'armee  a   ete  mise  en        the  army  has  been 

deroute   routed 

faire  des   prisonniers    ...to  take  prisoners 

nouvelles  du  front   news  from  the  front 

a  portee  de  fusil    within  rifle  range 

quelles   sont   les   nouvelleswhat  is  the  news  from 

du  front?  the  front? 


164  "OUR     METHOD" 


Titres  et  Grades  —  Titles  and  ranks 

I'empereur emperor 

le   roi    king 

le  prince    prince 

le  due duke 

le   comte    count 

le   president    president 

le  ministre   minister 

le  marechal    ,  field  marshal 

le  general    general 

le   colonel    colonel 

le    lieutenant    lieutenant 

Se  sous-lieutenant second   lieutenant 

Toff  icier officer 

le  sous-off icier non-commissioned 

le  sergent   sergeant 

simple  soldat  private 

poilu private 

avancement  .   .  .  . promotion 

monter  en  grade .to  be  promoted 

decorer to  decorate 

decerner  la  medaille  award  the  medal 

Tetoile  des  braves   medal  for  bravery 

les   chevrons    stripes   (of  grade) 

les   insignes    insignia 

Armee  —  Army 

billets  de  logement   billeting  orders 

loger to  accommodate 

y  at-il  de  la  place?   is  there  room? 

il  n'y  a  plus  de  place there  is  no  more  room 

y  a-t-il  de   la  place  pour     have  you  room  for  our 

nos  chevaux   horses? 

les  details  particulars 

merci  de  votre  hospital ite.  thanks   for   your   hospi- 
tality 

les  munitions  ammunition 

les    balles    shrapnel   —    bullets 

obus shell 

le  fusil .  -gun 

I'epee the  sword 

I  e  canon  .   :...... the  cannon 

la  bombe the  bomb 

la  grenade  .... ... . :. .  .the  grenade 

gaz  asphyxiants    .....:,..  asphyxiating  gas 

explosifs  . explosives 

artillerie   (tourde,.  legere)  .artillery  (heavy,  light) 
infanterie  .   .......... infantry 


"OUR    METHOD"  165 

artillerie  de  campagne   ...field  artillery 
artillerie  de  montagne    ...mountain  artillery 

artillerie  cotiere   coast  artillery 

la    mitrailleuse    machine  gun 

le  canon  de  siege   siege  gun 

le  canon  contre-avion    ....anti-air  craft 

le  chargeur loading  apparatus 

la  visee    aim  —  sight 

la  cible  —  le  but target  aim 

le  tir  a  la  cible target-practice  — 

a  portee  etendue at  long  range 

a  portee  courte   at  short  range 

le  feu  regulier steady  fire 

le  tir  de  barrage curtain  fire 

la  charge  load 

cavalerie    cavalry 

I'escadron the  squadron 

le   mors the  bit 

le  harnais   the  harness 

la   bride   the  bridle 

la    selle    the  saddle 

I'etrier the  stirrup 

le  fer  a  chevai  the  horse-shoe 

marechal-ferrant the  blacksmith 

I'ecurie the  stable 

le  seau   the  bucket 

le  ratelier   the  rack 

le  fourrage   the  forrage  —  fodder 

le  foin the  hay 

I'avoine the  oats 

le  son   the  bran 

la  botte  de  paille the  truss  of  straw 

le  pas   pace 

le  galop   gallop 

ruer to  kick 

la  defensive   the  defensive 

se    rendre    to  surrender 

I'attaque  de  flanc flank  attack 

livrer   I'assaut    to  storm 

corps  a  corps  hand  to  hand 

embuscade ambush 

aller  au  secours  de to  rescue 

perdre to  lose 

gagner to  win 

faire   retraite    to  retreat 

la  debandade    the  disbanding  of 

la   defaite    defeat 

blesser   to  wound 

tuer to  kill 


166  'OUR     METHOD" 

manquant missing 

mort dead 

tue  killed 

evacuer to  evacuate 

piller plunder 

faucher to  mow  down 

la  consigne   orders  —  duty  —  con- 
finement 

I'avant-poste outposts 

la  ronde round 

le  mot  d'ordre   pass-word 

le  vaguemestre   letter  carrier 

la  solde   pay 

aux  arrets  under  arrest 

conseil  de  guerre court  martial 

passer   en    to  be  tried  by 

deserter to  desert 

traitre traitor 

espion spy 

lache coward 

trahir to  betray 

espionner to  spy 

signal    signal 

I'alarme the  alarm 

la  diane  the  bugle 

le  reveil   the  reveille 

couchez-vous    lie  down 

taisez-vous silence! 

baissez  la  tete  keep  your  head  down 

Chevaux  —  Horses 

ecurie   stable 

donner  a  boire  au  cheval.to  water  the  horse 

panser  un  cheval   to  groom  a  horse 

ou  pouvons-nous  avoir?  ...where  can  we  get 

Le  camp  —  The  camp 

camper to  camp 

camp  fixe   permanent  camp 

camp  retranche  entrenched  camp 

la  tranchee  trench 

les  boyaux ways   (of  trenches) 

la  tente    the  tent 

le  charbon  the   coal 

le  bois    the  wood 

faire   bouillir    to  boil 

allumer    (allumettes)    to  light  (matches) 

le  marteau    the  hammer 

la   pelle -the  shovel 


"'OUR    METHOD''  167 

les   vivres    food  supplies 

le  ravitaillement   supplies 

le   magasin    store 

Transport  —  Transportation 

le  chemin  de  fer the  railroad 

le  rail   the  rail 

le  convoi    the  convoy- 
la  gare   the  station  —  depot 

le    fourgon    the  van 

automobile    blindee    armored   car 

le   camion    the  truck 

le  camion-automobile motor  truck 

I'autobus the  motor  bus 

la  roue the  wheel 

le  chassis    the  chassis    (frame) 

le  moteur the  motor 

le  carburateur   the   carburetor 

essence gasoline 

la  piqure   the  puncture 

la  crevaison    the  blowout 

reparer to  mend 

crever to  blow  out 

le  pneu  —  bandage tire 

la  direction stearing  gear 

le  volant stearing  wheel 

la  vitesse the  speed 

le  phare the  head  light 

la  batterie the  battery 

accelerer to  speed  up 

ralentir to  slow  up 

en  panne break  down 

deraper to  skid 

demarrer    start 

Aviation 

aeronaute aeronaut 

aviateur aviator 

dirigeable dirigible 

ballon  libre  free  balloon 

aeroplane aeroplane 

avion aeroplane 

biplan   biplane 

monoplan monoplane 

hydroplan hydroplane 

le  lest ballast 

I'helice  (f.)    propeller 

mettre  en   marche    to  start 


168  "OUR     METHOD" 

Paile   the  wing 

le  volant    hand  wheel 

le  gouvernail    .  .  . rudder 

la  boussole   compass 

survoler   to  fly  over 

boucler  la  boucle   loop  the  loop 

observer to  observe 

reparer to  repair 

Hopital  — ■  Hospital 

blesse   wounded 

la   blessure -the  wound 

le  medecin    the  doctor 

le   chirurgien    the  surgeon 

I'infirmiere   the  nurse 

la  garde-malade the  nurse 

la  Croix-Rouge Red  Cross 

!e  brancardier   stretcher  bearer 

Taumonier  . the  chaplain 

la  plaie the  wound 

la  fracture the  fracture 

la   luxation    the   sprain 

la    contusion    the  bruise 

la  cicatrice the  scar 

la  douleur the  pain 

la  f ievre the  fever 

aveugle blind 

la    paralysie    paralysis 

mal  aux  yeux sore  eyes 

sourd deaf 

service  de  sante   medical  corps 

de  garde on  duty 

le  pansement  the  dressing 

paquet  de  pansement   ....  first   aid  medical  pack- 
age 
la     medecine     (medica- 
ment)     the  medicine 

le   remontant the  stimulant 

la  potion  calmante sleeping  draught 

la  pilule  the  pill 

la  charpie   the  lint 

antiseptique antiseptic 

la  piqure   the  injection 

anesthesique •  anaesthetic 

I'echarpe   the  sling 

en   echarpe   in  a  sling 

I'eclisse    . the   splint 

le  platre the  cast    (plaster) 


'OUR    METHOD"  169 


Expressions 

je  suis  frappe I  am  hit 

avez-vous   mal?    do    you    suffer? 

souffrez-vous?   do    you    suffer? 

avalez  ceci    swallow  this 

une   cuilleree    .  '. a  spoonful 

prenez  sa  temperature   ...take  his  temperature 

respirez   plus   fort    breathe  deeper 

buvez   cela drink  that 

soulevez-le    raise  him 

je   me  sens  mieux    I  feel  better 

appelez  la  garde   call  the  nurse 

tournez  mon  oreiller   turn  my  pillows 

j'ai  chaud    I  am  warm 

vous  serez  gueri   you  will  be  cured 

en   convalescence    convalescing 


LA  MARINE  —  THE  NAVY 

off  icier  de  marine    naval  officer 

amiral   admiral 

contre-amiral  rear  admiral 

chef  d'escadre    commodore 

e  capitaine captain 

e    lieutenant    lieutenant 

'enseigne ensign 

e  maitre  d'equipage    boatswain 

'equipage crew 

e  maitre  charge warrant  officer 

e  matelot sailor 

'ingenieur engineer 

e  chauffeur   stoker 

e  debardeur stevedore 

'escadre squadron 

e  convoi convoy 

e  vaisseau  de  guerre war  ship 

e  croiseur the  cruiser 

e  cuirasse the  battle  ship 

a  tourelle  blindee   armored  turret 

e  torpilleur torpedo  boat 

e  contre-torpilleur destroyer 

a   mer    sea 

e  sous-marin    submarine 

e  periscope    periscope 

e  transport  de  troupes  .  .  .transport 
e  navire ship 


170  "OUR     METHOD" 

le  bateau boat 

le  remorqueur   tug  boat 

remorquer to  tow 

le   pont deck 

le  canot  de  sauvetage   .  . .  .life  boat 

le  trailleur   trawler 

le  chalutier trawler 

I'helice   propeller 

submerger to  submerge 

a   bord    on  board 

noyer to  drown 

nager to  swim 

secourir to  rescue 

le   naufrage shipwreck 

couler to  sink 

la  ceinture  de  sauvetage  .  .life  belt 

mer  houleuse   choppy  sea 

mer  calme calm  sea 

le  brouillard   the  fog 

I'orage the  storm 

la   tern  pete    the  storm,  the  tempest 

debarquer    to  land 

ancrer to  anchor 

le  debarquement  the  landing 

le  debarcadere wharf 

mouille   at  anchor 

la  cote   the  coast 

le   port   port  — ■  harbor 

amarrer   to  moor 

a  terre   ashore 

la  jetee    pier 

I'ancre   (f.)    anchor 

le  phare lighthouse 


Some    military   "argot"    or   "slang" 

le  pinard   wine 

le  singe can   of  preserved   meat 

le   cuistot    ?. cook 

la   barbaque    meat 

la  bidoche meat 

plombe hour 

une  piloche tooth 

les  tiffs    hair 

les  douilles  hair 

le   ciboulot    head 

la   caboche    head 


OUR     METHOD"  171 


le  pagot   bed 

les   brisques    stripes   (grade) 

les  giries  fuss  —  lamentations 

se  faire  porter  pale   declare  one  is  sick 

gniole   spirits  —  alcohol 

flanchard   . coward  —  slacker 

poteau companion  —  chum 

piger   to  catch  —  get 

avoir  du   boulot have  trouble 

fourbi    equipment 

Parigot Parisian 

le  chateau   la   pompe water 

le  cafard    blues  — ■  depression 

ne  pas  s'en  falre not  to  worry 

ne  vous  en  faites  pas  ...  .do  not  worry 


172  'OUR     METHOD" 

LA    MARSEILLAISE 

(Rouget  de  lisle,  1792) 
Literal  Translation. 


Allons  enfants  de  la  Patrie 

Come  ye  children  of  the  (our)  country 

Le  jour  de  gloire  est  arrive. 

The  day  of  glory  is  arrived. 

Contre  nous  de   la  tyrannie 

Against  us  of  tyranny 

L'etendard  sanglant  est  leve. 

The  banner  bloody  is  raised. 

Entendez-vous  dans  les  campagnes 

Hear  you  in  the  fields 

Mugir  ces  feroces  soldats? 

Roar  those  ferocious  soldiers? 

lis  viennent  jusque  dans  nos  bras 

They  come  even  in  our  arms 

Egorger  nos  f i Is,  nos  compagnes 

Slay  our  sons,  our  wives 

Aux  armes,  citoyens! 

To  arms,  citizens! 

Formez  vos  bataillons! 

Form  your  batallions! 

Marchons!    Marchons! 

Let  us  march!  Let  us  march! 

Qu'un  sang  impur 

Let  a  blood  impure 

Abreuve  nos  sillons! 

Quench   (drench)    our  furrows   (plains) 

Amour  sacre  de   la   Patrie 

Love  sacred  of  the  country 

Conduis,  soutiens  nos  bras  vengeurs 

Lead,  sustain  our  arms  avenging 

Liberte,    liberte   cherie, 

Liberty,  liberty  adored 

Combats  avec   tes  defenseurs! 

Fight  with  thy  defenders 

Sous   nos  drapeaux  que  la  victoire 

Under  our  flags  let  victory 

Accoure   a  tes   males   accents 

Come  running  at  thy  viril  strains 

Que  tes  ennemis  expirants 

Let  thy  enemies  dying 

Voient   ton    triomphe   et    notre    gloire. 

See  thy  triumph  and  our  glory. 

Aux  armes,  citoyens!  —  etc.,  etc. 

To  arms,  citizens! 


"OUR     METHOD"  173 

LA   MARSEILLAISE 
Allons  enfants  de  la  patrie 
Le  jour  de  gloire  est  arrive 
Contre  nous  de  la  tyrannie 
L'etendard  sanglant  est  leve 
Entendez-vous  dans  les  campagnes 
Mugir  ces  feroces  soldats? 
lis  viennent  jusque  dans  nos  bras 
£gorger  nos  fils  et  nos  compagnes. 
Aux  armes,  citoyens! 
Formez  vos   bataillonsl 
Marchons!     Marchons! 
Qu'un   sang   impur 
Abreuve  nos  sillons! 

Amour  sacre  de  la  patrie 

Conduis  soutiens,   nos   bras  vengeurs. 

Liberte,  Liberte  cherie 

Combats  avec  tes  defenseurs! 

Sous  nos  drapeaux,  que  la  victoire 

Accoure  a  tes   males  accents! 

Que  tes  ennemis  expirants 

Voient  ton  triomphe  et  notre  gloire. 

Aux  armes,  citoyens!    etc.,    etc. 


LA  MARSEILLAISE 
Free  English  translation 
Come  ye  children  of  our  country 
The  day  of  glory  has  arrived 
The  bloody  banner  of  tyranny 
Has  been  raised  against  us. 
Do  you    hear  those  ferocious  soldiers 
Roar  in  the  plains? 
They  come  to  slay  even  in  our  arms 
Our  sons  and  our  wives. 
To  arms!   citizens!    Form  your  batalions! 
Let  us  march!     Let  us  march! 
And  let  an  impure  blood 
Drench   our  fields! 
Sacred  love  of  our  country 
Lead,  sustain  our  avenging  arms. 
Liberty,  beloved  liberty! 
Fight  along  with  thy  defenders! 
Let  victory  hasten  under  our  flags,    . 
At  thy  viril  strains. 
Let  thy  dying  enemies 
Witness  thy  triumph  and  our  glory. 
To  arms!   citizens!    Form  your  batalions! 


174  'OUR     METHOD 


VUES    DE    PARIS    ET    ENVIRONS 
SIGHTS  OF  PARIS  AND  SURROUNDINGS' 

Streets,  Avenues  and  Parks 
Les  Champs-Elysees  Le  Bois  de  Boulogne 

Les  Tuileries  Le  Pare  Monceau 

Le  Luxembourg  Les  Grands  Boulevards 

Le  Jardin  des  Plantes        Place  de  la  Concorde 
Place  Vendome 

M usees  —  Museums,  Galleries 
Le  Louvre 
Le  Luxembourg 
Le  Musee  de  Cluny 

Les  Salons  de  peinture  et  de  sculpture 
held  at:   "Le  Grand  Palais" 
"Le  Petit  Palais" 
Carnavalet 
Musee  du  Trocadero 
Palais  de  Versailles 
Palais  de  Fontainebleau 

Ecoles,   Industries  et   Institutions 

Schools  and  Industries,  etc. 
Les  Gobelins  —  tapisseries   (tapestries)  —  Paris 
Les  porcelaines  de  Sevres 
L'Ecole  des  Beaux-Arts 
La  Sorbonne 
L'Academie 

Monuments  et  £glises 
Monuments  and  churches 
Le  Pantheon 
Les  Invalides 

Palais  de  Justice  —  Ste.Chapelle  —  L'Elysee  (pre- 
sident's residence) 
Palais  Bourbon  (Chamber  of  Deputies  seat) 
La  Madeleine   (church) 
Notre-Dame 
La  Trinite 

La  Bourse   (Exchange) 
L'Opera 

Theatres 
L'Opera  La   Renaissance 

Le  Theatre  Francais  Le   Theatre  Antoine 

L'Odeon  Les  Varietes 

La  Porte  St.  Martin  Le  Vaudeville 

L'Opera  Comique 


"OUR    METHOD"  175 

SUPPLEMENTARY   REMARKS 

A  few  suggestions  for  continuing  the  study 

of  the  French  language 

After  having  mastered  this  little  book, 
the  student  is  ready  to  develop  and  perfect 
his  knowledge  of  the  French  language,  for 
which  aim  we  would  give  the  following  ad- 
vice: 

1.  Good  reading.  —  By  good  reading,  we 
both  include  the  matter  and  the  manner. 
That  is,  we  recommend  the  works  of  the 
best  authors  and  advise  the  pupils  to  read 
very  carefully  with  the  help  of  a  good  dic- 
tionary. 

In  this  way,  they  will  learn  the  construc- 
tion of  the  language  and  acquaint  them- 
selves with  the  numerous  idiomatic  expres- 
sions which  are  so  abundant  in  French. 

2.  We  recommend,  as  an  excellent  exer- 
cise and  one  that  enables  the  pupil  to  study 
alone,  the  translation  into  English  of  a  par- 
agraph or  more,  of  some  good  French 
work  (classic  or  modern).  Then  the  pupil 
should  try  to  re-translate  this  into  the  ori- 
ginal. 

3.  An  excellent  exercise,  besides  letter 
writing,  is  to  write  in. French,  a  little,  abs- 
tract of  some  story,  book  or  play. 

4.  Poetry  or  prose1,  learned  by  heart,  is 
also  :  a  .very  effective .  means,  of  acquiring 
fluency  of  speech.  -     ■  Vi        '■.  '....- 


176  'OUR     METHOD" 

A  few  suggestions  as  to  what  books  to  read : 

For  children :  Fairy  tales  —  fables  in  prose 
— the  works  of  "La  Bibliotheque  Rose". 
For  grown  people : 

1.  Many  fine  works  easily  procurable  at 
small  cost  from  the  "Jenkins  edition" 
will  prove  excellent  reading,  as: 

"Le  Manage  d 'Amour"  by  L.  Halevy. 
"Le   Siege   de   Berlin"   and  other  short 

stories,  by  Alphonse  Daudet. 
" Une  dot"  by  Ernest  Legouve. 
"Les    fiances    de     Grindewald",     Erck- 

man-Chatrian. 
"La  Mare  au  Diable",  George  Sand. 
"Contes    Choisis",    G.    de    Maupassant, 

etc.  etc. 

2.  "L'Abbe  Constantin",  L.  Halevy. 
"Kari  Kari",  L.  Halevy. 

"Le  Petit  Chose",  A.  Daudet,  etc. 

From  the  Classics: 
Les  Caracteres  de  La  Bruyere. 
Lettres  choisies  de  Mme  de  Sevigne. 
Selections  from  Bossuet,  Fenelon,  Voltaire. 
Fables  de  La  Fontaine. 
Tragedies  de  Corneille  et  Racine. 
Comedies  de  Moliere,  etc. 

The  rich  literary  field  of  France  is  then 
open  to  the  student  for  him  to  gather,  ac- 
cording to  his  judgment  and  taste:  " 

A  good  book  on  literature  will  be  a  splen- 
did guide  to  him: 
"Histoire-  de    la   -litterature    francaise"  by 

Rene  Doumic-  Brunetiere.      . 
"Histoife   illustfee    de   la  "litteVature   frarr-r 

Qaise",  by  Aubrey-Audie-Grbifzet.  v    •' 


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